September 28

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September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 94 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

• 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt.
• 351 - Battle of Mursa Major: the Roman Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.
• 365 - Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.
• 935 - Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslav I of Bohemia.
• 995 - Members of Slavník's dynasty - Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.
• 1066 - William the Conqueror invades England: the Norman Conquest begins.
• 1106 - The Battle of Tinchebrai - Henry I of England defeats his brother, Robert Curthose.
• 1322 - Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.
• 1448 - Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
• 1542 - Navigator João Rodrigues Cabrilho of Portugal arrives as what is now San Diego, California, United States.
• 1708 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
• 1779 - American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.
• 1781 - American forces backed by a French fleet begin the siege of Yorktown, Virginia, during the American Revolutionary War.
• 1787 - The newly completed United States Constitution is voted on by the U.S. Congress to be sent to the state legislatures for approval.
• 1844 - Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
• 1867 - Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario.
• 1867 - The United States takes control of Midway Island.
• 1868 - Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.
• 1871 - Brazil passes law freeing future children of slavery.
• 1889 - The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.
• 1928 - UK passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.
• 1939 - Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland after their invasion during World War II.
• 1939 - Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany during World War II.
• 1941 - Major League Baseball: Ted Williams of the Boston Red Sox hits a batting average of .406 that was originally at .3995. He is the last player to have a batting average of .400 or better.
• 1944 - Battle of Arnhem - Germans defeat British airborne at Arnhem, Netherlands.
• 1944 - Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Klooga, Estonia.
• 1958 - France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead.
• 1961 - A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.
• 1962 - Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.
• 1971 - UK passes the Misuse of Drugs Act banning the medicinal use of cannabis.
• 1972 - The Canadian national men's hockey team, led by Paul Henderson, defeat the Soviet Union national ice hockey team 6-5 to win decisive Game 8 of the 1972 Summit Series.
• 1973 - ITT Building in New York City bombed to protest ITT's involvement in the September 11 1973 coup d'état in Chile.
• 1975 - The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people were taken as hostages, takes place in London.
• 1994 - The car ferry MS Estonia sinks in Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.
• 1995 - Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.
• 2000 - Al-Aqsa Intifada: Arial Sharon visits the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
• 2004 - An expected but overdue magnitude 6.0 earthquake hits Parkfield, California

Births

• 551 BC - Confucius, Chinese philosopher (d. 479 BC)
• 58 BC - Livia Drusilla, wife of the Roman emperor Caesar Augustus (d. 29)
• 1330 - Nicolas Flamel, French alchemist (d. 1417?)
• 1493 - Agnolo Firenzuola, Italian poet (d. 1545)
• 1605 - Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer (d. 1694)
• 1667 - Asano Naganori, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
• 1681 - Johann Mattheson, German composer (d. 1764)
• 1705 - Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English statesman (d. 1774)
• 1746 - Sir William Jones, English philologist (d. 1794)
• 1803 - Prosper Mérimée, French author (d. 1870)
• 1821 - Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (d. 1874)
• 1823 - Alexandre Cabanel, French painter (d. 1889)
• 1824 - Francis Turner Palgrave, British critic and poet (d. 1897)
• 1836 - Thomas Crapper, English inventor (d. 1910)
• 1841 - Georges Clemenceau, French politician (d. 1929)
• 1852 - Henri Moissan, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
• 1856 - Kate Douglas Wiggin, American children's author (d. 1923)
• 1861 - Amélie of Orléans, queen of Portugal (d. 1951)
• 1867 - Hiranuma Kiichirō, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1952)
• 1881 - Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (d. 1950)
• 1887 - Avery Brundage, American athlete and sports official (d. 1975)
• 1889 - Jack Fournier, American baseball player (d. 1973)
• 1891 - Myrtle Gonzalez, American actress (d. 1918)
• 1893 - Giannis Skaribas, Greek writer and dramatist (d. 1984)
• 1898 - Carl Clauberg, Nazi concentration camp doctor (d. 1957)
• 1901 - William S. Paley, American radio and television executive (d. 1990)
• 1901 - Ed Sullivan, American television show host (d. 1974)
• 1905 - Max Schmeling, German boxer (d. 2005)
• 1907 - Heikki Savolainen, Finnish gymnast (d. 1997)
• 1907 - Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (d. 1931)
• 1909 - Al Capp, American cartoonist (d. 1979)
• 1913 - Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss artist and illustrator
• 1915 - Ethel Rosenberg, American Communist (d. 1953)
• 1916 - Peter Finch, English-born actor (d. 1977)
• 1918 - Ángel Labruna, Argentinian football player and coach (d. 1983)
• 1923 - John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, British politician (d. 2007)
• 1923 - William Windom, American actor
• 1925 - Seymour Cray, American computer scientist (d. 1996)
• 1925 - Cromwell Everson, South African composer (d. 1991)
• 1925 - Arnold Stang, American actor
• 1926 - Jerry Clower, American comedian (d. 1998)
• 1929 - Lata Mangeshkar, Indian playback singer
• 1932 - Víctor Jara, Chilean folk singer and activist (d. 1973)
• 1933 - Miguel Berrocal, Sculptor (d. 2006)
• 1934 - Brigitte Bardot, French actress
• 1934 - Janet Munro, British actress (d. 1972)
• 1935 - Heather Sears, British actress (d. 1994)
• 1937 - Alice Mahon, English politician and labor leader
• 1937 - Rod Roddy, American television announcer (d. 2003)
• 1938 - Ben E. King, American r&b singer
• 1939 - Stuart Kauffman, American biologist
• 1939 - Rudolph Walker, Trinidadian-born British actor
• 1941 - Edmund Stoiber, German politician
• 1942 - Marshall Bell, American actor
• 1942 - Pierre Clémenti, French actor (d. 1999)
• 1943 - Joel Higgins, American actor
• 1943 - Nick St. Nicholas, Canadian musician (Steppenwolf)
• 1943 - J. T. Walsh, American actor (d. 1998)
• 1943 - Warren Lieberfarb, American media executive
• 1946 - Jeffrey Jones, American actor
• 1946 - Helen Shapiro, English singer
• 1947 - Bob Carr, Australian politician
• 1947 - Sheikh Hasina, Bangladeshi politician
• 1950 - Laurie Lewis, American musician
• 1950 - John Sayles, American director and screenwriter
• 1951 - Wei Chen, Canadian journalist
• 1952 - Sylvia Kristel, Dutch actress
• 1954 - Steve Largent, American football player and U.S. Congressman
• 1954 - George Lynch, American musician (Dokken)
• 1955 - Stéphane Dion, Canadian politician
• 1959 - Ron Fellows, Canadian race car driver
• 1960 - Jennifer Rush, American pop singer
• 1961 - Quentin Kawananakoa, American-born pretender to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaii
• 1962 - Grant Fuhr, Canadian hockey player
• 1963 - Steve Blackman, American professional wrestler
• 1964 - Claudio Borghi, Argentine football manager (Colo-Colo)
• 1964 - Laura Cerón, American actress
• 1964 - Janeane Garofalo, American actress and comedian
• 1964 - Paul Jewell, English football manager
• 1966 - Patricia Beninato, creator of pro-choice Web site I'm Not Sorry.net
• 1966 - Puri Jagannadh, Indian film director
• 1967 - Mira Sorvino, American actress
• 1967 - Moon Unit Zappa, American singer and actress
• 1968 - Mika Häkkinen, Finnish race car driver and two-time F1 world champion
• 1968 - Naomi Watts, English-born actress
• 1969 - Mark Everett, American fugitive
• 1969 - Éric Lapointe, Canadian singer
• 1969 - Nico Vaesen, Belgian footballer
• 1970 - Mike DeJean, American baseball player
• 1970 - Gualter Salles, Brazilian racing driver
• 1971 - Alan Wright, English footballer
• 1972 - Dita Von Teese, American burlesque artist
• 1973 - Jori Hulkkonen, Finnish electronic musician
• 1973 - Brian Rafalski, American ice hockey player
• 1974 - Mariya Kiselyova, Russian swimmer
• 1974 - Joonas Kolkka, Finnish footballer
• 1974 - Shane Webcke, Australian rugby player
• 1974 - John Light, English actor
• 1975 - Lenny Krayzelburg, American swimmer
• 1976 - Fedor Emelianenko, Russian mixed martial artist
• 1977 - Young Jeezy, American Rapper
• 1977 - Se Ri Pak, Korean golfer
• 1978 - Bushido, German rapper
• 1979 - Bam Margera, American skateboarder
• 1981 - José Calderón, Spanish basketball player
• 1981 - Jorge Guagua, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1981 - Gül Gölge, Turkish model and actress
• 1981 - Iracema Trevisan, Brazilian musician (CSS)
• 1982 - Ray Emery, Canadian hockey player
• 1982 - Ranbir Kapoor, Indian Actor
• 1982 - Nolwenn Leroy, French Singer
• 1982 - Emeka Okafor, American basketball player
• 1982 - Dustin Penner, Canadian hockey player
• 1982 - Anderson Varejão, Brazilian basketball player
• 1983 - Stefan Moore, English footballer
• 1984 - Melody Thornton, American singer and dancer
• 1984 - Ryan Zimmerman, American baseball player
• 1986 - Andrés Guardado, Mexican footballer
• 1987 - Hilary Duff, American actress, singer
• 1988 - Esmée Denters, Dutch singer
• 1988 - Aleks Vrteski, Australian footballer
• 1989 - Mark Randall, English footballer
• 1992 - Skye McCole Bartusiak, American actress

Deaths

• 48 BC - Pompey, Roman general and politician (b. 106 BC)
• 235 - Saint Pontianus, Pope
• 876 - Louis the German, King of Eastern Francia (b. 804)
• 935 - Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia (b. 907)
• 1104 - Pedro I, king of Aragon and Navarre (b. 1068)
• 1197 - Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1165)
• 1429 - Cymburgis of Masovia, wife of Duke Ernest of Austria
• 1582 - George Buchanan, Scottish historian (b. 1506)
• 1618 - Joshua Sylvester, English poet (b. 1563)
• 1687 - Francis Turretin, Swiss theologian (b. 1623)
• 1694 - Gabriel Mouton, French scientist (b. 1618)
• 1702 - Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English statesman (b. 1640)
• 1742 - Jean Baptiste Massillon, French churchman (b. 1663)
• 1781 - William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, British diplomat and statesman (b. 1717)
• 1844 - Pyotr Aleksandrovich Tolstoy, Russian general and statesman (b. 1769)
• 1873 - Émile Gaboriau, French writer and journalist (b. 1832)
• 1891 - Herman Melville, American novelist (b. 1819)
• 1895 - Louis Pasteur, French scientist (b. 1822)
• 1914 - Richard Sears, businessman (Sears, Roebuck and Company) (b. 1863)
• 1915 - Saitou Hajime, 3rd squad leader of the Shinsengumi died under name of Goro Fujita (b. 1844)
• 1918 - Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)
• 1918 - Freddie Stowers, American soldier (b. 1896)
• 1935 - W.K. Dickson, Scottish inventor (b. 1860)
• 1953 - Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (b. 1889)
• 1956 - William Edward Boeing, American aviation pioneer (b. 1881)
• 1959 - Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (b. 1901)
• 1964 - Harpo Marx, American comedian and actor (b. 1888)
• 1966 - André Breton, French poet (b. 1896)
• 1970 - John Dos Passos, American novelist (b. 1896)
• 1970 - Gamal Abdel Nasser, the second President of Egypt (b. 1918)
• 1978 - Pope John Paul I (b. 1912)
• 1979 - John Herbert Chapman, Canadian physicist (b. 1921)
• 1981 - Rómulo Betancourt, President of Venezuela (b. 1908)
• 1982 - Mabel Albertson, American actress (b. 1901)
• 1988 - Charles Addams, American cartoonist (b. 1912)
• 1989 - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (b. 1917)
• 1991 - Miles Davis, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1926)
• 1993 - Peter De Vries, American novelist (b. 1910)
• 1993 - Fraser MacPherson, Canadian jazz saxophonist (b. 1928)
• 1994 - José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, Mexican politician (assassinated) (b. 1946)
• 1994 - Harry Saltzman, American film producer (b. 1915)
• 2000 - Pierre Trudeau, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1919)
• 2002 - Patsy Mink, U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1927)
• 2002 - Hartland Molson, Canadian businessman (Molson family), senator and sports executive (Montreal Canadiens) (b. 1907)
• 2003 - Althea Gibson, American tennis player (b. 1927)
• 2003 - Elia Kazan, Greek-born American film director (b. 1909)
• 2003 - George Odlum, Saint Lucian politician (b. 1934)
• 2004 - Geoffrey Beene, American fashion designer (b. 1924)
• 2004 - Scott Muni, American disc jockey (b. 1930)
• 2005 - Constance Baker Motley, American judge (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances

• Czech Republic - Czech Statehood Day.
• Taiwan - Teacher's Day.
• French Republican Calendar - Carotte (Carrot) Day, seventh day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
• Ask a Stupid Question Day
• Feast day of the following RC Saints
  • Leoba
  • St. Wenceslas
  • Lorenzo Ruiz
  • Aaron of Auxerre
• Also see September 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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