Yokosuka E1Y: Difference between revisions
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==Development and design== |
==Development and design== |
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In 1921, the Japanese Naval Arsenal at [[Yokosuka, Kanagawa|Yokosuka]] started design of a single-engined reconnaissance [[floatplane]] to replace the Navy's [[Yokosuka Ro-Go Ko-Gata]] floatplanes. The resulting aircraft, the '''Type 10 Reconnaissance Seaplane'''{{ref label|Note1|a|a}} was designed by a team lead by a member of a visiting delegation from [[Short Brothers]] of the [[United Kingdom]]. It was a single engined two-bay, two-seat [[biplane]] powered by a 400 hp (298 kW) [[Lorraine- |
In 1921, the Japanese Naval Arsenal at [[Yokosuka, Kanagawa|Yokosuka]] started design of a single-engined reconnaissance [[floatplane]] to replace the Navy's [[Yokosuka Ro-Go Ko-Gata]] floatplanes. The resulting aircraft, the '''Type 10 Reconnaissance Seaplane'''{{ref label|Note1|a|a}} was designed by a team lead by a member of a visiting delegation from [[Short Brothers]] of the [[United Kingdom]]. It was a single engined two-bay, two-seat [[biplane]] powered by a 400 hp (298 kW) [[Lorraine-Dietrich]] engine. Two were completed in 1923, but showed poor performance due to being overweight. A modified aircraft, the Type 10 Model A flew in 1924, showing only slight improvement, while a further revised prototype, the Model B flew in 1925, this curing the aircraft's weight problems while demonstrating better stability and control. As a result, several pre-production Type Bs were built.<ref name="Mikesh p272"> Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.272.</ref> |
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Although the Type 10 was not adopted by the Japanese Navy,<ref name="Mikesh p272"/> it was again redesigned, reducing the wingspan from 16.16 m (53 ft 0¼ in) to 13.99 m (45 ft 11 in) and reducing the empty weight from 1,912 kg (4,215 lb) to 1,660 kg (3,659 lb).<ref name="Mikesh p272 5"> Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp. 272, 275.</ref> In this form, the revised design was accepted in January 1926 as the '''Type 14 Reconnaissance Seaplane''', later receiving the [[Japanese military aircraft designation systems|short designation]] E1Y.<ref name="Mikesh p273"> Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.273.</ref> |
Although the Type 10 was not adopted by the Japanese Navy,<ref name="Mikesh p272"/> it was again redesigned, reducing the wingspan from 16.16 m (53 ft 0¼ in) to 13.99 m (45 ft 11 in) and reducing the empty weight from 1,912 kg (4,215 lb) to 1,660 kg (3,659 lb).<ref name="Mikesh p272 5"> Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp. 272, 275.</ref> In this form, the revised design was accepted in January 1926 as the '''Type 14 Reconnaissance Seaplane''', later receiving the [[Japanese military aircraft designation systems|short designation]] E1Y.<ref name="Mikesh p273"> Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.273.</ref> |
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A total of 218 E1Y1 and E1Y2s were built by Yokosuka (23), [[Nakajima Aircraft Company]] (47) and [[Aichi Kokuki|Aichi]] (148). 102 E1Y3s were built by Aichi.<ref name="Mikesh p275"/> |
A total of 218 E1Y1 and E1Y2s were built by Yokosuka (23), [[Nakajima Aircraft Company]] (47) and [[Aichi Kokuki|Aichi]] (148). 102 E1Y3s were built by Aichi.<ref name="Mikesh p275"/> |
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==Operational history== |
==Operational history== |
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The E1Y1 and E1Y2 entered service in 1926, replacing Yokosuka Ro-Go Ko-Gata and [[Hansa-Brandenburg W.33]] seaplanes, with the E1Y3 following them into service from 1931. The E1Ys formed the main reconnaissance seaplane equipment of the fleet, operating from [[Battleship]]s and [[seaplane tender]]s. E1Ys were operated from the seaplane tender [[Japanese seaplane carrier Notoro|''Notoro'']] during the [[January 28 Incident|Shanghai Incident]] of early 1932. The E1Y remained in use until the early part of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].<ref name="Mikesh p274"/> |
The E1Y1 and E1Y2 entered service in 1926, replacing Yokosuka Ro-Go Ko-Gata and [[Hansa-Brandenburg W.33]] seaplanes, with the E1Y3 following them into service from 1931. The E1Ys formed the main reconnaissance seaplane equipment of the fleet, operating from [[Battleship]]s and [[seaplane tender]]s. E1Ys were operated from the seaplane tender [[Japanese seaplane carrier Notoro|''Notoro'']] during the [[January 28 Incident|Shanghai Incident]] of early 1932. The E1Y remained in use until the early part of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].<ref name="Mikesh p274"/> |
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Revision as of 21:26, 7 July 2009
| E1Y | |
|---|---|
| Role | Reconaissance floatplane |
| National origin | Japan |
| Manufacturer | Yokosuka |
| First flight | 1923 |
| Introduction | 1926 |
| Primary user | Imperial Japanese Navy |
| Number built | 320[1] |
The Yokosuka E1Y was a Japanese floatplane of the 1920s. A single-engined biplane that was designed and developed by the Yokosuka Naval Air Technical Arsenal as a reconnaissance aircraft for the Imperial Japanese Navy, 320 were built as the Type 14 Reconnaissance Seaplane, entering service in 1925 and remained in operational service until 1932.
Development and design
In 1921, the Japanese Naval Arsenal at Yokosuka started design of a single-engined reconnaissance floatplane to replace the Navy's Yokosuka Ro-Go Ko-Gata floatplanes. The resulting aircraft, the Type 10 Reconnaissance Seaplane[a] was designed by a team lead by a member of a visiting delegation from Short Brothers of the United Kingdom. It was a single engined two-bay, two-seat biplane powered by a 400 hp (298 kW) Lorraine-Dietrich engine. Two were completed in 1923, but showed poor performance due to being overweight. A modified aircraft, the Type 10 Model A flew in 1924, showing only slight improvement, while a further revised prototype, the Model B flew in 1925, this curing the aircraft's weight problems while demonstrating better stability and control. As a result, several pre-production Type Bs were built.[2]
Although the Type 10 was not adopted by the Japanese Navy,[2] it was again redesigned, reducing the wingspan from 16.16 m (53 ft 0¼ in) to 13.99 m (45 ft 11 in) and reducing the empty weight from 1,912 kg (4,215 lb) to 1,660 kg (3,659 lb).[3] In this form, the revised design was accepted in January 1926 as the Type 14 Reconnaissance Seaplane, later receiving the short designation E1Y.[4]
Two versions entered service in 1926, a two-seater powered by a 400 hp Lorraine Deitrich 1 V-12 engine, the Type 14-1 or E1Y1, and a three-seater with all-metal floats and a more powerful Lorraine-Deitrich 2 W engine.[5] In 1928, the Type 14-2 was used as the basis for the Type 90-3 Reconnaissance Seaplane, of which about 20 were built as the Yokosuka E5Y1 and Kawanishi E5K1.[6]
As the Type 90-3 showed little improvement over the Type 14-2 from which it was developed, in 1931, Yokosuka developed the further refined Type 14-3 Reconnaissance aircraft, with a new tail, a geared Lorraine-Deitrich 3 engine and significantly improved performance.[5]
A total of 218 E1Y1 and E1Y2s were built by Yokosuka (23), Nakajima Aircraft Company (47) and Aichi (148). 102 E1Y3s were built by Aichi.[7]
Operational history
The E1Y1 and E1Y2 entered service in 1926, replacing Yokosuka Ro-Go Ko-Gata and Hansa-Brandenburg W.33 seaplanes, with the E1Y3 following them into service from 1931. The E1Ys formed the main reconnaissance seaplane equipment of the fleet, operating from Battleships and seaplane tenders. E1Ys were operated from the seaplane tender Notoro during the Shanghai Incident of early 1932. The E1Y remained in use until the early part of the Second Sino-Japanese War.[5]
Many E1Ys were sold as civil aircraft from 1932, usually converted with a cabin for three or four passengers. Some were fitted with Napier Lion engines.[8]
Variants
- Type 10 Reconnaissance Seaplane
- Prototype reconnaissance seaplane, powered by 400 hp (298 kW) Lorraine-Deitrich 1 V-12 engine but overweight. Two built.[2]
- Type 10 Model A Reconnaissance Seaplane
- Revised prototype, one built.[2]
- Type 10 Model B Reconnaissance Seaplane
- Further modified prototype and pre-production aircraft.[2]
- Type 14-1 Reconnaissance Seaplane (E1Y1)
- Initial production version, powered by 400 hp (298 kW) Lorraine-Deitrich 1.[5]
- Type 14-2 Reconnaissance Seaplane (E1Y2)
- Modified version, with new all metal floats and 450 hp (336 kW) Lorraine-Deitrich 2 W-engine.[5]
- Type 14-3 Reconnaissance Seaplane (E1Y3)
- Further improved version with new tail and improved performance.[5]
- Type 14 Modified Transport Seaplane
- Civil conversion.[8]
Operators
Specifications (E1Y2)
Data from Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941 [7]
General characteristics
- Crew: 3
Performance
- Endurance: 9 hr
- Climb to 3,000 m (9,840 ft): 28 min 13 sec
Armament
- Guns: 1× flexibly mounted 7.7 mm machine gun
- Bombs: 2× 110 kg (240 lb) or 4× 30 kg (66 lb) bombs
See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Notes
- a The type number was the year of the Taishō Emporer's reign, i.e. Type 10 = 1921.[9]
- ^ Donald 1997, p.922.
- ^ a b c d e Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.272.
- ^ Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp. 272, 275.
- ^ Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.273.
- ^ a b c d e f Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.274.
- ^ Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp.278—279.
- ^ a b Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.275.
- ^ a b Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp.274—275.
- ^ Mikesh and Abe 1990, p.2.
References
- Donald, David (ed.). The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Leicester, UK:Blitz Editions, 1997. ISBN1-85605-375-X.
- Mikesh, Robert and Abe, Shorzoe. Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941. London:Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0 85177 840 2.