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Gloria Steinem
Gloria Steinem
Born	Gloria Steinem
Occupation(s)	Feminist, Journalist
Spouse(s)	David Bale ; (2000 ─ 2003)

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Gloria Marie Steinem (born March 25, 1934) is an American feminist icon, journalist and women's rights advocate. She is the founder and original publisher of Ms. magazine, and was an influential co-convener of the National Women's Political Caucus.

Early life

Steinem was born in Toledo, Ohio. Her mother, Ruth Nuneviller, was of part German descent. Her Jewish-American father, Leo Steinem, was a traveling antiques dealer (with trailer and family in tow) and the son of immigrants from Germany and Poland.^[1] The family split in 1944, when he went to California to find work while Gloria lived with her mother in Toledo. As a child in Toledo, she cared for her ill mother and helped support the family. She also had a sister named Susanne.

Gloria Steinem attended Waite High School in Toledo, then graduated from Western High School in Washington, D.C. She attended Smith College, where she remains active. .

Political awakening and activism

In 1963 she was employed as a Playboy Bunny at the New York Playboy Club to research an article that exposed how women were treated at the clubs. The article was a sensation, making Steinem an in-demand writer in the process.

After conducting a series of celebrity interviews, Steinem eventually got a political assignment covering George McGovern's presidential campaign, which led to a position in a New York magazine. Her 1962 article in Esquire magazine about the way in which women are forced to choose between a career and marriage preceded Betty Friedan's book The Feminine Mystique by one year. She became politically active in the feminist movement, and the media seemed to appoint Steinem as a feminist leader of sorts. Steinem brought other notable feminists to the fore and toured the country with lawyer Florynce Rae "Flo" Kennedy, and in 1971, cofounded the National Women's Political Caucus as well as the Women's Action Alliance.

In 1972, she co-founded the feminist-themed Ms. magazine . When the first regular issue hit the newsstands in July 1972, its 300,000 "one-shot" test copies sold out nationwide in eight days. It generated an astonishing 26,000 subscription orders and over 20,000 reader letters within weeks. Steinem would continue to write for the magazine until it was sold in 1987. The magazine changed hands again in 2001, to the Feminist Majority Foundation; Steinem remains on the masthead as one of six founding editors, and serves on the advisory board.^[2]

Steinem cofounded the Coalition of Labor Union Women in 1974, and participated in the National Conference of Women in Houston, Texas in 1977. She became Ms. magazine's consulting editor when it was revived in 1991, and she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1993. In 1991, Steinem founded Choice USA.

Contrary to popular belief, Steinem did not coin the feminist slogan "A woman needs a man like a fish needs a bicycle." The phrase is actually attributable to Irina Dunn.

Political Campaigns

In contrast to many prominent leaders of the feminist second-wave like Germaine Greer, Kate Millett, and Shulamith Firestone, Steinem was an influential player in the legislative and political arenas. Her involvement in presidential campaigns stretches back to her support of Adlai Stevenson in 1952.

1968 Election

A proponent of civil rights and fierce critic of the war in Vietnam, Steinem was initially drawn to Senator Eugene McCarthy for of his "admirable record" on those issues. But in meeting and hearing him speak, she found him "cautious, uninspired, and dry." Interviewing him for New York Magazine, she called his answers a "fiaso," noting that he gave "not one spontaneous reply." As the campaign progressed, Steinem became baffled at "personally vicious" attacks that McCarthy leveled against his primary opponent Robert Kennedy, even as "his real opponent, Hubert Humphrey, went free."

On a late night radio show, Steinem garnered attention for declaring, "George McGovern is the real Eugene McCarthy."^[3] Steinem had met McGovern in 1963 on the way to an economic conference organized by John Kenneth Galbraith, and had been impressed by his unpretentious manner and genuine consideration of her opinions. Five years later in 1968, Steinem was chosen to pitch the arguments to McGovern as to why he should enter the presidential race that year. He agreed, and Steinem "consecutively or simulataneously served as pamphlet writer, advance "man," fund raiser, lobbyist of delegates, errand runner, and press secretary."

McGovern lost the nomination in the infamous 1968 Democratic Convention. Steinem gave McGovern credit for standing on the platform with Humphrey in a show of unity after Humphrey had clenched the nomination, whereas McCarthy refused the same gesture. She later wrote of her astonishment at Humphrey's "refusal even to suggest to Chicago Mayor Daley that he control the rampaging police and the bloodshed in the streets."^[4]

1972 Election

By the 1972 election, the women's movement was rapidly expanding its political power. Steinem, along with Congresswommen Shirley Chisholm and Bella Abzug, had founded the National Women's Political Caucus in July of 1971.^[5]

Nevertheless, Steinem was reluctant to re-join the McGovern campaign. Though she had brought in McGovern's single largest campaign contributor in 1968, she "still had been treated like a frivolous pariah by much of McGovern's campaign staff." And in April 1972, Steinem remarked that he "still doesn't understand the women's movement."

McGovern ultimately excised the abortion issue from the party's platform. (Recent publications show McGovern was deeply conflicted on the issue.^[6].) Actress and activist Shirley MacLaine, though privately supporting abortion rights, urged the delegates to vote against the plank. Steinem later wrote this description of the events:

The concensus of the meeting of women delegates held by the caucus had been to fight for the minority plank on reproductive freedom; indeed our vote had supported the plank nine to one. So fight we did, with three women delegates speaking eloquently in its favor as a constitutional right. One male Right-to-Life zealot spoke against, and Shirley MacLaine also was an opposition speaker, on the grounds that this was a fundamental right but didn't belong in the platform. We made a good showing. Clearly we would have won if McGovern's forces had left their delegates uninstructed and thus able to vote their consciences.^[7]

Germaine Greer flatly contradicted Steinem's account. Having recently gained public notoriety for her feminist manifesto The Female Eunuch and sparrings with Norman Mailer, Greer was commisioned to cover the convention for Harper's Magazine. Greer criticized Steinem's "controlled jubilation" that 38% of the delegates were women, ignoring that "many delegations had merely stacked themselves with token females...The McGovern machine had already pulled the rug out from under them."

Greer leveled her most searing critique on Steinem for her capitulation on abortion rights. Greer reported, "Jacqui Ceballos called from the crowd to demand abortion rights on the Democratic platform, but Bella [Abzug] and Gloria stared glassily out into the room," thus killing the abortion rights platform. Greer asks, "Why had Bella and Gloria not helped Jacqui to nail him on abortion? What reticence, what loserism had afflicted them?"

The cover of Harper's that month read, "Womanlike, they did not want to get tough with their man, and so, womanlike, they got screwed."?^[8]

More recent life

In the 1980s and 1990s, Steinem had to deal with a number of personal setbacks, including the diagnoses of breast cancer in 1986^[9] and trigeminal neuralgia in 1994.

According to two Frontline features (aired in 1995) and Ms. magazine, Steinem became an advocate for children she believed had been sexually abused by caretakers in day care centers (such as the McMartin preschool case).^[10]^[11]^[12]

In a 1998 press interview, Steinem weighed in on the Clinton impeachment hearings when asked whether President Bill Clinton should be impeached for lying under oath, she was quoted as saying, "Clinton should be censured for lying under oath about Lewinsky in the Paula Jones deposition, perhaps also for stupidity in answering at all." ^[13]

On September 3, 2000, at age 66, she married David Bale, father of actor Christian Bale. The wedding was performed at the home of her friend Wilma Mankiller, formerly the first female Chief of the Cherokee Nation. Steinem and Bale were married for only three years before he died of brain lymphoma on December 30, 2003, at age 62.

In 2005, Steinem appeared in the documentary film, I Had an Abortion, by Jennifer Baumgardner and Gillian Aldrich. In the film, Steinem described the abortion she had as a young woman in London, where she lived briefly before studying in India. Steinem was also a member of Democratic Socialists of America, and an advisory board member of Women's Voices. Women Vote.

In May 2007, she was the commencement speaker at Smith College - her alma mater.

Canadian singer-songwriter David Usher penned a song titled "Love Will Save The Day," which includes sound bytes from Steinem speeches. The song's opening contains her statement, "It really is a revolution," and the ending breaks for the quote, "We are talking about a society in which there will be no roles other than those chosen or those earned; we are really talking about humanism." In the credits of the movie V for Vendetta, this last speech is also quoted.

Steinem has been an active political participant in the 2008 election. She made headlines for a New York Times op-ed in which she called gender "probably the most restricting force in an American life," rather than race. She elaborated, "Black men were given the vote a half-century before women of any race were allowed to mark a ballot, and generally have ascended to positions of power, from the military to the boardroom, before any women."^[14]

Criticism

Steinem has enjoyed widespread recognition in the US, and so has been a popular target for those critical of feminism generally. Within the feminist movement she has been criticized by radical feminists for what is seen as a liberal approach that makes too many concessions to patriarchy -- notably, her involvement with the CIA was exposed in 1975 by the the left-wing Redstockings. More recently, Gloria Steinem's marriage in September 2000 caused some controversy among feminists as Steinem had been a long time critic of the institution of marriage. Her late husband, David Bale, faced deportation charges for overstaying his visa, but his marriage to Steinem earned him conditional residency.

List of works

The Thousand Indias (1957)
The Beach Book (1963)
Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions (1983)
Marilyn: Norma Jean (1986)
Revolution from Within (1992)
Moving beyond Words (1993)

Quotes

"Evil is obvious only in retrospect."
"The first problem for all of us, men and women, is not to learn but to unlearn."

Biography

The Education of A Woman: The Life and Times of Gloria Steinem by Carolyn Heilbrun 1995

Footnotes

^ http://www.wargs.com/other/steinem.html
^ Ms. Magazine History
^ Miroff, Bruce. The Liberals' Moment: The McGovern Insurgency and the Identity Crisis of the Democratic Party. University Press of Kansas, 2007. pp. 206
^ Steinem, Gloria. Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1984. pp. 71-97.
^ Miroff. pp. 205.
^ Miroff. pp. 207.
^ Steinem, Gloria. Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1984. pp. 100-110.
^ Harper's Magazine 1972.
^ [1]
^ [2]
^ [3]
^ [4]
^ "Steinem Wants Clinton Censured, Not Impeached". Reuters: September 28, 1998. Retrieved 2007-06-08.
^ Steinem, Gloria. New York Times: Women are Never the Front-runners

External links

Template:Persondata

[1] ttp://www.wargs.com/other/steinem.html

[2] Ms. Magazine History

[3] Miroff, Bruce. The Liberals' Moment: The McGovern Insurgency and the Identity Crisis of the Democratic Party. University Press of Kansas, 2007. pp. 206

[4] Steinem, Gloria. Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1984. pp. 71-97.

[5] Miroff. pp. 205.

[6] Miroff. pp. 207.

[7] Steinem, Gloria. Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1984. pp. 100-110.

[8] Harper's Magazine 1972.

[9] [1]

[10] [2]

[11] [3]

[12] [4]

[13] "Steinem Wants Clinton Censured, Not Impeached". Reuters: September 28, 1998. Retrieved 2007-06-08.

[14] Steinem, Gloria. New York Times: Women are Never the Front-runners

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 }}
-'''Gloria Marie Steinem''' (born [[March 25]], [[1934]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[feminism|feminist]] icon, [[journalist]] and women's rights advocate. She is the founder and original publisher of ''[[Ms. magazine|Ms.]]'' magazine.
+'''Gloria Marie Steinem''' (born [[March 25]], [[1934]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[feminism|feminist]] icon, [[journalist]] and women's rights advocate. She is the founder and original publisher of ''[[Ms. magazine|Ms.]]'' magazine, and was an influential co-convener of the [[National Women's Political Caucus]].
 __TOC__
 == Early life ==
 Steinem was born in [[Toledo, Ohio]]. Her mother, Ruth Nuneviller, was of part German descent. Her [[Jewish-American]] father, Leo Steinem, was a traveling antiques dealer (with trailer and family in tow) and the son of immigrants from [[Germany]] and [[Poland]].<ref>http://www.wargs.com/other/steinem.html</ref> The family split in [[1944]], when he went to [[California]] to find work while Gloria lived with her mother in Toledo. As a child in Toledo, she cared for her ill mother and helped support the family. She also had a sister named Susanne.
-Gloria Steinem attended [[Waite High School (Toledo, Ohio)|Waite High School]] in Toledo, then graduated from Western High School in [[Washington, D.C.]] She attended [[Smith College]], where she remains active.  In 1963 she was employed as a [[Playboy Bunny]] at the New York Playboy Club to research an article that exposed how women were treated at the clubs. The article was a sensation, making Steinem an in-demand writer in the process. However, she later stated that she regretted writing the article, because the public associated it too much with her.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
+Gloria Steinem attended [[Waite High School (Toledo, Ohio)|Waite High School]] in Toledo, then graduated from Western High School in [[Washington, D.C.]] She attended [[Smith College]], where she remains active.
 .
 ==Political awakening and activism ==
 [[Image:Gloria Steinem at news conference, Women's Action Alliance, January 12, 1972.jpg|right|thumb|Gloria Steinem at news conference, Women's Action Alliance, January 12, 1972]]
+In 1963 she was employed as a [[Playboy Bunny]] at the New York Playboy Club to research an article that exposed how women were treated at the clubs. The article was a sensation, making Steinem an in-demand writer in the process.
-After conducting a series of celebrity interviews, Steinem eventually got a political assignment covering [[George McGovern]]'s presidential campaign, which led to a position in a [[New York (magazine) | New York]] magazine. Her 1962 article in ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' magazine about the way in which women are forced to choose between a career and marriage preceded [[Betty Friedan]]'s book ''[[The Feminine Mystique]]'' by one year. She became politically active in the feminist movement, and the media seemed to appoint Steinem as a feminist leader of sorts. Steinem brought other notable feminists to the fore and toured the country with lawyer [[Florynce Kennedy|Florynce Rae "Flo" Kennedy]], and in 1971, cofounded the [[National Women's Political Caucus]] as well as the [[Women's Action Alliance]]. In 1972, she helped start the feminist [[Ms. magazine|''Ms.'' magazine]] and wrote for the magazine until it was sold in 1987. The magazine was sold again in 2001, to the [[Feminist Majority Foundation]]; Steinem remains on the masthead as one of six founding editors, and serves on the advisory board.
+After conducting a series of celebrity interviews, Steinem eventually got a political assignment covering [[George McGovern]]'s presidential campaign, which led to a position in a [[New York (magazine) | New York]] magazine. Her 1962 article in ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' magazine about the way in which women are forced to choose between a career and marriage preceded [[Betty Friedan]]'s book ''[[The Feminine Mystique]]'' by one year. She became politically active in the feminist movement, and the media seemed to appoint Steinem as a feminist leader of sorts. Steinem brought other notable feminists to the fore and toured the country with lawyer [[Florynce Kennedy|Florynce Rae "Flo" Kennedy]], and in 1971, cofounded the [[National Women's Political Caucus]] as well as the [[Women's Action Alliance]].
-Steinem cofounded the [[Coalition of Labor Union Women]] in 1974, and participated in the National Conference of Women in [[Houston, Texas]] in 1977. She became ''Ms.'' magazine's consulting editor when it was revived in 1991, and  she was inducted into the [[National Women's Hall of Fame]] in 1993. In 1991, Steinem founded [[Choice USA]].
+In 1972, she co-founded the feminist-themed [[Ms. magazine|''Ms.'' magazine]] . When the first regular issue hit the newsstands in July 1972, its 300,000 "one-shot" test copies sold out nationwide in eight days. It generated an astonishing 26,000 subscription orders and over 20,000 reader letters within weeks. Steinem would continue to write for the magazine until it was sold in 1987. The magazine changed hands again in 2001, to the [[Feminist Majority Foundation]]; Steinem remains on the masthead as one of six founding editors, and serves on the advisory board.<ref>[http://www.msmagazine.com/about.asp/ ''Ms. Magazine History'']</ref>
-In a 1998 press interview, Steinem weighed in on the Clinton impeachment hearings when asked whether President [[Bill Clinton]] should be impeached for lying under oath, she was quoted as saying, "Clinton should be censured for lying under oath about Lewinsky in the Paula Jones deposition, perhaps also for stupidity in answering at all." <ref>{{cite web |url =http://www.feminist.org/news/newsbyte/uswirestory.asp?id=852 |title=Steinem Wants Clinton Censured, Not Impeached |accessdate =2007-06-08 | publisher =Reuters: September 28, 1998}}</ref>
+Steinem cofounded the [[Coalition of Labor Union Women]] in 1974, and participated in the National Conference of Women in [[Houston, Texas]] in 1977. She became ''Ms.'' magazine's consulting editor when it was revived in 1991, and  she was inducted into the [[National Women's Hall of Fame]] in 1993. In 1991, Steinem founded [[Choice USA]].
 Contrary to popular belief, Steinem did not coin the feminist slogan "A woman needs a man like a fish needs a bicycle." The phrase is actually attributable to [[Irina Dunn]].
-== Criticism ==
+==Political Campaigns==
+In contrast to many prominent leaders of the feminist second-wave like [[Germaine Greer]], [[Kate Millett]], and [[Shulamith Firestone]], Steinem was an influential player in the legislative and political arenas.  Her involvement in presidential campaigns stretches back to her support of [[Adlai Stevenson]] in 1952.
+===1968 Election===
-Steinem has enjoyed widespread recognition in the US, and so has been a popular target for those [[antifeminism|critical of feminism]] generally.  Within the feminist movement she has been criticized by [[radical feminists]] for what is seen as a [[liberal]] approach that makes too many concessions to [[patriarchy]] -- notably, her [http://www.nytimes.com/1976/07/04/books/friedan-changed.html involvement] with the [[Operation Mockingbird|CIA]] was exposed in 1975 by the the left-wing [[Redstockings]].  More recently, Gloria Steinem's marriage in September 2000 caused some controversy among feminists as Steinem had been a long time critic of the institution of marriage.  Her late husband, [[David Bale]], faced deportation charges for overstaying his visa, but his marriage to Steinem earned him conditional residency.
+A proponent of civil rights and fierce critic of the [[war in Vietnam]], Steinem was initially drawn to Senator [[Eugene McCarthy]] for of his "admirable record" on those issues.  But in meeting and hearing him speak, she found him "cautious, uninspired, and dry."  Interviewing him for New York Magazine, she called his answers a "fiaso," noting that he gave "not one spontaneous reply."  As the campaign progressed, Steinem became baffled at "personally vicious" attacks that McCarthy leveled against his primary opponent [[Robert Kennedy]], even as "his real opponent, [[Hubert Humphrey]], went free."
+On a late night radio show, Steinem garnered attention for declaring, "[[George McGovern]] is the real Eugene McCarthy."<ref>Miroff, Bruce. ''The Liberals' Moment: The McGovern Insurgency and the Identity Crisis of the Democratic Party''.  University Press of Kansas, 2007.  pp. 206</ref>   Steinem had met McGovern in 1963 on the way to an economic conference organized by [[John Kenneth Galbraith]], and had been impressed by his unpretentious manner and genuine consideration of her opinions.  Five years later in 1968, Steinem was chosen to pitch the arguments to McGovern as to why he should enter the presidential race that year.  He agreed, and Steinem "consecutively or simulataneously served as pamphlet writer, advance "man," fund raiser, lobbyist of delegates, errand runner, and press secretary."
+McGovern lost the nomination in the infamous 1968 Democratic Convention.  Steinem gave McGovern credit for standing on the platform with Humphrey in a show of unity after Humphrey had clenched the nomination, whereas McCarthy refused the same gesture. She later wrote of her astonishment at Humphrey's "refusal even to suggest to Chicago Mayor Daley that he control the rampaging police and the bloodshed in the streets."<ref>Steinem, Gloria.  ''Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions''.  New York:  Henry Holt & Co., 1984. pp. 71-97.</ref>
+===1972 Election===
+By the 1972 election, the women's movement was rapidly expanding its political power.  Steinem, along with Congresswommen [[Shirley Chisholm]] and [[Bella Abzug]], had founded the [[National Women's Political Caucus]] in July of 1971.<ref>Miroff. pp. 205.</ref>
+Nevertheless, Steinem was reluctant to re-join the McGovern campaign. Though she had brought in McGovern's single largest campaign contributor in 1968, she "''still'' had been treated like a frivolous pariah by much of McGovern's campaign staff."  And in April 1972, Steinem remarked that he "still doesn't understand the women's movement."
+McGovern ultimately excised the abortion issue from the party's platform.  (Recent publications show McGovern was deeply conflicted on the issue.<ref>Miroff. pp. 207.</ref>.) Actress and activist [[Shirley MacLaine]], though privately supporting abortion rights, urged the delegates to vote against the plank.  Steinem later wrote this description of the events:
+{{cquote|The concensus of the meeting of women delegates held by the caucus had been to fight for the minority plank on reproductive freedom; indeed our vote had supported the plank nine to one.  So fight we did, with three women delegates speaking eloquently in its favor as a constitutional right.  One male Right-to-Life zealot spoke against, and Shirley MacLaine also was an opposition speaker, on the grounds that this ''was'' a fundamental right but didn't belong in the platform.
+We made a good showing.  Clearly we would have won if McGovern's forces had left their delegates uninstructed and thus able to vote their consciences.<ref>Steinem, Gloria.  ''Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions''.  New York:  Henry Holt & Co., 1984. pp. 100-110.</ref>}}
+[[Germaine Greer]] flatly contradicted Steinem's account.  Having recently gained public notoriety for her feminist manifesto [[The Female Eunuch]] and sparrings with [[Norman Mailer]], Greer was commisioned to cover the convention for [[Harper's Magazine]].  Greer criticized Steinem's "controlled jubilation" that 38% of the delegates were women, ignoring that "many delegations had merely stacked themselves with token females...The McGovern machine had already pulled the rug out from under them."
+Greer leveled her most searing critique on Steinem for her capitulation on abortion rights.  Greer reported, "Jacqui Ceballos called from the crowd to demand abortion rights on the Democratic platform, but Bella [Abzug] and Gloria stared glassily out into the room," thus killing the abortion rights platform.  Greer asks, "Why had Bella and Gloria not helped Jacqui to nail him on abortion?  What reticence, what loserism had afflicted them?"
+The cover of Harper's that month read, "Womanlike, they did not want to get tough with their man, and so, womanlike, they got screwed."?<ref>Harper's Magazine 1972.</ref>
 == More recent life ==
@@ Line 35: / Line 58: @@
 According to two [[Frontline (US TV series)|''Frontline'']] features (aired in 1995) and ''Ms.'' magazine, Steinem became an advocate for children she believed had been sexually abused by caretakers in day care centers (such as the [[McMartin preschool]] case).<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE2DB1638F937A15753C1A963958260]</ref><ref>[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/flfeedback/readflfeedbacksatan.html]</ref><ref>[http://www.rickross.com/reference/satanism/satanism61.html]</ref>
+In a 1998 press interview, Steinem weighed in on the Clinton impeachment hearings when asked whether President [[Bill Clinton]] should be impeached for lying under oath, she was quoted as saying, "Clinton should be censured for lying under oath about Lewinsky in the Paula Jones deposition, perhaps also for stupidity in answering at all." <ref>{{cite web |url =http://www.feminist.org/news/newsbyte/uswirestory.asp?id=852 |title=Steinem Wants Clinton Censured, Not Impeached |accessdate =2007-06-08 | publisher =Reuters: September 28, 1998}}</ref>
 On [[September 3]], [[2000]], at age [[66]], she married [[David Bale]], father of actor [[Christian Bale]]. The wedding was performed at the home of her friend [[Wilma Mankiller]], formerly the first female [[Tribal chief|Chief]] of the [[Cherokee Nation]]. Steinem and Bale were married for only three years before he died of brain [[lymphoma]] on [[December 30]], [[2003]], at age 62.
@@ Line 45: / Line 70: @@
 Steinem has been an active political participant in the 2008 election.  She made headlines for a [[New York Times]] op-ed in which she called [[gender]] "probably the most restricting force in an American life," rather than race.  She elaborated, "Black men were given the vote a half-century before women of any race were allowed to mark a ballot, and generally have ascended to positions of power, from the military to the boardroom, before any women."<ref>Steinem, Gloria. New York Times: [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/opinion/08steinem.html?_r=1/ ''Women are Never the Front-runners'']</ref>
+== Criticism ==
+Steinem has enjoyed widespread recognition in the US, and so has been a popular target for those [[antifeminism|critical of feminism]] generally.  Within the feminist movement she has been criticized by [[radical feminists]] for what is seen as a [[liberal]] approach that makes too many concessions to [[patriarchy]] -- notably, her [http://www.nytimes.com/1976/07/04/books/friedan-changed.html involvement] with the [[Operation Mockingbird|CIA]] was exposed in 1975 by the the left-wing [[Redstockings]].  More recently, Gloria Steinem's marriage in September 2000 caused some controversy among feminists as Steinem had been a long time critic of the institution of marriage.  Her late husband, [[David Bale]], faced deportation charges for overstaying his visa, but his marriage to Steinem earned him conditional residency.
 ==List of works==