Jump to content

Palawan peacock-pheasant: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Interwiki to fr.wp
Copyedit.
Line 17: Line 17:
* ''Polyplectron emphanum''<br/><small>[[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]], 1832<ref>See Dickinson (2001).</ref></small>
* ''Polyplectron emphanum''<br/><small>[[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]], 1832<ref>See Dickinson (2001).</ref></small>
}}
}}
The '''Palawan Peacock-pheasant''', ''Polyplectron napoleonis'' also known as '''Napoleon Peacock-pheasant''' is a medium-sized, up to 50cm long, bird in the family [[Phasianidae]]. It was long known as ''Polyplectron emphanum'' (Dickinson 2001).
The '''Palawan Peacock-pheasant,''' ''Polyplectron napoleonis,'' also known as the '''Napoleon Peacock-pheasant,''' is a medium-sized (up to 50 cm long) bird in the family [[Phasianidae]]. It was long known as ''Polyplectron emphanum'' (Dickinson 2001).


The male is the handsomest and most [[peacock]]-like member of genus ''[[Polyplectron]]''. It has an erectile crest, white stripe over eye, and highly [[iridescence]] metallic green and black plumage. The tail feathers are decorated with large blue-green [[ocellus|ocelli]], which may be spread fan-like in courtship display. The female is smaller than male. It has a dark brown plumage with short crest, and whitish on throat, cheeks and eyebrow.
The male is the handsomest and most [[peacock]]-like member of the genus ''[[Polyplectron]].'' It has an erectile crest, a white stripe over the eyes and highly [[iridescence|iridescent]] metallic green and black plumage. The tail feathers are decorated with large blue-green [[ocellus|ocelli]], which may be spread fanlike in courtship displays. The female is smaller than the male. It has a dark brown plumage with a short crest and is whitish on the throat, cheeks and eyebrows.


A [[Philippines]] [[Endemism in birds|endemic]], the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is distributed to humid forests of [[Palawan Island]] in the southern part of Philippines [[archipelago]]. The female usually lays up to two eggs.
[[Endemism in birds|Endemic]] to the [[Philippines]], the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is found in the humid forests of [[Palawan Island]] in the southern part of the Philippine [[archipelago]]. The female usually lays up to two eggs.


The Palawan Peacock-pheasant with its unique male plumage and distant range represents a [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] (Early? [[Pliocene]], c.5-4 [[mya (unit)|mya]]<ref>
The Palawan Peacock-pheasant, with its unique male plumage and distant range, represents a [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] (Early? [[Pliocene]], c.5-4 [[mya (unit)|mya]]<ref>
Note that the [[molecular clock]] calibration method used by Kimball ''et al.'' (2001) is now known to be inappropriate, yielding far too low estimates in galliform birds.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}</ref>)
Note that the [[molecular clock]] calibration method used by Kimball ''et al.'' (2001) is now known to be inappropriate, yielding far too low estimates in galliform birds.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}</ref>)
offshoot of the [[genus]] ''Polyplectron'' (Kimball ''et al.'' 2001).
offshoot of the [[genus]] ''Polyplectron'' (Kimball ''et al.'' 2001).


Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size, limited range and hunting and capture for trade, the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is classified as [[Vulnerable species|Vulnerable]] in the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of [[CITES]].
Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size and limited range as well as hunting and capture for trade, the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is classified as [[Vulnerable species|Vulnerable]] in the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of [[CITES]].


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
Line 37: Line 37:


== References ==
== References ==
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2004|id=17951|title=Polyplectron napoleonis|downloaded=29 October 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is vulnerable
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2004|id=17951|title=Polyplectron napoleonis|downloaded=29 October 2006}} The database entry includes justification for why this species is vulnerable.
* '''Dickinson''', E. C. (2001): The correct scientific name of the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is ''Polyplectron napoleonis'' Lesson, 1831. ''[[Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club|Bull. B. O. C.]]'' '''121'''(4): 266-272.
* '''Dickinson''', E. C. (2001): The correct scientific name of the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is ''Polyplectron napoleonis'' (Lesson, 1831). ''[[Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club|Bull. B. O. C.]]'' '''121'''(4): 266-272.
* '''Kimball''', Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L.; Ligon, J. David; Lucchini, Vittorio & Randi, Ettore (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the peacock-pheasants (Galliformes: ''Polyplectron'' spp.) indicates loss and reduction of ornamental traits and display behaviours. ''[[Biological Journal of the Linnean Society|Biol. J. Linn. Soc.]]'' '''73'''(2): 187–198. [http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/00244066/2001/00000073/00000002/art90536 HTML abstract]
* '''Kimball''', Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L.; Ligon, J. David; Lucchini, Vittorio & Randi, Ettore (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the peacock-pheasants (Galliformes: ''Polyplectron'' spp.) indicates loss and reduction of ornamental traits and display behaviour. ''[[Biological Journal of the Linnean Society|Biol. J. Linn. Soc.]]'' '''73'''(2): 187–198. [http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/00244066/2001/00000073/00000002/art90536 HTML abstract]
* '''Lesson''', René-Primevère (1831): ''Traite d'Ornithologie'' '''7''':487; '''8''': 650.
* '''Lesson''', René-Primevère (1831): ''Traite d'Ornithologie'' '''7''':487; '''8''': 650.
* '''Temminck''', Coenraad Jacob (1832): ''Nouveau Recueil de Planches coloriées d'Oiseaux'' '''88''' plate 540.
* '''Temminck''', Coenraad Jacob (1832): ''Nouveau Recueil de Planches coloriées d'Oiseaux'' '''88''' plate 540.

Revision as of 22:16, 28 August 2008

Palawan Peacock-pheasant
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Aves
Order:
Galliformes
Family:
Phasianidae
Genus:
Polyplectron
Species:
P. napoleonis
Binomial name
Polyplectron napoleonis
Lesson, 1831
Synonyms
  • Polyplectrum napoleonis
    Lesson, 1831 (lapsus)
  • Polyplectron emphanum
    Temminck, 1832[1]

The Palawan Peacock-pheasant, Polyplectron napoleonis, also known as the Napoleon Peacock-pheasant, is a medium-sized (up to 50 cm long) bird in the family Phasianidae. It was long known as Polyplectron emphanum (Dickinson 2001).

The male is the handsomest and most peacock-like member of the genus Polyplectron. It has an erectile crest, a white stripe over the eyes and highly iridescent metallic green and black plumage. The tail feathers are decorated with large blue-green ocelli, which may be spread fanlike in courtship displays. The female is smaller than the male. It has a dark brown plumage with a short crest and is whitish on the throat, cheeks and eyebrows.

Endemic to the Philippines, the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is found in the humid forests of Palawan Island in the southern part of the Philippine archipelago. The female usually lays up to two eggs.

The Palawan Peacock-pheasant, with its unique male plumage and distant range, represents a basal (Early? Pliocene, c.5-4 mya[2]) offshoot of the genus Polyplectron (Kimball et al. 2001).

Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size and limited range as well as hunting and capture for trade, the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is classified as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.

  • male
    male
  • female
    female
  • male
    male

References

  • Template:IUCN2006 The database entry includes justification for why this species is vulnerable.
  • Dickinson, E. C. (2001): The correct scientific name of the Palawan Peacock-pheasant is Polyplectron napoleonis (Lesson, 1831). Bull. B. O. C. 121(4): 266-272.
  • Kimball, Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L.; Ligon, J. David; Lucchini, Vittorio & Randi, Ettore (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the peacock-pheasants (Galliformes: Polyplectron spp.) indicates loss and reduction of ornamental traits and display behaviour. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 73(2): 187–198. HTML abstract
  • Lesson, René-Primevère (1831): Traite d'Ornithologie 7:487; 8: 650.
  • Temminck, Coenraad Jacob (1832): Nouveau Recueil de Planches coloriées d'Oiseaux 88 plate 540.

Footnotes

  1. ^ See Dickinson (2001).
  2. ^ Note that the molecular clock calibration method used by Kimball et al. (2001) is now known to be inappropriate, yielding far too low estimates in galliform birds.[citation needed]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Polyplectron napoleonis.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Palawan_peacock-pheasant&oldid=234871125"