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The Epiphone Company is a guitar manufacturer. Before being bought out by Gibson in the late 1950s, Epiphone was actually Gibson's main rival in the archtop market. Their professional archtops, including the Emperor, Deluxe, Broadway and Triumph, rivaled (and some contend surpassed) those of Gibson. Aside from their guitars, Epiphone also made bass guitars, banjos, and other stringed instruments. However, the company's weakness in the aftermath of World War II allowed Gibson to absorb it.　

The name "Epiphone" is a combination of proprietor Epaminondas Stathopoulos' nickname "Epi" and "phone", Greek for "sound". There has been some amount of controversy surrounding the pronunciation of the name, with some people pronouncing it 'Epi-fone', while others tend to pronounce it 'Epif-uh-nee', similar to the English word "Epiphany".

History

The history of Epiphone dates to the 1870s, in Izmir, Turkey, where Greek founder Anastasios Stathopoulos made his own fiddles, lutes, and Lioutos. Stathopoulos moved to the United States of America in 1903, and continued to make his original instruments, as well as mandolins, from Long Island City in Queens, New York. Anastasios died in 1915, and his son, Epaminondas, took over. After two years, the company was known as The House Of Stathopoulos.

Just after the end of World War I, the company started to make banjos. The company produced its Recording Line of Banjos in 1924, and, four years later, took on the name of the Epiphone Banjo Company. They produced their first guitars in 1928. Epi Stathopoulo died in 1943. Unfortunately, control of the company went to his brothers, Orphie and Frixo, who were not as capable an owner as Epi. In 1951, a four month long strike forced a relocation of Epiphone from New York to Philadelphia. The company was bought out by their main rival, Gibson in 1957.

During an appearance on the Ed Sullivan show, Paul McCartney performed "Yesterday" for the first time on an Epiphone acoustic guitar. McCartney still uses this same guitar on tour during the concert performances of "Yesterday".

Casino

Main article: Epiphone Casino

The most famous Epiphone model introduced by Gibson after taking over was the Casino. The Casino was made in the shape and configuration of a Gibson ES-330 guitar. It has a very heavy sound and is a very good rhythm guitar due to its fairly thick sound when strummed. It is a genuine hollow body electric guitar with P90 pickups.

The Casino is famous for being used by The Beatles. Paul McCartney was the first to acquire one and John Lennon and George Harrison followed suit soon after. All three were sunburst finishes, Paul and George's were factory fitted with a Bigsby vibrato tailpiece.^{[citation needed]} These can be seen in some pictures of their later concerts and the Casinos were much used in the studio as well.^{[citation needed]} Paul McCartney used his in the solo in Taxman and the Casino sound is very prevalent throughout Revolver and their later albums. John Lennon made his Casino one of his main guitars and used it for the rest of his time with the Beatles and into the 70s. He customized it in 1968, having it sanded down to a natural finish and coating it with lacquer. He also replaced some of the hardware and removed the pickguard. Lennon used his customized Casino in the last public appearance by the Beatles -- an impromptu concert in January 1969 on the rooftop of Apple Records in London, footage of which was included in the film "Let It Be". Harrison stopped using his Casino in 1967 and began using the Fender Stratocaster and Telecaster and a Les Paul given to him by Eric Clapton. Paul still uses his Casino in concert and studio today. link

1970-present

In the early 1970s, Epiphones began to be manufactured in Japan. From the 1980s, Epiphones were manufactured mainly in Korea by contractors licensed by Gibson. One of these contractors was Samick, which also built instruments under license for other brands and in its own name. Thus, a Korean-era solidbody Epiphone would have been built under license. The brand was primarily used to issue less expensive versions of classic Gibson models, in a manner similar to that of the Squier brand by Fender. These Epiphones were sometimes built with different tonewoods from the original Gibson versions, which often resulted in the instruments bearing a visual and ergonomic similarity to the Gibson originals but having a slightly different tone. For example, bodies of the G-400 SG copy were made with either mahogany or alder body, depending on the availability of the wood.

Samick has stopped manufacturing guitars in Korea. In 2002, Gibson opened a factory in Qingdao, China, which manufactures Epiphone guitars and no others.

Unique Epiphone models, including the Emperor, Zephyr, Riviera and Sheraton, are built to higher quality standards than the company's "Gibson copy" line. Epiphone also produces a range of higher quality instruments under the "Elitist Series" moniker, which are built in Japan. The "Masterbilt" acoustics are manufactured in Qingdao.

According to several forum entries, current Epiphone serial numbers give the following information:

Korea

I = Saein
U = Unsung
S = Samick
P or R = Peerless

China

DW = DeaWon
EA = Gibson/QingDao
EE = Gibson/QingDao
MC = Muse
SJ = SaeJung
Z = Zaozhuang Saehan
BW = China

Japan

No letter or F = FujiGen
J or T = Terada

Czech Republic

B = Bohêmia Musico-Delicia

Indonesia

SI = Samick

Example: U8034853 U = Unsung, 8 = 1998, 03 = March, 4853 = manufacturing number.

At least one model, the Epiphone Spirit, was manufactured in the USA during the early 1980s in the Gibson factory in Kalamazoo, MI. USA produced Epiphones of this era bear standard Gibson serialization and include the "Made in USA" stamp on the back of the headstock. Headstocks of US models also use the Gibson headstock shape.

Current status

Epiphone is now a subsidiary of Gibson, somewhat like Squier is a subsidiary of Fender (the chief difference being that the Squier line of guitars was created in-house by Fender; in other words, there is no such thing as a "pre-Fender" Squier guitar). Because of this subsidiary relationship, many of the instruments look the same as the more expensive Gibson versions. However Epiphone still maintains its own line of archtop guitars.

Unlike Squier, Epiphone also manufactures its own line of amplifier, and began to produce tube amplifiers with high quality tubes, such as EL84 from Electro-Harmonix.

Current products

Amplifiers

Epiphone produced amplifiers under Gibson in the 60's. Basically copies or variations of Gibson and Fender amps, these amps were all tube, some with reverb and tremolo.

Models: (RV=reverb, T=tremolo) | E-1051: 1970's, 1x10" combo | EA-12 RVT Futura: '62-'67, 4x10", grey tolex, light grille | EA-14 RVT Ensign: '65-'69, 50 watt 2x12", gray tolex, silver grille, split c logo | EA-15 RVT Zephyr: '61-'65, 14 or 20 watt 1x15", gray tolex, light grille, split c logo (on panel), script e logo on grille | EA-16 RVT Regent (Lancer): '65-'69, 25 watt 1x12", gray vinyl, gray grille, called Lancer first year | EA-26 RVT Electra: '65-'69, 1x12", footwitch, gray tolex | EA-32 RVT Comet: '65-'67, 1x10" | EA-33 RVT Galaxie: '63-'64, 1x10", gray tolex, gray grille | EA-35 (T) Devon: '61-'63, 1x10", '63 was a 1x12 with tremolo | EA-50 Pacemaker: '61-'69, 1x8" until '62, 1x10" after, EA-50 T added in '63, non-tremolo dropped in '67 | EA-300 RVT Embassy: '65-'69, 90 watt 2x12", gray vinyl, grey grille

Epiphone re-entered into the premium amplifier market in 2006 with many different models, from their E-series tube-emulater, "So Cal", and "Blues" Custom amplifiers, to the small "Valve" series. Among these, the Epiphone Valve Junior, a small 5 watt tube amp, is the most famous, as not only is a single ended class A, its cheap price also makes it affordable and made modifying easy. It is released both as a head (with matching cab) and combo.

Guitars

The following guitars are currently made by Epiphone:

Gibson copies

File:Yta.JPG

An Epiphone Les Paul Jr. Ltd. Sunburst Edition.

The Explorer
Several Versions of the SG guitar Including G400, G310 and SG special.
Around 20 versions of the Les Paul
The Dot (and the Dot Studio), similar to the ES-335
The Flying-V
The Firebird
The Thunderbird
The Les Paul Jr.
The Blackbird
The ES-175
The EDS-1275 Dual-neck
The Hummingbird
The L 00

Dedicated Epiphone models

Several versions of the Sheraton
Several versions of the Casino
The Riviera in 6- and 12-string versions
The Broadway
The Emperor
Several versions of the Zephyr
The Supernova
The Wildkat
The AlleyKat
The Flamekat
Nick Valensi Riviera P-94
The Viola Bass
The Coronet

In recent years Epiphone introduced a series of acoustic guitars named Masterbilt after a line of guitars of the 1930s. Today's Masterbilt guitars are manufactured in China.

Discontinued Models

Epiphone Demon
Epiphone Genesis Electric Guitar
Epiphone Slasher
Epiphone Supernova
Gibson/Epiphone Spirit
Various Signature models
Epiphone Wilshire
Epiphone Crestwood
Epiphone Coronet
Epiphone Olympic
Epiphone Pro

Players Of Epiphone

Collectible status of Epiphone guitars

The original Epiphone Texan acoustic guitar was made in the early 1960s as a cheaper version of the Gibson J-45 model, and was available with blond or sunburst finish. Although cheaper than its Gibson counterpart at the time of manufacture, vintage period Texans in good condition can currently change hands for around $3,000. Furthermore, the company has actually released a limited run of Epiphone Texan acoustic guitar replicas marked with the legitimate signature of Paul McCartney for a retail price of $1,949.00 - $1,949.99.

Another collectible guitar is the Epiphone Wilshire from the 1960s, which sells for $2000-4000 now.

External links

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 In the early [[1970s]], Epiphones began to be manufactured in [[Japan]]. From the 1980s, Epiphones were manufactured mainly in Korea by contractors licensed by Gibson.  One of these contractors was [[Samick]], which also built instruments under license for other brands and in its own name. Thus, a Korean-era solidbody Epiphone would have been built under license. The brand was primarily used to issue less expensive versions of classic Gibson models, in a manner similar to that of the [[Squier]] brand by [[Fender]].  These Epiphones were sometimes built with different tonewoods from the original Gibson versions, which often resulted in the instruments bearing a visual and ergonomic similarity to the Gibson originals but having a slightly different tone. For example, bodies of the G-400 SG copy were made with either mahogany or alder body, depending on the availability of the wood.
-Samick has stopped manufacturing guitars in Korea.  In 2002, Gibson opened a factory in [[Qingdao]], [[China]], which manufactures Epiphone guitars  and no others. (e.g. the G-400 SG and the [[Les Paul]])
+Samick has stopped manufacturing guitars in Korea.  In 2002, Gibson opened a factory in [[Qingdao]], [[China]], which manufactures Epiphone guitars  and no others.
 Unique Epiphone models, including the Emperor, Zephyr, Riviera and Sheraton, are built to higher quality standards than the company's "Gibson copy" line. Epiphone also produces a range of higher quality instruments under the "Elitist Series" moniker, which are built in Japan. The "Masterbilt" acoustics are manufactured in Qingdao.