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Dbachmann (talk | contribs)
227,714 edits
back to reasonable infobox. no, the count does not include "ancestry". Populations below 20,000 are hardly :"significant".
Soap9000 (talk | contribs)
68 edits
ok, who decided that this page doesn't include ancestry and when
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{{Ethnic group|
{{Ethnic group|
|group=Swiss<br> ''Schweizer / Suisses / Svizzeri''
|group=Swiss<br> ''Schweizer / Suisses / Svizzeri''
|image=[[Image:Johann Bernoulli.jpg|80px]][[Image:Guillaume-Henri Dufour (Irminger).png|80px]][[Image:Vallotton_Mon_portrait_1885.jpg|80px]][[Image:Henry Nestle.jpg|80px]][[Image:Leonhard Euler 2.jpg|80px]][[Image:Elisabeth Kopp.gif|80px]]
|image=[[Image:Roger Federer Basel 2006 Crop.jpg|60px]][[Image:Ursula Andress at Somerset House in 2004.JPG|73px]][[Image:Johann Bernoulli.jpg|69px]][[Image:Vallotton Mon portrait 1885.jpg|72px]][[Image:Henry nestle.jpg|70px]][[Image:Leonhard Euler.jpeg|77px]][[Image:Guillaume-Henri Dufour (Irminger).png|73px]][[Image:Elisabeth Kopp.gif|77px]][[Image:Bathyscaphe Trieste Piccard-Walsh.jpg|60px]]
|caption=<small>[[Johann Bernoulli]]{{•}}[[Henri Dufour]]{{•}}[[Félix Vallotton]]<br/>[[Henri Nestlé]]{{•}}[[Leonhard Euler]]{{•}}[[Elisabeth Kopp]]
|caption=<small>[[Roger Federer]], [[Ursula Andress]], [[Johann Bernoulli]], [[Félix Vallotton]], [[Henri Nestlé]], [[Leonhard Euler]], [[Henri Dufour]], [[Elisabeth Kopp]], [[Jacques Piccard]]
|regions= [[Swiss Alps]], [[Swiss plateau]], [[Jura Mountains|Jura]]
|regions= [[Swiss Alps]], [[Swiss plateau]], [[Jura Mountains|Jura]]
|population = '''~10,000,000'''
|population = 6.66 million<ref>official figures for [http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/schweizer_im_ausland.html 2007] ([http://www.bfs.admin.ch Federal Office of Statistics])</ref>
|tablehdr=
|tablehdr=
|region1= {{SUI}}
|region1= {{SUI}}
|pop1= '''5.99 million'''
|pop1= 5,991,400
|ref1= <ref>{{cite web |title=Bevölkerungsstand und -struktur – IndikatorenStaatsangehörigkeit |url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/05.html |language=German |work= |publisher=Statistik Schweiz |accessdate=2009-06-30}}</ref>
|ref1=
|region2= rest of [[Europe]]
|region2= {{USA}}
|pop2= '''415,000'''
|pop2= 1,040,242{{smallsup|a}}
|ref2= <ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-qr_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_DP2&-context=adp&-ds_name=ACS_2007_1YR_G00_&-tree_id=307&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= 2007 American Community Survey - Social Characteristics in the United States]</ref>
|region3= {{FRA}}
|region3= {{FRA}}
|pop3= (177,000)
|pop3= 177,598
|ref3= <ref name="ald">{{cite web |title=Auslandschweizerstatistik 2008 nach Wohnländern |url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/etc/medialib/downloads/edazen/doc/publi/publi2.Par.0023.File.tmp/2008%20AS%20Wohnland.pdf |language=German |work= |publisher=[[Federal Department of Foreign Affairs]] |accessdate=30 June 2009}}</ref>
|ref3=
|region4= {{GER}}
|region4= {{CAN}}
|pop4= (75,000)
|pop4=148,680{{smallsup|b}}
|ref4= <ref>{{cite web |title=Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=2&Data=Count&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All |date= |work= |publisher=Statistics Canada |accessdate=2009-06-30}}</ref>
|ref4=
|region5= {{ITA}}
|region5= {{CHI}}
|pop5= (48,000)
|pop5= ~95,000
|ref5= <ref>{{cite web |title=Schweizergruppe |url=http://schweizergruppe.sv.tc/ |date= |work= |publisher=Schweizergruppe |accessdate=2009-07-01}}</ref>
|ref5=
|region6= {{UK}}
|region6= {{GER}}
|pop6= (28,000)
|pop6= 75,439
|ref6=
|ref6= <ref name="ald"/>
|region7 = [[Americas]]
|region7= {{URU}}
|pop7= '''169,000'''
|pop7= ~50,000
|ref7= <ref>{{cite web |title=Suiza y Uruguay comparten muchos valores |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/portada/Suiza_y_Uruguay_comparten_muchos_valores.html?siteSect=109&sid=7851832&cKey=1179943536000&ty=st |date=2007-05-23 |language=Spanish |quote=En Uruguay se estima que hay cerca de 50.000 descendientes de suizos, pero no llegan a mil los que conservan la ciudadanía helvética. |publisher=[[swissinfo]] |accessdate=30 June 2009}}</ref>
|region8= {{CHI}}
|region8={{AUS}}
|pop8= (90,000)
|pop8=26,512{{smallsup|c}}
|ref8= <ref>[http://schweizergruppe.sv.tc/ schweizergruppe.]</ref>
|ref8=<ref>{{cite web |title= 2006 Australia Census Tables - Ancestry by sex |url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/download?format=xls&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Ancestry%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&areacode=0 |date= |work= |publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]] |accessdate=30 June 2009}}</ref>
|region9= {{USA}}
|region9= {{ITA}}
|pop9= (74,000)
|ref9=
|pop9= 48,147
|ref9= <ref name="ald"/>
|region10= {{URU}}
|region10= {{UK}}
|pop10= (50,000)
|pop10= 28,438
|ref10= <ref>[http://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/portada/Suiza_y_Uruguay_comparten_muchos_valores.html?siteSect=109&sid=7851832&cKey=1179943536000&ty=st Suiza y Uruguay.]</ref>
|ref10= <ref name="ald"/>
|region11= {{CAN}}
|pop11= (38,000)
|ref11=
|languages= [[Swiss German]], [[Swiss French]], [[Swiss Italian]], [[Romansh language|Romansh]]
|languages= [[Swiss German]], [[Swiss French]], [[Swiss Italian]], [[Romansh language|Romansh]]
|religions = [[Roman Catholicism]], [[Zwinglianism]], [[Calvinism]]
|religions = [[Roman Catholicism]], [[Zwinglianism]], [[Calvinism]]
|footnotes = {{smallsup|a}} 1,018,853 by ancestry, 21,389 [[permanent resident]]s<ref name="ald"/><br/>
{{smallsup|b}} 137,775 by ancestry, 10,905 permanent residents<ref name="ald"/><br/>
{{smallsup|c}} 26,512 by ancestry, 4,463 permanent residents<ref name="ald"/>
}}
}}
The '''Swiss''' ({{lang-de|die Schweizer}}, {{lang-fr|les Suisses}}, {{lang-it|gli Svizzeri}}, {{lang-rm|ils Svizzers}}) are citizens of the [[Swiss Confederation]], natives of Switzerland, and their descendants.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |year= |title =Swiss |encyclopedia=[[New Oxford American Dictionary]] |publisher= |location= |id= }}</ref> The [[demonym]] derives from the [[toponym]] of ''[[Schwyz]]'' and has been in widespread use to refer to the [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] since the 16th century.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |year= |title =Schwyz |encyclopedia=[[New Oxford American Dictionary]] |publisher= |location= |id= }}</ref>
The '''Swiss''' ({{lang-de|die Schweizer}}, {{lang-fr|les Suisses}}, {{lang-it|gli Svizzeri}}, {{lang-rm|ils Svizzers}}) are citizens of the [[Swiss Confederation]], natives of Switzerland, and their descendants.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |year= |title =Swiss |encyclopedia=[[New Oxford American Dictionary]] |publisher= |location= |id= }}</ref> The [[demonym]] derives from the [[toponym]] of ''[[Schwyz]]'' and has been in widespread use to refer to the [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] since the 16th century.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |year= |title =Schwyz |encyclopedia=[[New Oxford American Dictionary]] |publisher= |location= |id= }}</ref>

Revision as of 22:59, 8 July 2009

Swiss
Schweizer / Suisses / Svizzeri
Roger Federer, Ursula Andress, Johann Bernoulli, Félix Vallotton, Henri Nestlé, Leonhard Euler, Henri Dufour, Elisabeth Kopp, Jacques Piccard
Total population
~10,000,000
Regions with significant populations
Swiss Alps, Swiss plateau, Jura
 Switzerland5,991,400[1]
 United States1,040,242a[2]
 France177,598[3]
 Canada148,680b[4]
 Chile~95,000[5]
 Germany75,439[3]
 Uruguay~50,000[6]
 Australia26,512c[7]
 Italy48,147[3]
 United Kingdom28,438[3]
Languages
Swiss German, Swiss French, Swiss Italian, Romansh
Religion
Roman Catholicism, Zwinglianism, Calvinism
a 1,018,853 by ancestry, 21,389 permanent residents[3]

b 137,775 by ancestry, 10,905 permanent residents[3]

c 26,512 by ancestry, 4,463 permanent residents[3]

The Swiss (Template:Lang-de, Template:Lang-fr, Template:Lang-it, Template:Lang-rm) are citizens of the Swiss Confederation, natives of Switzerland, and their descendants.[8] The demonym derives from the toponym of Schwyz and has been in widespread use to refer to the Old Swiss Confederacy since the 16th century.[9]

Although the modern state of Switzerland originated in 1848, the period of romantic nationalism, it is not a nation-state, and the Swiss are not usually considered to form a single ethnic group, but a confederacy (Eidgenossenschaft) or Willensnation ("nation of will", "nation by choice", that is, a consociational state), a term coined in conscious contrast to "nation" in the ethnic sense of the term. Dissent to the effect that the state should be re-oriented along ethnic lines is constrained to far-right and völkisch circles such as the PNOS and remains a fringe position (held by far below 1% of Swiss citizens) in direct opposition to the letter and spirit of the Swiss Constitution.

The Swiss have grown in number from 1.7 million in 1815 to 6.7 million in 2007, 90% of them living in Switzerland. About 60% of those living abroad reside in the European Union (415,000), the largest overseas community is in the USA (74,000).

Ethno-linguistic composition

Main article: Linguistic geography of Switzerland

The traditional ethnic composition of the territories of modern Switzerland includes the following components

With worldwide human migration, there is an increasing number of Swiss not descended or only partially descended from the core ethnic groups listed above. Naturalized Swiss citizens will be linguistically oriented according their canton of residence.

Similarly, differences between the several regions of Switzerland are increasingly levelled as a consequence of increased mobility, so that the Swiss as a whole may be argued to be in the process of undergoing ethnogenesis.

Diaspora

The Swiss diaspora (Template:Lang-de), also referred to as "fifth Switzerland" (Template:Lang-de, Template:Lang-it, Template:Lang-fr), alluding to the fourfold linguistic division within Switzerland), Swiss people living abroad, accounts for some 9% of Swiss citizens.

In 2006 (on 31 December), 645,010 Swiss citizens were registered as residing abroad. 71% of these had dual citizenships. Of these, 389,732 (60%) resided in the European Union. About 498,395 of Swiss residing abroad were adults, 146,615 were minors aged below 18 years. Of the adult population, 58.2% were female, 41.8% were male. The distribution by continent is: 415,000 in Europe, 169,000 in the Americas, 35,000 in Asia, 28,000 in Oceania and 19,000 in Africa.

Russia

Main article: Swiss emigration to Russia

There was significant emigration of Swiss people to the Russian Empire from the late 17th to the late 19th century. The late 18th and early 19th century saw a flow of Swiss farmers forming colonies such as Şaba (Bessarabia, at the Dniester Liman, now part of the Ukraine). The Russian-Swiss generally prospered, partly merging with German diaspora populations.

United States

Main article: Swiss American

The first Swiss person in what is now known as the territory of the United States was Theobald von Erlach (1541 - 1565).[10] Most Swiss preferred rural villages of the Midwest and the Pacific Coast where especially the Italian Swiss were taking part in California’s winegrowing culture.[11] Swiss immigration diminished after 1930 because of the Great Depression and World War II.

Naturalization

Swiss nationality law requires of candidates for naturalization a minimum of twelve years of permanent, legal, notated residence and fluency in one national language as well as integration into the Swiss way of life and compliance with the Swiss rule of law.

Statistics

With more than 20% resident aliens, Switzerland has one of the highest ratios of non-naturalized inhabitants in Europe (comparable to the Netherlands; roughly twice the ratio of Germany). In 2003, 35,424 residents were naturalized, a number exceeding net population growth. Over the 25 year period of 1983 to 2007, 479,264 resident foreigners were naturalized, yearly numbers rising gradually from below 10,000 (0.1%) in the 1980s to above 40,000 (0.6%) in the 2000s.[12] Compare the figure of 0.2% (140,795) in the United Kingdom (2004).[13]

Controversies

Naturalization procedures are subject to some controversy, with left-wing positions typically ascribing the high ratio of resident aliens to overly strict requirements, and right-wing positions opposing facilitation of naturalization as an attempt to hide the high percentage of foreigners by merely nominal naturalization.

The controversy is fuelled the increasing rate of naturalizations, and by the debate on delinquent foreigners: 48.9% of those convicted under criminal law in 2003 were foreigners, amounting to a conviction rate about 3.7 times higher among foreigners than among Swiss citizens. These circumstances have led to concerned reactions ranging to the xenophobic in popular media, notably connected with a series of severe accidents involving excessive speeding on the part of young males from former Yugoslavia in 2004 and 2005[14][15]. Detractors of arguments based on conviction rates point out that this number is inflated by delinquent illegal aliens or asylum seekers, who are not candidates for naturalization and thus irrelevant to the debate.

Genetics

Further information: Genetic history of Europe and Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic groups

The genetic composition of the Swiss population is similar to that of Central Europe in general. Switzerland is on one hand at the crossroads of several prehistoric migrations, while on the other hand the Alps acted as a refuge in some cases. Genetic studies found the following haplogroups to be prevalent:

Notes

  1. ^ "Bevölkerungsstand und -struktur – IndikatorenStaatsangehörigkeit" (in German). Statistik Schweiz. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
  2. ^ 2007 American Community Survey - Social Characteristics in the United States
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Auslandschweizerstatistik 2008 nach Wohnländern" (PDF) (in German). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 30 June 2009.
  4. ^ "Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
  5. ^ "Schweizergruppe". Schweizergruppe. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  6. ^ "Suiza y Uruguay comparten muchos valores" (in Spanish). swissinfo. 2007-05-23. Retrieved 30 June 2009. En Uruguay se estima que hay cerca de 50.000 descendientes de suizos, pero no llegan a mil los que conservan la ciudadanía helvética.
  7. ^ "2006 Australia Census Tables - Ancestry by sex". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 30 June 2009.
  8. ^ "Swiss". New Oxford American Dictionary.
  9. ^ "Schwyz". New Oxford American Dictionary.
  10. ^ Swiss Americans
  11. ^ History of Swiss Settlers
  12. ^ Bundesamt für Migration
  13. ^ Persons Granted British Citizenship, 2004 (pdf)
  14. ^ (in German) Wissen die Schweizer was der Balkan ist?
  15. ^ (in German) Schweiz Aktuell Archiv Sendung vom 30.06.2004
  16. ^ [1]
  17. ^ associated with the Paleolithic (Cro-Magnon); forming a small local maximum [2]
  18. ^ associated with the Neolithic revolution
  19. ^ [3][4], together with Northern Italy forming a local I1c minimum [5]
  20. ^ exhibiting a gradient of decreasing frequency east to west, shared with Germany and Northern Italy [6]
  21. ^ however at a local minimum [7]

See also

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Swiss_people&oldid=301082949"