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'''Willoughby James Edbrooke''' ([[Evanston, Illinois]] 1843 — 1896) was an American architect and bureaucrat who remained faithful to a [[Richardsonian Romanesque]] style into the era of [[Beaux-Arts architecture]] in the United States, supported by commissions from conservative federal and state governments that were spurred by his stint in 1891-92 as [[Office of the Supervising Architect|Supervising Architect]] of the [[U.S. Treasury Department]].
'''Willoughby James Edbrooke''' ([[Evanston, Illinois]] 1843 — 1896) was an American architect and a bureaucrat who remained faithful to a [[Richardsonian Romanesque]] style into the era of [[Beaux-Arts architecture]] in the United States, supported by commissions from conservative federal and state governments that were spurred by his stint in 1891-92 as [[Office of the Supervising Architect|Supervising Architect]] of the [[U.S. Treasury Department]].


Edbrooke first practiced in Chicago in 1868 and in 1879 formed a partnership with Franklin P[ierce] Burnham (died 1909). The partnership was dissolved in 1892.<ref>Michael H. Ebner, ''Creating Chicago's North Shore: A Suburban History'' 1988:66</ref> Among their major joint commissions were the [[Georgia State Capitol]],<ref>[http://www.atlantaga.gov/government/urbandesign_statecap.aspx "City of Atlanta on-line": Georgia State Capitol]</ref> and buildings for [[Notre Dame University]], and the Mecca Apartments (1891-1892) in Chicago, where Edbrooke served as superintendent of construction. The division of responsibilities and credit for constructions at the [[World's Columbian Exposition]], Chicago, 1893, may have finalized the dissolution of the partnership. Edbrooke resited in Washington DC, where in his position as supervising architect of the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Treasury Department]], he initiated the design of at least forty buildings.<ref>''Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects'' [http://www.atlantaga.gov/government/urbandesign_statecap.aspx quoted at "City of Atlanta on-line"]</ref>
Edbrooke first practiced in Chicago in 1868 and in 1879 formed a partnership with Franklin P[ierce] Burnham (died 1909). The partnership was dissolved in 1892.<ref>Michael H. Ebner, ''Creating Chicago's North Shore: A Suburban History'' 1988:66</ref> Among their major joint commissions were the [[Georgia State Capitol]],<ref>[http://www.atlantaga.gov/government/urbandesign_statecap.aspx "City of Atlanta on-line": Georgia State Capitol]</ref> and buildings for [[Notre Dame University]], and the Mecca Apartments (1891-1892) in Chicago, where Edbrooke served as superintendent of construction. The division of responsibilities and credit for constructions at the [[World's Columbian Exposition]], Chicago, 1893, may have finalized the dissolution of the partnership. Edbrooke resited in Washington DC, where in his position as supervising architect of the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Treasury Department]], he initiated the design of at least forty buildings.<ref>''Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects'' [http://www.atlantaga.gov/government/urbandesign_statecap.aspx quoted at "City of Atlanta on-line"]</ref>

Revision as of 19:34, 24 January 2009

Willoughby James Edbrooke (Evanston, Illinois 1843 — 1896) was an American architect and a bureaucrat who remained faithful to a Richardsonian Romanesque style into the era of Beaux-Arts architecture in the United States, supported by commissions from conservative federal and state governments that were spurred by his stint in 1891-92 as Supervising Architect of the U.S. Treasury Department.

Edbrooke first practiced in Chicago in 1868 and in 1879 formed a partnership with Franklin P[ierce] Burnham (died 1909). The partnership was dissolved in 1892.[1] Among their major joint commissions were the Georgia State Capitol,[2] and buildings for Notre Dame University, and the Mecca Apartments (1891-1892) in Chicago, where Edbrooke served as superintendent of construction. The division of responsibilities and credit for constructions at the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893, may have finalized the dissolution of the partnership. Edbrooke resited in Washington DC, where in his position as supervising architect of the Treasury Department, he initiated the design of at least forty buildings.[3]

The monumentally classical Georgia State Capitol shows Burnham's design sensibility rather than Edbrooke's, as Edbrooke's late constructions show. At the turn of the twentieth century, fire destroyed many of the documents in storage at the Capitol, including the original plans and specifications for the building.[4] The competition for the capitol's design was judged by New York architect, George B. Post, who remarked its "beauty, strength and harmony" in justifying his selection of the Edbrooke and Burnham classicizing design, that it was more academically correct, simple and elegant, and monumental in its appearance.[5] At the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893, the Government Building was ascribed to Willoughby J. Edbrooke.[6] Its classicizing design fit in harmoniously with the "White City" that ushered in the American Renaissance movement and the age of Beaux-Arts architecture. At the Exposition, Franklin P. Burnham was officially credited only with the Cold-Storage Warehouse, while "Willoughby J. Edbrooke, Washington" is credited with the United States Government Building and the other official federal exhibits.[7]

His major commissions were:

Edbrooke was a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects.

His son Harry W.J. Edbrooke went into practice with Willoughby's brother, Frank E. Edbrooke, the dean of early Denver architecture.[15]

Notes

  1. ^ Michael H. Ebner, Creating Chicago's North Shore: A Suburban History 1988:66
  2. ^ "City of Atlanta on-line": Georgia State Capitol
  3. ^ Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects quoted at "City of Atlanta on-line"
  4. ^ "City of Atlanta on-line": Georgia State Capitol
  5. ^ Edwin L. Jackson, "The Story of Georgia's Capitols and Capital Cities"
  6. ^ SAIC Digital Libraries Documentary photographs.
  7. ^ The American Indian School, Army Hospital, Government Lighthouse, Heliograph and Transit House, Life-saving Station, Naval Observatory and Weather Bureau, in addition to the Government Building. ("The Architects and Their Buildings").
  8. ^ Notre Dame University Buildings Inventory
  9. ^ Emporis.com: San Jose Museum of Art.
  10. ^ Template:PDFlink.
  11. ^ John D. Milner (June 22, 1973), Template:PDFlink, National Park Service
  12. ^ http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=siouxcitycityhall-siouxcity-ia-usa Emporis.com: Sioux City City Hall]
  13. ^ Dr Mary Ann Sullivan: "Milwaukee Federal Building": captioned photographs.
  14. ^ Emporis.com: Landmark Center
  15. ^ Francis J. Pierson, Dennis J. (FRW) Gallagher, Getting to Know Denver: Five Fabulous Walking Tours 2006:16.
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