Temper

Temperare (to mix correctly) is the Latin origin of words like "temperature" and "tempering"; it and "tempo" come, in turn, from tempus (time or season). Thus, the word "temper" can refer (at least informally) to any time- and temperature-sensitive process (as for chocolate tempering or tempered glass), a material's thermo-mechanical history (including cold work and cryogenic hardening), or even its composition.

Temper may mean:

• Tempering, in metallurgy, a heat treatment technique for metals and alloys; also a method for producing toughened glass
• Among archaeologists, non-plastic additions to clay, which are used to control shrinkage prior to firing into ceramic vessels.
• Tempering, in cooking, refers to the frying of spices (particularly in the cuisines of South Asia) to release their aroma; called chaunk in Hindi, or Tadka.
• Musical temperament describes the method used to tune an instrument to produce a pleasing sound
• The Well-Tempered Clavier is a composition by Bach
• Tempered representation in mathematics
• Temperament, in psychology, the general nature of an individual's personality
• Tempering, in chocolate manufacture, a method of increasing the shine and durability of chocolate couverture
• A display of anger
• Temper (band), an American dance music group
• Temper is the name of a Demo song by the musical group System of a Down
• TEMPER is the name of an atmospheric propagation computer model developed by the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab