Pietro Ciriaci: Difference between revisions
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'''Pietro Ciriaci''' ( |
'''Pietro Ciriaci''' (2 December 1885—30 December 1966) was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] who served as [[Prefect]] of the [[Congregation for the Clergy|Sacred Congregation of the Council]] in the [[Roman Curia]] from 1954 until his death, and was elevated to the [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinalate]] in 1953 by [[Pope Pius XII]]. |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Ciriaci was born in [[Rome]] to Giuseppe Ciriaci and his wife Maria Giuggiolini Magnaterra. [[Baptism|Baptized]] in the [[Churches of Rome|church]] of [[San Crisogono]], he received his [[first Communion]] on 27 June 1897. Ciriaci entered the [[Pontifical Roman Seminary]] on 31 October 1902, and then studied at the [[Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare]], where he obtained [[doctorate]]s in [[Doctor of Philosophy|philosophy]] (5 July 1904), [[Doctor of Theology|theology]] (6 July 1909), and [[Doctor of Canon Law|canon law]] (8 November 1911). |
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[[Holy Orders|Ordained]] to the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]] on |
[[Holy Orders|Ordained]] to the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]] on [[18 December]] [[1909]], he was named vice-[[Curate|pastor]] of a Roman [[Parish (Catholic Church)|parish]] on 18 July [[1910]]. Ciriaci then taught [[Ethics|ethical]] [[philosophy]] and later fundamental [[theology]] at his ''[[alma mater]]'' of the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare until [[1926]]. He entered the [[Roman Curia]] as a ''scrittore'' of the [[Apostolic Penitentiary]] on 21 January [[1911]], and was promoted to ''registratore'' of the same on the following 15 December. |
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Before being raised to the rank of a [[Monsignor|Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary]] on |
Before being raised to the rank of a [[Monsignor|Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary]] on 26 October [[1918]], Ciriaci was named an official of the [[Congregation for the Clergy|Sacred Congregation of the Council]] (22 February [[1913]]) and of the first section of the [[Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs|Sacred Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs]] (16 June 1917). He was named [[Undersecretary]] of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs on 14 May [[1921]], and a [[Monsignor|Domestic Prelate of His Holiness]] on 27 March [[1922]]. |
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In 1927, [[Czechoslovakia]] replaced the [[holiday]] of [[John Chrysostom|St. John Chrysostom]] with that of [[Jan Hus]], a [[Christian heresy|heretic]] in the eyes of the Catholic Church. The situation had reached such a level that it even caused the Czech [[nuncio]], Archbishop Francesco Marmaggi, to leave his post. On |
In [[1927]], [[Czechoslovakia]] replaced the [[holiday]] of [[John Chrysostom|St. John Chrysostom]] with that of [[Jan Hus]], a [[Christian heresy|heretic]] in the eyes of the Catholic Church. The situation had reached such a level that it even caused the Czech [[nuncio]], Archbishop Francesco Marmaggi, to leave his post. On 27 March of that same year, Ciriaci was sent to Czechoslovakia as a special [[Diplomacy|envoy]] to solve the problem and to conclude the ''[[modus vivendi]]'' between Czechoslovakia and the [[Holy See]]. He successfully solved the problem and an agreement was signed on the following 17 December. |
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On |
On 15 February [[1928]], Ciriaci was appointed [[Nuncio]] to Czechoslovakia and [[Titular Archbishop of Tarsus]] by [[Pope Pius XI]]. He received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal consecration]] on the following 18 March from [[Pietro Cardinal Gasparri]], with Archbishop [[Carlo Cremonesi]] and Bishop [[Agostino Zampini]], [[Augustinians|OSA]], serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]]. Ciriaci was later named Nuncio to [[Portugal]] on 19 January [[1934]]. |
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[[Pope Pius XII]] created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal |
[[Pope Pius XII]] created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal-Priest]] of ''[[Santa Prassede]]'' in the [[consistory]] of 12 January [[1953]]. Cardinal Ciriaci was made [[Prefect]] of the Sacred Congregation of the Council on 20 March [[1954]], and [[President]] of the [[Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts|Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law]] on 31 May [[1955]]. After participating in the [[Papal conclave, 1958|1958 papal conclave]], he attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from [[1962]] to [[1965]], and served as a [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 1963|cardinal elector]] in the [[Papal conclave, 1963|conclave of 1963]] that selected [[Pope Paul VI]]. On 26 September [[1964]], he opted for the cardinalatial title of ''[[San Lorenzo in Lucina]]''. |
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Ciriaci died in his Roman residence on [[Via Rusticucci]], at age 81. His [[Requiem|funeral Mass]] was celebrated by Pope Paul on |
Ciriaci died in his Roman residence on [[Via Rusticucci]], at age 81. His [[Requiem|funeral Mass]] was celebrated by Pope Paul on 3 January [[1967]], in the [[basilica]] of San Lorenzo in Lucina. The Cardinal is buried in a [[chapel]] near the same basilica. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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title=[[Congregation for the Clergy|Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council]] | |
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before=[[Giuseppe Bruno]] | |
before=[[Giuseppe Bruno]] | |
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after=[[Jean-Marie Villot]] | |
after=[[Jean-Marie Cardinal Villot]] | |
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years=1954–1966 }} |
years=1954–1966 }} |
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title=[[Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts|President of the Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law]] | |
title=[[Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts|President of the Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law]] | |
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before=[[Massimo Massimi]] | |
before=[[Massimo Cardinal Massimi]] | |
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after=[[Pericle Felici]] | |
after=[[Pericle Cardinal Felici]] | |
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years=1955–1966 }} |
years=1955–1966 }} |
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Revision as of 20:53, 9 July 2009
| Styles of Pietro Cardinal Ciriaci | |
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| Reference style | His Eminence |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence |
| Informal style | Cardinal |
| See | none |
Pietro Ciriaci (2 December 1885—30 December 1966) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council in the Roman Curia from 1954 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1953 by Pope Pius XII.
Biography
Ciriaci was born in Rome to Giuseppe Ciriaci and his wife Maria Giuggiolini Magnaterra. Baptized in the church of San Crisogono, he received his first Communion on 27 June 1897. Ciriaci entered the Pontifical Roman Seminary on 31 October 1902, and then studied at the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare, where he obtained doctorates in philosophy (5 July 1904), theology (6 July 1909), and canon law (8 November 1911).
Ordained to the priesthood on 18 December 1909, he was named vice-pastor of a Roman parish on 18 July 1910. Ciriaci then taught ethical philosophy and later fundamental theology at his alma mater of the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare until 1926. He entered the Roman Curia as a scrittore of the Apostolic Penitentiary on 21 January 1911, and was promoted to registratore of the same on the following 15 December.
Before being raised to the rank of a Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary on 26 October 1918, Ciriaci was named an official of the Sacred Congregation of the Council (22 February 1913) and of the first section of the Sacred Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs (16 June 1917). He was named Undersecretary of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs on 14 May 1921, and a Domestic Prelate of His Holiness on 27 March 1922.
In 1927, Czechoslovakia replaced the holiday of St. John Chrysostom with that of Jan Hus, a heretic in the eyes of the Catholic Church. The situation had reached such a level that it even caused the Czech nuncio, Archbishop Francesco Marmaggi, to leave his post. On 27 March of that same year, Ciriaci was sent to Czechoslovakia as a special envoy to solve the problem and to conclude the modus vivendi between Czechoslovakia and the Holy See. He successfully solved the problem and an agreement was signed on the following 17 December.
On 15 February 1928, Ciriaci was appointed Nuncio to Czechoslovakia and Titular Archbishop of Tarsus by Pope Pius XI. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 18 March from Pietro Cardinal Gasparri, with Archbishop Carlo Cremonesi and Bishop Agostino Zampini, OSA, serving as co-consecrators. Ciriaci was later named Nuncio to Portugal on 19 January 1934.
Pope Pius XII created him Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede in the consistory of 12 January 1953. Cardinal Ciriaci was made Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council on 20 March 1954, and President of the Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law on 31 May 1955. After participating in the 1958 papal conclave, he attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965, and served as a cardinal elector in the conclave of 1963 that selected Pope Paul VI. On 26 September 1964, he opted for the cardinalatial title of San Lorenzo in Lucina.
Ciriaci died in his Roman residence on Via Rusticucci, at age 81. His funeral Mass was celebrated by Pope Paul on 3 January 1967, in the basilica of San Lorenzo in Lucina. The Cardinal is buried in a chapel near the same basilica.