Vapor–liquid separator: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Vap-Liq Separator.png|thumb|right|246px|A typical vapor-liquid separator including commonly a de-entrainment pad and sometimes an inlet distributor]] |
[[Image:Vap-Liq Separator.png|thumb|right|246px|A typical vapor-liquid separator including commonly a de-entrainment pad and sometimes an inlet distributor]] |
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A '''vapor-liquid separator''' is a vertical vessel used in several industrial applications to separate a vapor-liquid mixture. Gravity causes the liquid to settle to the bottom of the vessel, where it is withdrawn.<ref>{{cite book|author=William D. Baasel|title=Preliminary Chemical engineering Plant Design|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=Van Nostrand Reinhold|year=1990|isbn=0-442-23440-6|oclc=18907139}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=David H.F. Liu|title=Environmental Engineers' Handbook|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=[[CRC Press]]|year=1997|isbn=0-8493-9971-8|oclc=35886123}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Stanley S. Grossel|year=2004 |month=June|title=Design and sizing of knock-out drums/catchtanks for emergency relief systems|journal=Plant/Operations Progress ([[AIChE]])|volume=5|issue=3|pages=129–135|issn=0278-4513|doi=10.1002/prsb.720050304}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Stanley M. Walas|title=Chemical Process Equipment:Selection and Design|edition= |publisher=Butterworth- |
A '''vapor-liquid separator''' is a vertical vessel used in several industrial applications to separate a vapor-liquid mixture. Gravity causes the liquid to settle to the bottom of the vessel, where it is withdrawn.<ref>{{cite book|author=William D. Baasel|title=Preliminary Chemical engineering Plant Design|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=Van Nostrand Reinhold|year=1990|isbn=0-442-23440-6|oclc=18907139}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=David H.F. Liu|title=Environmental Engineers' Handbook|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=[[CRC Press]]|year=1997|isbn=0-8493-9971-8|oclc=35886123}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Stanley S. Grossel|year=2004 |month=June|title=Design and sizing of knock-out drums/catchtanks for emergency relief systems|journal=Plant/Operations Progress ([[AIChE]])|volume=5|issue=3|pages=129–135|issn=0278-4513|doi=10.1002/prsb.720050304}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Stanley M. Walas|title=Chemical Process Equipment:Selection and Design|edition= |publisher=Butterworth- |
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Heinemann|year=1988|isbn=0-409-90131-8|oclc=16714037 }}</ref> The vapor travels upward at a design velocity which minimizes the [[Entrainment (engineering)|entrainment]] of any liquid droplets in the vapor as it exits the top of the vessel. |
Heinemann|year=1988|isbn=0-409-90131-8|oclc=16714037 }}</ref> The vapor travels upward at a design velocity which minimizes the [[Entrainment (engineering)|entrainment]] of any liquid droplets in the vapor as it exits the top of the vessel. |
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[[Category:Chemical engineering]] |
[[Category:Chemical engineering]] |
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[[Category:Oil refineries]] |
[[Category:Oil refineries]] |
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[[Category:Natural gas]] |
[[Category:Natural gas technology]] |
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[[Category:Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning]] |
[[Category:Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning]] |
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[[Category:Industrial processes]] |
[[Category:Industrial processes]] |
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Revision as of 19:28, 8 December 2008
A vapor-liquid separator is a vertical vessel used in several industrial applications to separate a vapor-liquid mixture. Gravity causes the liquid to settle to the bottom of the vessel, where it is withdrawn.[1][2][3][4] The vapor travels upward at a design velocity which minimizes the entrainment of any liquid droplets in the vapor as it exits the top of the vessel.
The feed to a vapor-liquid separator may also be a liquid that is being partially or totally flashed into a vapor and liquid as it enters the separator.
A vapor-liquid separator may also be referred to as a flash drum, knock-out drum, knock-out pot, compressor suction drum or compressor inlet drum.
When used to remove suspended water droplets from streams of air, a vapor-liquid separator is often called a demister.
Where vapor-liquid separators are used
Vapor-liquid separators are very widely used in a great many industries and applications, such as:
- Oil refineries
- Natural gas processing plants
- Petrochemical and chemical plants
- Refrigeration systems
- Air conditioning
- Compressor systems for air or other gases
- Gas pipelines
- Steam condensate flash drums
- Geothermal power plants
See also
- Flash evaporation
- Vapor-compression refrigeration
- Souders-Brown equation (for sizing vapor-liquid separators)
- Steam drum
References
- ^ William D. Baasel (1990). Preliminary Chemical engineering Plant Design (2nd Edition ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 0-442-23440-6. OCLC 18907139.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help) - ^ David H.F. Liu (1997). Environmental Engineers' Handbook (2nd Edition ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-9971-8. OCLC 35886123.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help) - ^ Stanley S. Grossel (2004). "Design and sizing of knock-out drums/catchtanks for emergency relief systems". Plant/Operations Progress (AIChE). 5 (3): 129–135. doi:10.1002/prsb.720050304. ISSN 0278-4513.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Stanley M. Walas (1988). Chemical Process Equipment:Selection and Design. Butterworth-
Heinemann. ISBN 0-409-90131-8. OCLC 16714037.
{{cite book}}: line feed character in|publisher=at position 13 (help)
External links
- High-Capacity Gas De-Entrainment (scroll to page 2 of the brochure)
- Experimental Characterization of High-Pressure Natural Gas Scrubbers by Trond Austrheim (preprints of papers based on PhD Thesis at the University of Bergen, Norway, 2006)
- Flash Steam Tutorial The benefits of recovering flash steam, how it is done and typical applications.
- Design Criteria for Vapor/Liquid Separators