Education in Hungary: Difference between revisions
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Before students get their degree, they must pass an intermediate level language exam in the foreign language of their choice. English and German are the most popular. The number of Spanish-learnerns has been growing in the last few years. Recently a high number of students chose [[Esperanto]] and [[Romani language|Romani]] languages. The latter is said to have a relatively small vocabulary and easy grammar. |
Before students get their degree, they must pass an intermediate level language exam in the foreign language of their choice. English and German are the most popular. The number of Spanish-learnerns has been growing in the last few years. Recently a high number of students chose [[Esperanto]] and [[Romani language|Romani]] languages. The latter is said to have a relatively small vocabulary and easy grammar. |
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Go ILLINI |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 19:26, 20 November 2007
| File:Oktatasi miniszterium.jpg | |
| Ministry of Education and Culture | |
|---|---|
| Minister Deputy Secretary | István Hiller |
| National education budget (2006) | |
| Budget | 272.86 billion Ft |
| General details | |
| Primary languages | Hungarian |
| System type | Central |
| Established Activated | October 26, 1995 September 1, 1998 |
| Literacy (2003) | |
| Total | 99.4 |
| Male | 99.5 |
| Female | 99.3 |
| Enrollment | |
| Total | 1,877,500 |
| Primary | 886,500 |
| Secondary | 570,000 |
| Post secondary | 421,000 |
| Attainment | |
| Secondary diploma | 86 |
| Post-secondary diploma | 14 |
In Hungary most schools are owned by the government, although since the 1990s there are also church owned and private schools.
Students attend school five days a week, from Monday to Friday and usually have 5-8 classes a day. School holidays are from the first or second week of June until the end of August. The week around Christmas and Easter, and official holidays are also designated as school holidays.
Classes last for 45 minutes, and there are 5 to 25 minute breaks between them.
Basic education
Primary school is usually preceded by kindergarten where children spend 3 or 4 years. Children start primary school when they reach school-maturity, usually in the year in which they have their 6th birthday (7th if they were born after May 31).
Primary education can last for 4, 6 or 8 years. 8-year education is the most widespread; the other two options were introduced in the early 1990s.
Subjects include literature, grammar, mathematics, music, art, Physical education, environmental studies (from 1st to 5th grade), biology (from 6th grade), geography (from 6th grade), history (from 5th grade), history of art, physics (from 6th grade), chemistry (from 7th grade), one or two foreign languages (usually English, German or French). Before 1990 Russian was compulsory.
Secondary education
Secondary education usually lasts for 4 years. In gimnáziums it can also last for 5, 6 or 8 years depending on how many years the student spent in primary school. Since 1997 the numbering of years in secondary school are following that of primary school (i. e. after the 8th grade of primary school the student goes to 9th grade, which is actually the 1st year of secondary school.)
There are three kinds of secondary schools:
- Gimnázium (non-vocational; prepares students for higher education; teaches at least 2 foreign languages)
- Szakközépiskola (vocational school but also prepares for higher education)
- Szakiskola (vocational school)
After finishing secondary school, students take a school-leaving exam (Matura or final exam, érettségi in Hungarian). This consists from 2005 of exams on five subjects: written exam in mathematics, oral and written exams in literature and grammar, a foreign language, history, and written and/or oral exam in a subject of the student's choice. These exams also serve as an entry exam to universities and colleges.
New secondary form until the school year of 2004/2005
Many of the gimnáziums have begun to teach a foreign language intensively (usually 12-14 lessons a week) and IT (usually 3-4 lessons a week) in the first year. This is called nyelvi előkészítő évfolyam, literally "Language training class", or simply nulladik évfolyam. After 2005, students will have less foreign language lessons and IT.
At schools where there is no nulladik évfolyam (beginners classes), they may be required to introduce them because the majority of Hungarians do not speak more than one language, or only speak their parents language or dialect. Most students will finish High School at the age of 18 or 19, or when they complete Year 13.
Those who had at least an intermediate level language exam weren't required to pass a language exam at Matura, but has become compulsory since 2006. In language training classes, a student must pass an intermediate level language exam in the second year, and the same level Matura in the third year.
Higher education
Higher education is divided between colleges and universities. College education generally lasts for 4 years, while university education lasts for 4 to 6 years depending on the course undertaken. University PhD courses usually take 3 years to complete.
Before students get their degree, they must pass an intermediate level language exam in the foreign language of their choice. English and German are the most popular. The number of Spanish-learnerns has been growing in the last few years. Recently a high number of students chose Esperanto and Romani languages. The latter is said to have a relatively small vocabulary and easy grammar.
Go ILLINI
See also
Sources
- Number of enrolled students
- About educational attainment (data from 2000)
- About the educational budget (Hungarian only)
External links
- Ministry of Education (in Hungarian and English)
- Hungary's profile at EuroEducation.net