Douglas C-47 Skytrain: Difference between revisions

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C-47A USAAF Serial #43-48052

The Douglas C-47 Skytrain was a military transport that was developed from the Douglas DC-3 airliner.

History

During World War II, the armed forces of many countries used the C-47 and modified DC-3s for the transport of troops, cargo and wounded. Over 10,000 aircraft were produced in Long Beach and Santa Monica, California and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The C-47 was vital to the success of many Allied campaigns, in particular those in the jungles of New Guinea and Burma where the C-47 (and its naval version, the R4D) alone made it possible for Allied troops to counter the mobility of the light-travelling Japanese army. In Europe, the C-47 and a specialized paratroop variant, the C-53 Skytrooper, were used in vast numbers in the later stages of the war, particularly to tow gliders and drop paratroops. In the Pacific, with careful use of the island landing strips of the Pacific Ocean, C-47s were even used for ferrying soldiers serving in the Pacific theater back to the US.

C-47s in British and Commonwealth service took the name Dakota. The C-47 also earned the nickname "Gooney Bird" during the European theater of operations.

After World War II the U.S. Navy also structurally modified a number of the early Navy R4D aircraft and re-designated the modified aircraft as R4D-8. The Air Force also continued to use the C-47 for various roles, including the AC-47 gunships - code named 'Puff the Magic Dragon' or 'Spooky' - used during the Vietnam War.

Variants

C-47

Initial military version of DC-3.

C-47A

24 volt electrical system replacing the 12 volt of the C-47.

C-47B

R-1830-90 engines with superchargers and extra fuel capacity to cover the China-Burma-India routes

C-47D

C-47B with superchargers removed post war.

C-48 to C-52

various DC-3's taken into military service.

C-53

US Army passenger version of the C-47.

Specifications

Specifications (C-47B)

General characteristics

Crew: 3
Capacity: 28 troops or 6,000 lbs. (2,700 kg) of cargo
Length: 63 ft 9 in (19.43 m)
Wingspan: 95 ft 6 in (29.11 m)
Height: 17 ft (5.18 m)
Wing area: 987 ft² (91.70 m²)
Empty: 18,135 lb (8,225 kg)
Loaded: 26,000 lb (11,800 kg)
Maximum takeoff: 31,000 lb (14,100 kg)
Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp R-1830-90C 14-cylinder radials with 1,200 hp (895 kW) each

Performance

Maximum speed: 224 mph (360 km/h)
Cruising speed: 160 mph (257 km/h)
Range: 1,600 miles (2,575 km)
Service ceiling: 26,400 ft (8.045 m)
Rate of climb: 10,000 ft/min (3,050 m/min)
Wing loading: 26.3 lb/ft² (128.6 kg/m²)
Power loading: 10.8 lbs/hp (6.59 kg/kW)

Units using the C-47 or Militarized DC-3

United States Army Air Force

Royal Air Force

Dakota I - C-47
Dakota II - C-53
Dakota III - C-47A
Dakota IV - C-47B

South African Air Force

35 Squadron (Still in use, flying the Turbo Dakota.)
No. 44 Squadron SAAF (employed in 1944 and 1945 to support operations in the Greek Civil War

Hellenic Air Force

No. 355 Squadron RHAF (employed in the Greek Civil War from 1946 through 1948)

Reference

Flintham, V. (1990) Air Wars and Aircraft: A Detailed Record of Air Combat, 1945 to the Present. Facts on File. ISBN 0816023565
Francillon, René (1979). McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920: Volume I. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-87021-428-4
Yenne, Bill (1985). McDonnell Douglas: A Tale of Two Giants. Greenwich, CT: Bison Books. ISBN 0-517-442876

@@ Line 102: / Line 102: @@
 |sequence=
-* Army sequence: [[Messerschmitt C-44|C-44]] - [[C-45 Expeditor|C-45]] - [[C-46 Commando|C-46]] - '''C-47''' - [[Douglas DC-3|C-48]] - [[Douglas DC-3|C-49]] - [[Douglas DC-3|C-50]]
+* Army sequence: [[Messerschmitt C-44|C-44]] - [[C-45 Expeditor|C-45]] - [[C-46 Commando|C-46]] - '''C-47''' - [[Douglas DC-3|C-48]] - [[Douglas DC-3|C-49]] - [[Douglas DC-3|C-50]] - [[Douglas DC-3|C-51]] - [[Douglas DC-3|C-52]] - '''C-53''' - [[C-54 Skymaster|C-54]] - [[C-46 Commando|C-55]] - [[C-56 Lodestar|C-56]]
 * Navy sequence: [[Douglas Dolphin|RD]] - [[Douglas DC-2|R2D]] - [[Douglas DC-5|R3D]] - '''R4D''' - [[C-54 Skymaster|R5D]] - [[C-118 Liftmaster|R6D]] - [[Consolidated RY|RY]]