Jamrud: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox City |
{{Infobox City |
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|official_name= Jamrud |
|official_name= Jamrud |
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|flag= |
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|province= |
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|city_image= |
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|name =Jamrud <!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in --> |
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|location_map=true |
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|official_name = |
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|n1= |
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|other_name = |
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|native_name = جمرود <!-- if different from the English name --> |
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|n3= |
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|native_name_lang = ur <!-- Use ISO639 code, e.g. "fr" for French. |
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|e1= |
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|e2= |
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|nickname = |
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|elevation_m= |
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|settlement_type =Town <!-- e.g. Town, Village, City, etc.--> |
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|area_total_km2= |
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|total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --> |
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|census_year= 1998 |
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|motto = |
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|estimate_year= |
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|pushpin_map =Pakistan |
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<!-- Location ------------------> |
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|subdivision_type = Country |
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|subdivision_name = {{flag|Pakistan}} |
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|subdivision_type1 = Region |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] |
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|subdivision_type2 = Tribal Area |
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Khyber Agency]] |
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<!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government --> |
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|leader_title = |
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|leader_name = <!--add (no-break space) to leader names to disable automatic links--> |
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|established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
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<!-- Area ---------------------> |
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|area_magnitude = |
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|unit_pref =Imperial<!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric--> |
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|area_footnotes = |
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|area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |
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|area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion--> |
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|area_water_km2 = |
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<!-- Elevation --------------------------> |
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|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> |
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|elevation_m =461 |
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|elevation_ft =1512 |
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|elevation_max_m = |
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<!-- Population -----------------------> |
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|population_as_of = |
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|population_total = |
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|population_density_km2 = <!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto --> |
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|population_density_sq_mi = |
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<!-- General information ---------------> |
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|timezone = |
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|utc_offset = |
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|timezone_DST = |
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|utc_offset_DST = |
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|coor_pinpoint =<!-- can be used to specify exactly where/what the coordinates refer to --> |
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|coordinates_type = |
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|coordinates_display = display=inline,title <!-- delete unwanted option, if any --> |
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|latd=34 |latm=00 |lats= |latNS=N |
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|longd=71 |longm=23 |longs= |longEW=E |
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<!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |
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|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |
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|postal_code = |
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|area_code = |
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|website = |
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}} |
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'''Jamrud''' ({{lang-ur|جمرود}}), is a town located in the [[Khyber Agency]], one of the [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] of [[Pakistan]]. The town is the doorway to the [[Khyber pass]], part of the [[Hindu Kush]] range. The town has road and rail linkages with [[Peshawar]] city of Pakistan, and a pass connects it with [[Landi Kotal]], located near the borders of [[Afghanistan]]. |
'''Jamrud''' ({{lang-ur|جمرود}}), is a town located in the [[Khyber Agency]], one of the [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] of [[Pakistan]]. The town is the doorway to the [[Khyber pass]], part of the [[Hindu Kush]] range. The town has road and rail linkages with [[Peshawar]] city of Pakistan, and a pass connects it with [[Landi Kotal]], located near the borders of [[Afghanistan]]. |
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Revision as of 03:16, 9 December 2008
Jamrud
جمرود | |
|---|---|
Town | |
| Country |  Pakistan |
| Region | Federally Administered Tribal Areas |
| Tribal Area | Khyber Agency |
| Elevation | 1,512 ft (461 m) |
Jamrud (Template:Lang-ur), is a town located in the Khyber Agency, one of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. The town is the doorway to the Khyber pass, part of the Hindu Kush range. The town has road and rail linkages with Peshawar city of Pakistan, and a pass connects it with Landi Kotal, located near the borders of Afghanistan.
Jamrud, lying in proximity to the Khyber pass, has remained a location on the trade route between central Asia and the South Asia and a strategic military location. Jamrud is located at an altitude of 1512 ft (461 meters) above sea level and is 10.2 miles (17 km) west from the city of Peshawar. Jamrud Fort is located at 33.969N,71.338E.
History
Sikh-Afghan Conflict
In 1836, Jamrud was occupied by Hari Singh Nalwa, Maharaja Ranjit Singh's commander[1] but in April 1837 Dost Mohammad Khan sent a body of Afghans to attack it.[2] The impression which resulted from the ensuing conflict was such as to convince the men of Dost Mohammad’s army of their inability to contend with the Sikhs. ‘Even if the victory had been more decided’ observed the author of the Peshawar Gazetteer sixty years later, ‘it would have been dearly purchased by the Sikhs, with the loss of so brave a warrior as Hari Singh'[3]
British Era
Jamrud was a strategic location and served as a base for a cantonment of the British Indian Army during the period of the British Raj. During the military operations of 1878-79 Jamrud became a place of considerable importance as the frontier outpost on British territory towards Afghanistan, and it was also the base of operations for a portion of the Tirah campaign in 1897-1898. It was also the headquarters of the Khyber Rifles, and the collecting station for the Khyber tolls. The population in 1901 was 1,848.
The place continues to be of strategic significance.
See also
References
1. ^ Jamrūd - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 14, p. 52. http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V14_058.gif
2. ^North-West Frontier Province - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 19, p. 153. http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V19_159.gif
3. ^Gazetteer of the Peshawar District 1897-8, revised edition, Lahore: Punjab Government, p. 74.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
34°00′N 71°23′E / 34.000°N 71.383°E
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- ^ Jamrūd - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 14, p. 52.
- ^ North-West Frontier Province - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 19, p. 153.
- ^ [Gazetteer of the Peshawar District 1897-8, revised edition, Lahore: Punjab Government, p. 74.]