Melbourne, Derbyshire: Difference between revisions
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In 1311 Robert de Holand fortified the existing royal manor house to create Melbourne Castle, though the fortification was never completed. [[John I, Duke of Bourbon|Jean, duc de Bourbon]], the most important French prisoner taken at the [[Battle of Agincourt]] (1416), was detained at the castle for 19 years. |
In 1311 Robert de Holand fortified the existing royal manor house to create Melbourne Castle, though the fortification was never completed. [[John I, Duke of Bourbon|Jean, duc de Bourbon]], the most important French prisoner taken at the [[Battle of Agincourt]] (1416), was detained at the castle for 19 years. |
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[[Mary I of Scotland|Mary, Queen of Scots]], was to be imprisoned at |
[[Mary I of Scotland|Mary, Queen of Scots]], was to be imprisoned at [[Melbourne castle]], but it had by now deteriorated into a bad state of repair. By the early 17th Century it had fallen into decay and was demolished, although some remains can still be seen today.<ref>[http://www.castleuk.net/castle_lists_midlands/128/melbournecastle.htm Melbourne Castle]</ref> |
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A parish church was built around 1120. |
A parish church was built around 1120. |
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Revision as of 12:29, 16 December 2008
| Melbourne | |
|---|---|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | DERBY |
| Postcode district | DE73 |
| Dialling code | 01332 |
| Police | Derbyshire |
| Fire | Derbyshire |
| Ambulance | East Midlands |
| UK Parliament | |
Melbourne is a Georgian market town (population 5,000) in South Derbyshire, England. It is about eight miles south of Derby and two miles from the River Trent.[1] In 1837 a then tiny settlement in Australia was named after William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, Queen Victoria's first Prime Minister, and thus indirectly takes its name from Melbourne Hall, seat of the Lamb family, and the village.
History
The name Melbourne name derives from "mill on the brook". It was first recorded in Domesday Book (DB 1086 Mileburne = mill stream) as a royal manor[2].
In 1311 Robert de Holand fortified the existing royal manor house to create Melbourne Castle, though the fortification was never completed. Jean, duc de Bourbon, the most important French prisoner taken at the Battle of Agincourt (1416), was detained at the castle for 19 years.
Mary, Queen of Scots, was to be imprisoned at Melbourne castle, but it had by now deteriorated into a bad state of repair. By the early 17th Century it had fallen into decay and was demolished, although some remains can still be seen today.[3]
A parish church was built around 1120.
Melbourne Hall was originally owned by the church; it was constructed in stages, mainly in the 17th and 18th century.
Since 2005 Melbourne has run an Arts Festival every September to attract tourists to the area.[4]
Notable Residents
- Robert Bakewell, Ironsmith, started his career here in 1706.
- John Joseph Briggs, Naturalist lived in Kings Newton and published a History of Melbourne[5]
- Thomas Cook Travel Agent, was born here in 1808.
- William Dexter, Painter was born here in 1808.[6]
- Rowland Ordish Civil engineer was born here in 1824.
- John Young, Cricketer was born here in 1876.[7]
Places of Interest
Melbourne parish church has been described as a "cathedral in miniature" and is one of five churches in Melbourne. The Domesday Book records a church and priest here in 1086. The present church was built about 1120, and most of the original masonry is intact, except for the East end which has been refurbished. The roofs, naves, aisles and the aisle windows date from the restoration of the 1630s. There was also a restoration done by Gilbert Scott in 1859-62.[8]
Melbourne Hall was originally the rectory house for the Bishop of Carlisle, but was substantially rebuilt by Thomas and George Coke in the early 18th century. The Hall gardens were laid out with the assistance of Royal gardeners in 1704. They contain examples of ironwork by Derby ironsmith, Robert Bakewell. Melbourne Pool was originally the mill pool for the Hall's mill. The hall is open to the public in August.
The Thomas Cook Memorial Cottages in High Street were built by Thomas Cook who started popular travel in England. Cook was born in Melbourne in 1808 though his birth-place was demolished in 1968. The buildings built in 1890-91 include fourteen cottages, a bakehouse, a laundry and Mission Hall. They still provide accommodation for some of Melbourne's senior citizens.
Melbourne Market Place is the location of Melbourne's main shops. It is dominated by the Co-op Building and monument which was refurbished in 1998.
Culture, Industry and Transport
The town contains many Georgian buildings and in the 19th Century was a centre for framework knitting and boot and shoe manufacture eg Fairystep Shoes. Market gardening has always been a major part of the economy, though now only a handful remain. East Midlands Airport, five miles to the east of the town, was opened in the 1960s and has now become a significant regional transport hub. Then town's bus service is run by Arriva Midlands.Previously,TrentBarton maintained a small garage here,allocated approximately 7 vehicles but this is now a Budgens supermarket.It maintained routes to Swadlincote,Derby,Aston-on-Trent and Weston-on-Trent.
In the past Melbourne had three brass bands which disappeared over the years. In 1992 a new group formed, and became Melbourne Town Band.[9] The Town Band continue to play at Melbourne's events today. These include the carnival, held every Summer and the carols at the Market Place.
References
- ^ Melbourne Website
- ^ The King divided up Derbyshire amongst his nobles. The relatively short list for his direct ownership included Melbourne, Bakewell, Walton-on-Trent and Weston-on-Trent
- ^ Melbourne Castle
- ^ Melbourne Festival
- ^ Briggs in Dictionary of National Biography 1866
- ^ Serle, Percival (1949). "Dexter, William". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus and Robertson
- ^ John Young at Cricket Archive
- ^ Melbourne Parish Church Website
- ^ Melbourne Town Band Website
External links
