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Anatoly Rybakov

Anatoly Naumovich Rybakov (Template:Lang-ru January 14 [O.S. January 1] 1911 - December 23 1998) was a Russian writer, the author of the anti-Stalinist Children of the Arbat trilogy, novel Heavy Sand, and many popular children books including Adventures of Krosh, Dirk, Bronze Bird, etc. One of the last of his works was his memoir The Novel of Memoirs (Роман-Воспоминание) telling about all the different people (from Stalin and Yeltsin to Okudzhava and Tendryakov) he met during his long life. Writer Maria Rybakova is his granddaughter.

Biography

Rybakov was born in the city of Chernigov (now Chernihiv, Ukraine) in a Jewish family^[1]. In 1934 he was arrested by NKVD and exiled to Siberia. After the end of his exile he worked as a transport worker. During the World War II he was a tank commander.

In 1948, he wrote popular children's book Dirk (Кортик). In 1950, he published novel Drivers (Водители) and in 1979, the novel Heavy Sand about the fate of a Jewish family under Nazi occupation.

Heavy sand (Тяжелый Песок) is an epic story of four generations of a Jewish family living in Communist Russia and its life in a ghetto during the Nazi occupation, culminating in their participation in a ghetto uprising. Though the story of the ghetto uprising is fictional, some details of it seem to be based on the the uprising in the Warsaw ghetto. It is believed that the novel is based on numerous stories collected by Rybakov from people who survived Nazi occupation of Ukraine. This story was dubbed the "first Russian Holocaust novel" by one of the Western newspapers of the time.

His most popular novel Children of the Arbat was written and distributed via Samizdat in 1960's, but was not published until 1987 despite having been officially announced for publication in 1966 and 1978 (in both cases publication was canceled at the very last moment by the Soviet Government). The eventual publication of the novel and its sequel was considered a landmark of the nascent Glasnost, as it was one of the first publications of previously forbidden anti-Stalin literature.

Rybakov was a laureate of the USSR and RSFSR state awards. Almost all his books have been made into movies. Rybakov’s books have been published in 52 countries, with overall distribution exceeding 20 million copies.

References

^ Interview with Rybakov (in Russian) – an article in Druzhba Narodov literary magazine, 1999.

External links

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[1] Interview with Rybakov (in Russian) – an article in Druzhba Narodov literary magazine, 1999.

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 In [[1948]], he wrote popular children's book ''Dirk'' (Кортик). In 1950, he published novel ''Drivers'' (Водители) and in [[1979]], the novel ''[[Heavy Sand]]'' about the fate of a [[Jew|Jewish]] family under [[Nazism|Nazi]] occupation.
-''Heavy sand'' is an epic story of four generations of a Jewish family living in Communist Russia and its life in a [[ghetto]] during the Nazi occupation, culminating in their participation in a ghetto uprising. Though the story of the ghetto uprising is fictional, some details of it
+''Heavy sand'' (Тяжелый Песок) is an epic story of four generations of a Jewish family living in Communist Russia and its life in a [[ghetto]] during the Nazi occupation, culminating in their participation in a ghetto uprising. Though the story of the ghetto uprising is fictional, some details of it seem to be based on the the [[Warsaw Ghetto Uprising|uprising in the Warsaw ghetto]]. It is believed that the novel is based on numerous stories collected by Rybakov from people who survived Nazi occupation of Ukraine. This story was dubbed the "first Russian Holocaust novel" by one of the Western newspapers of the time.
-seem to be based on the the [[Warsaw Ghetto Uprising|uprising in the Warsaw ghetto]]. It is believed that the novel is
-based on numerous stories collected by Rybakov from people who survived Nazi occupation in Ukraine. This story was the dubbed "first Russian Holocaust novel" by one of the Western newspapers of the time.
-His most popular novel [[Children of the Arbat|''Children of the Arbat'']] was written and distributed via [[Samizdat]] in [[1960]]'s but was not published until [[1987]] despite been officially announced for publication in [[1966]] and [[1978]] (in both cases the publication was at the very last moment cancelled by the Soviet Government). The eventual publication of the novel and its sequels was considered as a landmark of the nascent [[Glasnost]] as it was one of the first publications of previously forbidden anti-Stalin literature.
+His most popular novel [[Children of the Arbat|''Children of the Arbat'']] was written and distributed via [[Samizdat]] in [[1960]]'s, but was not published until [[1987]] despite having been officially announced for publication in [[1966]] and [[1978]] (in both cases publication was canceled at the very last moment by the Soviet Government). The eventual publication of the novel and its sequel was considered a landmark of the nascent [[Glasnost]], as it was one of the first publications of previously forbidden anti-Stalin literature.
-Rybakov was a laureate of the [[USSR]] and [[RSFSR]] state awards. Almost all his books have been screened. Rybakov’s books have been published in 52 countries, with the overall edition exceeding 20 million copies.
+Rybakov was a laureate of the [[USSR]] and [[RSFSR]] state awards. Almost all his books have been made into movies. Rybakov’s books have been published in 52 countries, with overall distribution exceeding 20 million copies.
 ==References==