Bowling: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Bowlerbowling.JPG|thumb|250px|A ten-pin bowler releases the ball.]] |
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''' Bowling''' is a [[sport]] in which players attempt to score points by rolling a [[bowling ball]] along a flat surface called the lane into objects called [[Bowling pin|pins]]. There are many forms of bowling, with the earliest dating back to [[ancient Egypt]]<ref>http://ububu.com/Bowling.html</ref>, while other instances where bowling was first seen can be traced to ancient [[Finland]] and [[Yemen]], and much later in 300 A.D. in [[Germany]].{{Fact|date=April 2008}} |
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== Indoor variations == |
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[[Image:BryantLake.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Bryant-Lake Bowl]]ing Lanes in [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]]]] |
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Included in the indoor category: |
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*[[Ten-pin bowling]]: In the United States, tenpins is the best known form of bowling, which in both [[amateur]] and [[professional]] versions, is also played around the world, making it one of the largest participation activities. The balls have two or more drilled holes in which to insert fingers for gripping the ball. |
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*[[Candlepin bowling]]: Played in eastern Canada and in [[New England]], a variation of ten-pin bowling, with "double-ended" pins that are the tallest in any bowling sport. |
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*[[Duckpin bowling]]: Commonly found in the mid-Atlantic and southern New England states and eastern [[Canada]], is another variation of ten-pin bowling involving small, squat pins, sometimes with rubber at their widest points (rubber band duckpin bowling). The official small pin is about 9 3/8 inches (24 cm) high and 4 1/8 inches (10 cm) in diameter at its widest part. It weighs no more than 1 pound 8½ ounces (700g). The standard duckpin ball has no finger holes. The maximum diameter is 5 inches (13 cm). For duckpins and candlepins, the maximum weight of the ball is 4 pounds 12 oz (1.7 kg). |
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*[[Five-pin bowling]]: Played in [[Canada]]. |
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*[[Skittles (sport)|Nine-pin skittles]]: Played in Europe. |
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*Bumper bowling: Ten-pin bowling played with the addition of barriers to the channels, making "gutter balls" nearly impossible, popular with children's parties. |
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the main object of the sport is to score 300 points and 100 knock downs |
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Some variations on ten-pin bowling: |
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*[[3-6-9 bowling]]: Special form of ten-pin bowling where the 3rd, 6th and 9th frame already have strikes in them. |
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*[[Low-Ball Bowling]]: Wses a standard ten-pin setup, but the object is to bowl the lowest score by aiming at only the seven or ten pins. Strikes and spares are scored identically as in ten-pin bowling, and gutter balls are scored as strikes. At least one pin must be knocked down per delivery, so a miss on the first ball must be recorded as a strike (only a gutter ball can result in this). If the second ball is thrown and it misses pins without going in the gutter, it's recorded as a spare. A perfect low-ball score is 20 (1 pin on each of 2 balls per frame). |
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*[[11-Frame Game]]: A variation on the regular 10-frame game, in which the bowler must select a frame to bowl again, like a forced [[mulligan]]. The bowler may choose any frame except the tenth, and cannot refuse the extra frame. This may help bowlers who may have a bad frame, but may potentially hurt bowlers with an already solid game. This format is normally only seen during "for-fun" competitions. |
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*[[Beruit Bowling]]: Game usually played in teams with two lanes. Similar to a rally race, the first team to have all their teammates make a strike are the winners. The game begins with two players, one in each lane; after the first strike is made, the player takes a seat and the next team mate steps up to bowl. Usually played in a 10 pin game, and can also be played with candle pin. |
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*[[No-Tap Bowling]]: No-Tap bowling is played with the standard ten-pin setup. In a no-tap game the scoring is the same, but rolling a nine (all the way down to six in some cases) on your first ball results in a strike. A split without the head-pin counts as a spare in other variants of this game. |
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*[[Baker System Bowling]]: Baker system bowling is a team sport. There are generally 5 players that bowl one game. Player 1 bowls frames 1 and 6. Player 2 bowls frames 2 and 7. And so on. Widely seen in High schools and colleges. If the team has more or fewer than 5 players, then players cycle throughout the game. In the case of a 4-player Baker team, player 1 will bowl frames 1, 5, and 9. Similarly, in a 6-person lineup, player 1 will bowl frames 1 and 7, and players 5 and 6 will only bowl one frame. |
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*[[Scotch Doubles]]: A two-person format in which one player throws only the first ball, and the second player throws only the second ball. Players usually alternate between games since a strike means that the second bowler doesn't bowl at all. (In some forms of Scotch Doubles, if the first player rolls a strike, the players switch positions - the second player rolls the first ball of the next frame.) |
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*"Xtreme bowling", "Nitro Bowling," "Glow Bowling," "Disco Bowling", "Moonlight Bowling" or "Cosmic Bowling" is offered in many ten-pin bowling centers to present bowling as entertainment. It involves the use of [[blacklight]]s, fluorescent pins, loud music, colored pins, and often prizes to create a dazzling atmosphere. |
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*[[Turkey Bowling]]: An annual event in some communities in the United States. Turkey Bowling is a fundraiser for a local food bank, where teams compete for top bowling honors. Each team score consists of not only two bowling games, but also spirit points. Teams are awarded additional points for "flair," items which are given to bowlers who get strikes (leis) and spares (top hats). Teams lose points for sombreros, given for gutter balls. The top two individual bowlers are given the gold and silver pin, and the lowest score receives a black bowling pin. The top three teams are also recognized. Turkey Bowlers are judged by two to four referees who award and subtract points as they see fit. |
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For nearly a century, ten-pin bowling lanes had a surface made of wood. Beginning about 1980, most ten-pin lane surfaces have been converted to or built with a synthetic material called "Guardian", imitating a wooden surface. In ten-pin bowling, a building containing many lanes has traditionally been called a bowling "alley." Some such buildings have recently called themselves "bowling centers" or "bowl-a-ramas" instead to avoid the negative connotation of [[alley]]s. |
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==Outdoor variations== |
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The second category of bowling is usually played outdoors on a lawn. At outdoor bowling, the players throw a ball, which is sometimes eccentrically weighted, in an attempt to put it closest to a designated point or slot in the bowling arena. |
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Included in the outdoor category: |
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* [[Bowls|Lawn bowls]] |
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* [[Bocce]] |
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* [[Pétanque]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==See also== |
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*[[Pin setter]] |
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*[[Skittles (sport)|Skittles]] — the sport from which "alley" based Bowling originated |
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*[[Skee ball]] — a game that plays similar to bowling |
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*[[Pin shooting]] — a pistol shooting |
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== Bowling's competitions == |
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* [[Asian Games]] |
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* [[Panamerican Games]] |
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* [[South East Asian Games]] |
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* [[Olympic Games]] |
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{{Bowling}} |
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{{Team Sport}} |
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[[Category:Sports]] |
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[[Category:Bowling|*]] |
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[[Category:Leisure activities]] |
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[[Category:Sports rules and regulations]] |
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[[ar:بولينج]] |
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[[bg:Боулинг]] |
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[[el:Μπόουλινγκ]] |
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[[es:Bolo americano]] |
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[[ko:볼링]] |
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[[he:כדורת]] |
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[[ka:ბოულინგი]] |
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[[ky:Боулинг]] |
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[[ja:ボウリング]] |
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[[ru:Боулинг]] |
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[[zh:保齡球]] |
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