Transposition of the great vessels: Difference between revisions
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When no other heart defects are present it is called 'simple' TGV; when other defects are present it is called 'complex' TGV. |
When no other heart defects are present it is called 'simple' TGV; when other defects are present it is called 'complex' TGV. |
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==See also== |
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*[[levo-Transposition of the great arteries]] |
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*[[dextro-Transposition of the great arteries]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 18:00, 9 July 2008
| Transposition of the great vessels | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Medical genetics  |
Transposition of the great vessels (TGV) is a group of congenital heart defects (CHDs) involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the primary blood vessels: superior and/or inferior vena cavae (SVC, IVC), pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta. CHDs involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) belong to a sub-group called transposition of the great arteries (TGA).
History
TGV was first described in 1797 by Matthew Baillie.[1]
Etiologies
D-TGA is often the result of a child born to a diabetic mother. Additionally, diabetic mothers are more likely to have aortic coarctation in their children.
Description
In a normal heart, oxygen-depleted blood is pumped from the right side of the heart, through the pulmonary artery, to the lungs where it is oxygenated. The oxygen-rich red blood then returns to the left heart, via the pulmonary veins, and is pumped through the aorta to the rest of the body, including the heart muscle itself.
Transposed vessels can present a large variety of atriovenous, ventriculoarterial and/or arteriovenous discordance. The effects may range from a change in blood pressure to an interruption in circulation, depending on the nature and degree of the misplacement and which vessels are involved.
Although "transposed" literally means "swapped", many types of TGV involve vessels that are in abnormal positions, while not actually being swapped with each other. The terms TGV and TGA are most commonly used in reference to dextro-TGA (d-TGA) - in which the arteries are in swapped positions; however, both terms are also commonly used, though to a slightly lesser extent, in reference to levo-TGA (l-TGA) - in which both the arteries and the ventricles are swapped; while other defects in this category are almost never referred to by either of these terms.
Simple and complex TGV
In many cases, TGV is accompanied by other heart defects, the most common type being intracardiac shunts such as atrial septal defect (ASD) including patent foramen ovale (PFO), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Stenosis, or other defects, of valves and/or vessels may also be present.
When no other heart defects are present it is called 'simple' TGV; when other defects are present it is called 'complex' TGV.
See also
References
- ^ The Morbid Anatomy of Some of the Most Important Parts of the Human Body (1793)
