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==Personal and political positions on selected issues==
==Personal and political positions on selected issues==
Bobby Jindal has a 100% pro-life voting record according to the [[National Right to Life Committee]].<ref>http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm</ref><ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/timespicayune/access/411033701.html?dids=411033701:411033701&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+20%2C+2003&author=&pub=Times+-+Picayune&edition=&startpage=01&desc=Candidates+for+governor+answer+questions+about+social+issues “Candidates for governor answer questions about social issues”], Times Picayune ([[2003-09-20]]): “Q: Under what circumstances, if any, do you believe an abortion should be allowed?....JINDAL: I am 100 percent pro-life with no exceptions. I believe all life is precious.”</ref> He opposes abortion without exception.<ref>http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml</ref> However, he does not condemn medical procedures meant to save the life of a pregnant woman that would indirectly cause the termination of the pregnancy.<ref>Sentell, Will and Dyer, Scott. [http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AD&p_theme=ad&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FEC6C97E8FB05E0&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM “Abortion flier offends Jindal”], ''Baton Rouge Advocate'' ([[2003-11-11]]): "He said he does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that result indirectly in the loss of the unborn child as a secondary effect."</ref><ref>http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml</ref> Jindal also supports the use of em embryonic ergency contraception in the case of rape.<ref>http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml</ref> He opposes stem cell research<ref>http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1668433,00.html</ref> and voted against increasing federal funding to expand embryonic stem cell lines.<ref>http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm</ref>
Bobby Jindal has a 100% pro-life voting record according to the [[National Right to Life Committee]].<ref>http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm</ref><ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/timespicayune/access/411033701.html?dids=411033701:411033701&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+20%2C+2003&author=&pub=Times+-+Picayune&edition=&startpage=01&desc=Candidates+for+governor+answer+questions+about+social+issues “Candidates for governor answer questions about social issues”], Times Picayune ([[2003-09-20]]): “Q: Under what circumstances, if any, do you believe an abortion should be allowed?....JINDAL: I am 100 percent pro-life with no exceptions. I believe all life is precious.”</ref> He opposes abortion without exception.<ref>http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml</ref> However, he does not condemn medical procedures meant to save the life of a pregnant woman that would indirectly cause the termination of the pregnancy.<ref>Sentell, Will and Dyer, Scott. [http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AD&p_theme=ad&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FEC6C97E8FB05E0&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM “Abortion flier offends Jindal”], ''Baton Rouge Advocate'' ([[2003-11-11]]): "He said he does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that result indirectly in the loss of the unborn child as a secondary effect."</ref><ref>http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml</ref> Jindal also supports the use of embryonic emergency contraception in the case of rape.<ref>http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml</ref> He opposes stem cell research<ref>http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1668433,00.html</ref> and voted against increasing federal funding to expand embryonic stem cell lines.<ref>http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm</ref>


Jindal supports the teaching of [[intelligent design]] in [[public school]]s.<ref name="second">[http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1668433,00.html The Second Coming of Bobby Jindal] ''http://www.time.com</ref> He addressed this issue during a September 2007 televised gubernatorial debate:
Jindal supports the teaching of [[intelligent design]] in [[public school]]s.<ref name="second">[http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1668433,00.html The Second Coming of Bobby Jindal] ''http://www.time.com</ref> He addressed this issue during a September 2007 televised gubernatorial debate:

Revision as of 18:47, 16 June 2008

Bobby Jindal
55th Governor of Louisiana
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 14 2008
LieutenantMitch Landrieu
Preceded byKathleen Blanco
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Louisiana's 1st district
In office
January 3 2005 – January 14 2008
Preceded byDavid Vitter
Succeeded bySteve Scalise
Personal details
Born (1971-06-10) June 10, 1971 (age 53)
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Political partyRepublican
SpouseSupriya Jolly Jindal
ChildrenSelia Elizabeth
Shaan Robert
Slade Ryan
ProfessionPolitician

Piyush "Bobby" Jindal (born June 10, 1971) is a Republican politician, and the current governor of the U.S. state of Louisiana.[1] Before his election as governor, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana's 1st congressional district, where he was elected in 2004 to succeed current U.S. Senator David Vitter. Jindal was re-elected to Congress in the 2006 election with 88 percent of the vote. Jindal was the second Indian-American to serve in Congress.

On October 20, 2007, Jindal was elected governor of Louisiana, winning a four-way race with 54% of the vote. At age 36, Jindal became the youngest current governor in the United States. He also became the first non-white to serve as governor of Louisiana since Reconstruction, the first elected Indian-American governor in U.S. history, as well as the second Asian-American governor to serve in the continental United States after Gary Locke of Washington.

Personal life

Jindal (Template:PronEng) was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana to recently arrived Punjabi Indian immigrants Amar and Raj Jindal, who were attending graduate school. His father left India and his ancestral family village of Khanpura in 1970.[2] His mother, Raj Jindal, is an information technology director for the Louisiana Department of Labor.[3] According to family lore, Jindal adopted the name "Bobby" after watching The Brady Bunch television program at age four. He has been known by that name ever since—as a civil servant, politician, student, and writer—though legally his name remains Piyush Jindal.[4]

File:Bobby&Supriya.jpg
Gov. Jindal with First lady Supriya Jindal and son Shaan

Jindal was a Hindu, but converted to Catholicism in high school.[5] He has also offered his religious testimony before Baptist and Pentecostal congregations.[6] He attended public school at Baton Rouge Magnet High School and graduated when he was sixteen. In 1992, he graduated from Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, with honors in biology and public policy. Afterwards, he received a master's degree in political science from New College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar.

After Oxford, he joined McKinsey & Company, a consulting firm, where he advised Fortune 500 companies. Most notable was his work for Indian tycoon Lakshmi Mittal of Arcelor Mittal.[citation needed]

In 1997, Jindal married Supriya Jolly (born 1972). The couple has three children: Selia Elizabeth, Shaan Robert, and Slade Ryan. On August 15, 2006, he assisted in delivering his third child when his wife awoke from sleep in labor.[7]

Government service

In 1995, Republican U.S. Representative Jim McCrery (for whom Jindal had once worked as a summer intern) introduced Jindal to Republican Governor Murphy J. Foster, Jr.[8] In 1996, Foster appointed Jindal to be secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, an agency which then represented about 40 percent of the state budget. During his tenure as secretary, Louisiana's Medicaid program went from bankruptcy with a $400 million deficit into three years of surpluses totaling $220 million. Jindal was criticized during the 2007 campaign by the Louisiana AFL-CIO for having closed some local clinics to balance the budget.[9] In 1998, Jindal was appointed executive director of the National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare, a 17-member panel charged with devising plans to reform Medicare.

In 1999, at the request of the Louisiana Governor's Office and the Louisiana State Legislature, Jindal volunteered his time to study how Louisiana might use its $4.4 billion tobacco settlement. That same year, Jindal was appointed to become the youngest-ever president of the University of Louisiana System. In March 2001, he was nominated by President George W. Bush to be Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation.[10] He was later unanimously confirmed by a bipartisan vote of the United States Senate and began serving on July 9, 2001. In that position, he served as the principal policy advisor to the Secretary of Health and Human Services.[11] He resigned from that post on February 21, 2003, to return to Louisiana and run for governor.[12]

2003 campaign for Governor

Jindal came to national prominence during the 2003 election for Louisiana governor.

In what Louisianans call a "jungle primary", Jindal finished first with 33 percent of the vote. He received endorsements from the largest paper in Louisiana, the New Orleans Times-Picayune; the newly-elected Democratic mayor of New Orleans, C. Ray Nagin; and the outgoing Republican governor, Mike Foster. In the second balloting, Jindal faced the outgoing lieutenant governor, Kathleen Babineaux Blanco of Lafayette, a Democrat. Despite winning in Blanco's hometown, he lost many normally conservative parishes in north Louisiana, and Blanco prevailed with 52 percent of the popular vote.

Political analysts have speculated on myriad explanations for his loss. Some have blamed Jindal for his refusal to answer questions about his record brought up in several advertisements,[13] which the Jindal Campaign called "negative attack ads". Others note that a significant number of conservative Louisianans remain more comfortable voting for a Democrat, especially a conservative one, than for a Republican. Still others have mentioned the race factor, arguing that many voters are uncomfortable voting for a non-white person; this theory has lost some support in light of the 2007 election results. Finally, favorite-daughter voting for Blanco in southwestern Louisiana, a swing region of the state, may have contributed to the outcome in 2003.

Despite his losing the election, the run for governor made Jindal a well-known figure on the state's political scene.

Congressman of the first district

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana, 2006

A few weeks after the 2003 gubernatorial runoff, Jindal decided to run for Louisiana's 1st congressional district. The incumbent, David Vitter, was running for the Senate seat being vacated by John Breaux. Jindal moved to Kenner to run for the congressional seat. The Louisiana Republican Party endorsed him in the primary despite the fact that Mike Rogers, also a Republican, was running for the same seat. The 1st District has been in Republican hands since a 1977 special election and is widely considered to be the most Republican district in Louisiana. Although Democrats have a plurality in registration, the 1st tends to vote for socially conservative candidates. Jindal also had an advantage because his campaign was able to raise over $1 million dollars very early in the campaign, making it harder for other candidates to effectively raise funds to oppose him. He won with 78 percent of the vote.

He was elected freshman class president and was appointed to the House Committee on Homeland Security, the House Committee on Resources, and the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. He was made vice-chairman of the House Subcommittee on the Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attacks.

On May 3, 2008 a special election was held to determine Jindal's replacement. Steve Scalise was elected with 75% of the vote. [14]

Governor of Louisiana

See also: Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2007

On January 22, 2007, Jindal announced his candidacy for governor.[15]

Polling data showed him with an early lead in the race, and he remained the favorite throughout the campaign. He defeated eleven opponents in the jungle primary held on October 20, including two prominent Democrats, State Senator Walter Boasso of Chalmette and Louisiana Public Service Commissioner Foster Campbell of Bossier City, and an independent, New Orleans businessman John Georges.

Jindal finished with 699,672 votes (54 percent). Boasso ran second with 226,364 votes (17 percent). Georges finished with 186,800 (14 percent), and Campbell, who is also a former state senator, ran fourth with 161,425 (12 percent). The remaining candidates collectively polled three percent of the vote. Jindal polled pluralities or majorities in sixty of the state's sixty-four parishes. He lost narrowly to Georges in Orleans Parish, to Boasso in St. Bernard Parish, and in the two neighboring north Louisiana parishes of Red River and Bienville located south of Shreveport, both of which are historically Democratic and supported Campbell. In the 2003 contest with Blanco, Jindal had lost most of the northern parishes.[16]

Jindal assumed the position of governor when he took the oath of office on January 14, 2008. At 36, he is the youngest sitting governor in the United States. He is also Louisiana's first non-white governor since P. B. S. Pinchback served for 35 days during Reconstruction.[17]

Speculation over vice presidential nomination

On February 8, 2008, conservative radio host Rush Limbaugh mentioned on his syndicated show that Jindal could be a possible choice for the Republican vice presidential nomination in 2008. He said that Jindal might be perceived as an asset to McCain's campaign because he has support in the conservative base of the Republican Party and his youth offsets Sen. McCain's age. If McCain were to win the presidency, he would be the oldest president ever inaugurated.[18] Heightening the speculation, Jindal, along with Governor Charlie Crist of Florida and former rival Mitt Romney (Mike Huckabee and Tim Pawlenty were also invited, but turned down the invitations due to personal commitments), met with Sen. McCain on Friday, May 23, 2008 at his home in Arizona, according to a Republican familiar with the decision.[19] The meeting, however, may actually serve a different purpose, presenting Jindal with the opportunity to speak at the 2008 Republican National Convention, in a similar fashion to Barack Obama at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, cementing a place for him in the party and opening the gate for a future run for the presidency.[20] On May 28, 2008, a Google Hot Trends report[21] for internet searches originating in the United States indicated a higher ranking and interest in Gov. Bobby Jindal. The report compared the search term 'Jindal' Vs. other leading GOP VP contenders including Gov. Huckabee as well as Gov. Kathleen Sebelius, a favorite for the Democratic VP post.

Personal and political positions on selected issues

Bobby Jindal has a 100% pro-life voting record according to the National Right to Life Committee.[22][23] He opposes abortion without exception.[24] However, he does not condemn medical procedures meant to save the life of a pregnant woman that would indirectly cause the termination of the pregnancy.[25][26] Jindal also supports the use of embryonic emergency contraception in the case of rape.[27] He opposes stem cell research[28] and voted against increasing federal funding to expand embryonic stem cell lines.[29]

Jindal supports the teaching of intelligent design in public schools.[30] He addressed this issue during a September 2007 televised gubernatorial debate:

[L]et’s talk about intelligent design. I’m a biology major. That’s my degree. The reality is there are a lot of things that we don’t understand. There’s no theory in science that could explain how, contrary to the laws of entropy, you could create order out of chaos. There’s no scientific theory that explains how you can create organic life out of inorganic matter. I think we owe it to our children to teach them the best possible modern scientific facts and theories. Teach them what different theories are out there for the things that aren’t answerable by science, that aren’t answered by science. Let them decide for themselves. I don’t think we should be scared to do that. Personally, it certainly makes sense to me that when you look at creation, you would believe in a creator. Let’s not be afraid to teach our kids the very best science." [31]

As a private citizen, Jindal voted for the "Stelly Tax plan",[32] a referendum named for former state Representative Vic Stelly of Lake Charles, which swapped some sales taxes for higher income taxes. Whether or not the "Stelly Plan" is giving the desired results is still hotly debated statewide. Early Republican challenger Steve Scalise challenged Jindal on his vote for this tax plan before Scalise dropped out of the congressional race in 2004.

Jindal voted yes on making the PATRIOT Act permanent, voted in favor of the 2006 Military Commissions Act, supported a constitutional amendment banning flag burning,[33] and the Real ID Act of 2005.[34] Jindal has an A rating from Gun Owners of America.

He is a member of the conservative Republican Study Committee.[35] In 2006, Jindal voted with the Republican Caucus 97 percent of the time during the 109th Congress.[36]

Jindal also supports co-payments in Medicaid.[37]

In 2006, Jindal sponsored the Deep Ocean Energy Resources Act (H.R. 4761), a bill to eliminate the moratorium on offshore oil and gas drilling over the U.S. outer continental shelf, which prompted the watchdog group Republicans for Environmental Protection to issue him an environmental harm demerit.[38] Jindal's 2006 rating from that organization was -4, among the lowest in Congress. The nonpartisan League of Conservation Voters also censured Jindal for securing passage of H.R. 4761 in the House of Representatives; the group rated his environmental performance that year at seven percent, citing anti-environment votes on 11 out of 12 critical issues. Jindal's lifetime score from the League of Conservation Voters is seven percent.[39] Despite claims that Jindal's bill was successful,[40] H.R. 4761 was replaced by S 3711 (known as the Domenici-Landrieu Fair Share Plan). The original Senate version was passed by both houses of Congress and signed by President Bush.[41]

Writings

A list of Jindal’s published writings up to 2001 can be found in the hearing report for his 2001 U.S. Senate confirmation.[42] They include newspaper columns, law review articles, and an article co-authored for the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Additionally, Jindal’s pre-2001 writings include several articles in the New Oxford Review, one of which later made news during Jindal’s 2003 gubernatorial race.[43] In that 1994 article for the New Oxford Review, Jindal described witnessing a friend seemingly being possessed by a demon, but also wrote that he was unsure in retrospect what had happened.[44]

Electoral history

Governor of Louisiana, 2003

Threshold > 50%

First Ballot, October 4, 2003

Candidate Affiliation Support Outcome
Bobby Jindal Republican 443,389 (33%) Runoff
Kathleen Blanco Democratic 250,136 (18%) Runoff
Richard Ieyoub Democratic 223,513 (16%) Defeated
Claude "Buddy" Leach Democratic 187,872 (14%) Defeated
Others n.a. 257,614 (19%) Defeated

Second Ballot, November 15, 2003

Candidate Affiliation Support Outcome
Kathleen Blanco Democratic 731,358 (52%) Elected
Bobby Jindal Republican 676,484 (48%) Defeated

U. S. Representative, 1st Congressional District, 2004

Threshold > 50%

First Ballot, November 2, 2004

Candidate Affiliation Support Outcome
Bobby Jindal Republican 225,708 (78%) Elected
Roy Armstrong Democratic 19,266 (7%) Defeated
Others n.a. 42,923 (15%) Defeated

U. S. Representative, 1st Congressional District, 2006

Threshold > 50%

First Ballot, November 7, 2006

Candidate Affiliation Support Outcome
Bobby Jindal Republican 130,508 (88%) Elected
David Gereighty Democratic 10,919 (7%) Defeated
Others n.a. 6,701 (5%) Defeated

Governor of Louisiana, 2007

Threshold > 50%

First Ballot, October 20, 2007

Candidate Affiliation Support Outcome
Bobby Jindal Republican 699,672 (54%) Elected
Walter Boasso Democratic 226,364 (17%) Defeated
John Georges Independent 186,800 (14%) Defeated
Foster Campbell Democratic 161,425 (12%) Defeated
Others n.a. 23,682 (3%) Defeated

References

  1. ^ Nossiter, Adam. “In a Southern U.S. state, immigrants' son takes over”, International Herald Tribune (2007-10-22).
  2. ^ Jindal's ancestral village celebrates his victory-Chandigarh-Cities-The Times of India
  3. ^ 2theadvocate.com | News | Jindal’s mother still with state — Baton Rouge, LA
  4. ^ [1] "He is Piyush, not Bobby," Rediff India Abroad, 16 November 2003
  5. ^ Whoriskey, Peter (2007-10-21). "Jindal Wins Louisiana Race, Becomes First Indian American Governor". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-10-21.
  6. ^ [2]"Jindal Throttles Back His High-Energy Style," Times Picayune, 13 June 2007
  7. ^ Rep. Jindal Delivers Son After Wife Wakes Up in Labor Fox News, August 15, 2006
  8. ^ "The Louisiana wunderkind: beholding Rep. Bobby Jindal", National Review
  9. ^ "Governor's race becomes a labor vs. business battle", The Town Talk
  10. ^ Error in Webarchive template: Empty url., US Department of Health and Human Services. c. 2001. Accessed 25 Oct 2007.
  11. ^ Bobby's Experience
  12. ^ BOBBY JINDAL ANNOUNCES HE IS STEPPING DOWN AS HHS ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR PLANNING AND EVALUATION, US Department of Health and Human Services. February 13, 2003. Accessed 25 Oct 2007. "Jindal's resignation is effective Feb. 21."
  13. ^ Jindal counters Demo attacks http://www.nola.com
  14. ^ [| Louisiana Secretary of State]
  15. ^ Jindal quietly begins his run The Times-Picayne, January 23, 2007
  16. ^ Louisiana Secretary of State-Multi-Parish Elections Inquiry
  17. ^ Whoriskey, Peter (2007-10-21). "Jindal Wins Louisiana Race, Becomes First Indian American Governor". The Washington Post. Washington Post Company. p. A8. Retrieved 2007-10-21. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help)
  18. ^ Curl, Joseph (2008-02-12). "Running mate guessing game begins". Washington Times. Retrieved 2008-03-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  19. ^ Nagourney, Adam (2008-05-21). "McCain to meet possible running mates". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-05-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ Dvorak, Blake (2008-05-22). "What About Jindal?". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved 2008-05-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Google Trends: Bobby Jindal, Kathleen Sebelius
  22. ^ http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm
  23. ^ “Candidates for governor answer questions about social issues”, Times Picayune (2003-09-20): “Q: Under what circumstances, if any, do you believe an abortion should be allowed?....JINDAL: I am 100 percent pro-life with no exceptions. I believe all life is precious.”
  24. ^ http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml
  25. ^ Sentell, Will and Dyer, Scott. “Abortion flier offends Jindal”, Baton Rouge Advocate (2003-11-11): "He said he does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that result indirectly in the loss of the unborn child as a secondary effect."
  26. ^ http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml
  27. ^ http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml
  28. ^ http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1668433,00.html
  29. ^ http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm
  30. ^ The Second Coming of Bobby Jindal http://www.time.com
  31. ^ “Leading Louisiana: The Candidates Speak”, Louisiana Public Broadcasting (2007-09-27).
  32. ^ http://www.louisianaweekly.com/weekly/news/articlegate.pl?20040524p Louisiana Weekly
  33. ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll296.xml
  34. ^ OpenCongress - Voting History: Rep. Bobby Jindal [R, LA-1]
  35. ^ RSC official site
  36. ^ AboutBobby.com
  37. ^ Bobby Jindal 2004 Congressional Campaign Website
  38. ^ Republicans for Environmental Protection 2006 Scorecard
  39. ^ [League of Conservation Voters 2006 National Environmental Scorecard]
  40. ^ The hard work pays off
  41. ^ U.S. Senate Passes Domenici-Landrieu "Fair Share" Plan in Early Morning 79-to-9 Vote
  42. ^ “Nominatons of Claude Allen, Thomas Scully, Piyush Jindal, Linnet F. Deily, Peter Allgeier, Peter R. Fisher, and James Gurule”, U.S. Senate Hearing 107-130, 107th Congress, 1st Session, pages 95-97 (2001-05-16).
  43. ^ Goddard, Taegan (2003-11-07). "Jindal and Satan". Political Wire. Retrieved 2008-06-12. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ "BEATING A DEMON: Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare," New Oxford Review, December 1994: "I began to think that the demon would only attack me if I tried to pray or fight back....Did I witness spiritual warfare? I do not have the answers..."
Governor
Congress
Media coverage
Political offices
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Louisiana's 1st congressional district
January 3, 2005 – January 14, 2008 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Louisiana
January 14, 2008 – present 		Incumbent
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