Inuvialuktun

Inuvialuktun
Inuktitut, Siglitun, Uummarmiutun, Kangiryuarmiutun
Native to	Canada (Northwest Territories)
Region	North America
Native speakers	400–700
Language family	Eskaleut Inuit Inuvialuktun
Official status
Official language in	Northwest Territories (Canada)
Regulated by	Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre and Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami
Language codes
ISO 639-1	iu
ISO 639-2	iku
ISO 639-3	ikt

Inuvialuktun are three dialect of the language of the Inuit spoken in the northern Northwest Territories by those Canadian Inuit who call themselves Inuvialuit.

Inuvialuktun is spoken by the Inuit of the Mackenzie River delta in the Northwest Territories, Banks Island, part of Victoria Island and the Arctic Ocean coast of the Northwest Territories - the lands of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. The government of the Northwest Territories considers Inuvialuktun distinct from the Inuktitut spoken in Nunavut.

Inuvialuktun is an official language of the Northwest Territories and is written using the Roman alphabet, like all NWT official languages, and has no tradition of Inuktitut syllabics. However, the official understanding of Inuvialuktun is somewhat at variance to the way linguists understand it. Rather than a single dialect, Inuvialuktun is a politically motivated grouping of three quite distinct and separate dialects.

Before the 20th century, the Inuvialuit Settlement Region was primarily inhabited by Siglit Inuit who spoke the Siglitun dialect, but in the second half of the 19th century, their numbers were dramatically reduced by the introduction of new diseases. Inuit from Alaska moved into traditionally Siglit areas in the 1910s and 20s, enticed in part by renewed demand for furs from the Hudson's Bay Company. These Inuit are called Uummarmiut - which means people of the green trees - in reference to their settlements near the tree line. Originally, there was an intense dislike between the Siglit and the Uummarmiut, but these differences have faded over the years, and the two communities are thoroughly intermixed these days.

Dialects

Inuvialuktun has three main dialect divisions, plus a fourth dialect conventionally grouped here from a neighboring language:

• Siglitun: Until the 1980s, it was believed that the Siglitun dialect was extinct, but it is still spoken by people in Paulatuk, Sachs Harbour and Tuktoyaktuk.
• Inuinnaqtun consists of 4 subdialects: Kangiryuarmiutun, Coppermine, Bathurst, Cambridge. The Kangiryuarmiutun subdialect is spoken in the small community of Ulukhaktok. It is essentially identical to the Inuinnaqtun spoken in the bordering part of Nunavut.
• Natsilingmiutut consists of 3 subdialects: Natsilik, Arviligjuaq, Utkuhikhalik
• Uummarmiutun, the dialect of the Uummarmiut, is essentially identical to the Inupiatun dialect spoken in Alaska, and is considered an Iñupiaq language, but is conventionally grouped with Inuvialuktun. Uummarmiutun is found in the communities of Inuvik and Aklavik.

Inuvialuktun phrases

English	Inuvialuktun	pronunciation
Hello	Atitu	Aa-teet-oo
Good Bye	Ilaannilu/Qakugulu	Ee-laan-nee-loo/Kako-goo-loo
Thank you	Quyanainni	Koo-yaan-ein-nee
You are welcome	Amiunniin	Ameon-neen
How are you?	Qanuq itpin?	Kaa-nowk eet-pin
I am fine	Nakuyumi/Nakuyumi assi	Naa-koo-yoo-mee asse
Good morning	Ublaami	Oobl-aa-mee
Yes	Ii	Ee
No	Naaggai	naag-gei
Cold! Brrr!	Alaappa!	Aa-laa-ba!
*Gasp* (an expression used when alarmed or fearful)	Alii	Aa-lee
See you later	Anaqanaallu	Ana-kan-aa-lyou
Wow/Awesome	Aqqali	Aak-kaa-lee
Listen!	Ata!	Aa-tei
See you, too	Ilaanniptauq	Eel-aan-neep-took
It is like this	Imaaniittuaq	Ee-maa-nein-toak
Like this	Imanna	Ee-maan-nei
Whose?	Kia?	Key-a
Who is this?	Kina una?	Kee-naa oona
Where?	Nani?/Naung?/Sumi?	Naa-nee/Now-ng/Soo-mee
Where are you from?	Nakinngaaqpin?/Sumiutauvin?	Naa-king-aak-pin/Soo-meot-ow-vin
How much does it cost?	Qanuq akitutigivaa?	Kaa-nowk aak-eet-oot-ege-vaa
How old is he/she?	Qanuq ukiuqtutigiva?	Kaa-nowk ook-eok-too-tee-gee-va?
What do you call it?	Qanuq taivakpiung?	Kaa-nowk tei-vak-pee-ung
What is time?	Sumukpaung?	Soo-mook-pow-ng
What for?	Suksaq?	Soo-ks-ak
Why? Or how come?	Suuq?	Sook
What?	Suva?/Suna?	Soo-va/Soo-na
Doesn't matter/It is ok	Sunngittuq	Soo-ngi-took
What are you doing?	Suvin?	Soo-vin
It can't be helped! Too bad.	Qanurviituq!	Kaa-noor-veet-ok
in fact, actually	Nutim	Noo-teim
Do it again!	Pipsaarung!	Peep-saa-roo-ng
Go ahead and do it	Piung	Peo-ng
It is cold out!	Qiqauniqtuaq	Kee-kow-neek-toak
Christmas	Qitchirvik	Ket-cheer-veek
Candy	Uqummiaqataaq	Oo-koom-meak-aa-taak
Play music	Atuqtuuyaqtuaq	Auto-too-yaak-toak
Drum dancing	Qilaun/Qilausiyaqtuaq	Kee-lown/Kee-low-see-yaak-toak
Church	Angaadjuvik	Ang-aa-djoo-veek
Bell	Aviluraun	Aa-vee-loo-row-n
Jewels	Savaqutit	Saa-vaa-koot-eet
Eskimo ice cream	Akutuq	Ako-took
That's all!	Taima!	Tei-ma

Siglitun Inuvialuktun snow terms	English meaning
Apiqaun	first snow layer in autumn that stays
Apusiqqaun	first fall of snow
Aqiuyaq	small, fresh snowdrift
Masak	waterlogged snow
Mauyaa	deep, soft snow
Minguliruqtuaq	blowing wet snow
Piangnaq	good snow conditions for sled travel

Preservation

English has in recent years become the common language of the Inuvialuit. Surveys of Inuktitut usage in the NWT vary, but all agree that usage is not vigorous. According to the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre, only some 10% of the roughly 4,000 Inuvialuit speak any dialect of Inuvialuktun, and only some 4% use it at home. [1] Statistics Canada's 2001 Census reports 765 self-identified Inuvialuktun speakers out of a self-reported Inuvialuit population of 3,905.

With only a few hundred speakers and already divided into diverse dialects, Inuvialuktun's future appears bleak.

Phonology

Main article: Inuit phonology

Further reading

• Harper, Kenn. Current Status of Writing Systems for Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun and Inuvialuktun. [Yellowknife, N.W.T.]: Northwest Territories, Culture and Communications, 1992.

External links

• Inuvaluit Region - Languages