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'''Painting''' is the practice of applying [[pigment]] suspended in a carrier (or [[medium]]) and a binding agent (a [[glue]]) to a surface (support) such as [[paper]], [[canvas]] or a wall. This is done by a [[painter]]; this term is used especially if this is his or her [[profession]]. |
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high quality art |
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One possible process for decorative painting of the walls of a room is found in [[Work breakdown structure]]. The word ''painting'' is used in the rest of this article with its [[fine art]] meaning. |
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More specifically this article is about the painting of a surface for artistic reasons, considered by many to be among the most important of the [[art]] forms. |
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== History of Painting == |
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The oldest known paintings are at the [[Grotte Chauvet]] in [[France]], dated at about 32,000 years old. They are engraved and painted using red ochre and black pigment and show horses, rhinoceros, lions, buffalo and mammoth. There are examples of [[cave painting]] occurring all over the world. |
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Today, many of the world's most recognized works of art, such as the [[Mona Lisa]], are paintings. There exists some slight controversy as to whether or not works of art produced in non-traditional ways, or with non-traditional materials, can properly be called paintings. In a general sense artists using [[sound]], light, [[fireworks]], ink-jet pigment, computer monitor [[pixel]]s and even pastel or [[pencil]] all have the same intentions as the more expected water, oil, gouache or egg tempera painters. The resulting work of art is often referred to as a painting. |
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== About paint == |
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[[Paint]] can be composed of pigment, medium, binder and perhaps drying accelerants or retarders, texture enhancers, stablizers and other modifiers. When applied to canvas, a ''ground'' (a primer coat - often [[gesso]]) is usually laid on first to improve adherance of the paint and reduce its wicking into the canvas. |
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[[tool|Tools]] of the painter include the various types of: |
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*[[Artist's brush]] |
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*[[Palette knife]] |
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*[[Palette]] |
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*[[sponge]] |
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*[[finger]]s |
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*[[easel]] |
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as well as [[charcoal]], [[graphite]] [[pencil]], rags or [[paper]] towel, [[mirror]] (an old painter's trick to force a review of a problem painting from a new perspective, as well as for self portraits), [[turpentine]] or oderless paint thinner (often used in a mixture with oil as the medium), a model or subject stand and possibly studio lighting. |
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== Painting techniques == |
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[[Painting techniques]] include: |
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*[[Impasto]] |
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*[[Wash]], drip |
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*[[Glaze]] |
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*[[Encaustic painting|Encaustic]] |
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*[[Mural]] and [[Fresco]] its best known variant |
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*scumble and stipple |
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*[[Sfumato]] |
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*[[Sumi-e]] |
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*[[Panel painting]] |
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*[[New materials (painting)]] and |
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*[[computer painting]]. |
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== Paint mediums == |
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The [[medium]] is the vehicle that the pigment is suspended or embedded in. Almost all [[drawing]] mediums can be used in painting as well. |
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Examples include: |
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*[[Oil painting]], including the newer water-miscible oils |
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*Heat-set oils |
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*[[Acrylic paint]] |
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*[[Gouache]] |
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*[[Ink]] |
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*[[Pastel]], including dry pastels, oil pastels, and pastel pencils |
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*[[Tempera]] |
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*[[Encaustic painting]] (wax) |
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*[[Watercolor painting]] |
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== Popular painting styles == |
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[[Painting Styles]] can be characterized by the method of application (loose or tight) or by referring to the art [[History of painting|movement]] that most closely matches the predominant characteristics that the painting expresses. They include: |
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*[[Realism]] |
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*[[Surrealism]] |
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*[[Impressionism]] |
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*[[Naive art]] |
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*[[Cubism]] |
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*[[Modernism]] |
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*[[Abstract art|Abstract]] |
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*[[Postmodern art|Postmodernism]] |
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*[[Avant Garde]] |
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*[[Constructivism]] |
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*[[Hard-edge]] |
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== Common painting idioms == |
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Painting idioms include: |
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*[[Allegory]] |
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*[[Botanical]] |
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*[[Fantasy]] |
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*[[Figure]] |
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*[[Illustration]] |
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*[[Industrial]] |
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*[[Landscape]] |
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*[[Naturalist]] |
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*[[Portrait]] |
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*[[Science Fiction]] |
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*[[Still Life]] |
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*[[War]] |
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You can read more about the [[Origin of Art]] and see a list of famous [[painters]]. |
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A proposed and yet-unrealised development in painting is [[four dimensional painting]]. |
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==External links== |
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Art-related sites (sources of information for writing Wikipedia articles): |
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*http://www.the-athenaeum.org |
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*http://www.metmuseum.org/ |
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*http://www.artabus.com |
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*http://www.moma.org/docs/menu/index.htm |
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*http://www.artchive.com/ |
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*http://www.rmn.fr/US/index2.html |
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*http://www.sensable.com/ |
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*http://www.virtualberet.org/ |
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*http://www.bostoncyberarts.org/splash.html |
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*http://www.walkerart.org/ |
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*http://www.stunned.org/ |
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*http://www.NextMonet.com/ |
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*http://www.internationalposter.com/ |
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*http://www.bertimosaici.com/ |
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*http://www.musee-orsay.fr:8081/ORSAY/ORSAYGB/HTML |
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*http://frick.org/ |
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*http://artmuseum.net/ |
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*http://www.groveart.com/ |
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*http://www.museovostell.com |
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*http://www.artcrimes.com |
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*http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/welcome.html |
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*http://www.abcgallery.com |
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*http://www.artmagick.com/artists/gloag1.asp |
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*http://www.artunframed.com/ |
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*http://www.moma.org |
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*http://www.francescobonami.com |
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See also: [[Painting basic topics]] |
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[[ca:Pintura]] [[da:Maleri]] [[de:Malerei]] [[eo:Pentrado]] [[es:Pintura]] [[fr:Peinture]] [[ja:絵画]] [[nl:Schilderkunst]] [[pl:Malarstwo]] [[pt:Pintura]] |
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Revision as of 04:56, 23 November 2003
http://www.wwoec.com high quality art