Agaricus albolutescens: Difference between revisions
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'''''Agaricus albolutescens'''''<ref>''Albolutescens'', in [[botanical Latin]], which has developed a much richer vocabulary of color words than the Romans had, signifies a yellowish white.</ref> is a moderate-sized, stocky statured [[mushroom]] that has a pleasant odor and bruises slowly but persistently yellow.<ref name="Haard">{{cite book|last=Haard |
'''''Agaricus albolutescens'''''<ref>''Albolutescens'', in [[botanical Latin]], which has developed a much richer vocabulary of color words than the Romans had, signifies a yellowish white.</ref> is a moderate-sized, stocky statured [[mushroom]] that has a pleasant odor and bruises slowly but persistently yellow.<ref name="Haard">{{cite book|last=Haard |
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|first=Richard|coauthors=Karen Haard|title=Poisonous & hallucinogenic mushrooms|date=1975|pages=57|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XcQ_AAAAYAAJ&q=Agaricus+albolutescens&dq=Agaricus+albolutescens}}</ref> This character distinguishes it from other [[Agaricus]] species, such as ''Agaricus xanthodermus'', a mildly toxic species which has a phenolic or medicinal odor, and bruises fleetingly yellow. Fieldmarks of ''Agaricus albolutescens'' include a tendency to discolor tawny-brown, rather than merely yellow, and chocolate-brown free gills.<ref>Arora, pg 336</ref><ref name="MYKOWEB"/> ''Agaricus silvicola'' is very similar but has a less dramatic bruising [[reaction]], more yellowish than tawny, a normal rather than stocky [[stature]], and slightly smaller spores. It is believed that ''Agaricus albolutescens'' and ''Agaricus silvicola'' represent a single [[polymorphic]] species or a species complex.<ref>Arora, pg 335</ref><ref>Zeller, S.M. (1938). New or Noteworthy Agarics from the Pacific Coast States. ''Mycologia'' 30: 468-474.</ref> |
|first=Richard|coauthors=Karen Haard|title=Poisonous & hallucinogenic mushrooms|date=1975|pages=57|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XcQ_AAAAYAAJ&q=Agaricus+albolutescens&dq=Agaricus+albolutescens}}</ref> This character distinguishes it from other ''[[Agaricus]]'' species, such as ''Agaricus xanthodermus'', a mildly toxic species which has a phenolic or medicinal odor, and bruises fleetingly yellow. Fieldmarks of ''Agaricus albolutescens'' include a tendency to discolor tawny-brown, rather than merely yellow, and chocolate-brown free gills.<ref>Arora, pg 336</ref><ref name="MYKOWEB"/> ''Agaricus silvicola'' is very similar but has a less dramatic bruising [[reaction]], more yellowish than tawny, a normal rather than stocky [[stature]], and slightly smaller spores. It is believed that ''Agaricus albolutescens'' and ''Agaricus silvicola'' represent a single [[polymorphic]] species or a species complex.<ref>Arora, pg 335</ref><ref>Zeller, S.M. (1938). New or Noteworthy Agarics from the Pacific Coast States. ''Mycologia'' 30: 468-474.</ref> |
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==Desciption== |
==Desciption== |
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Revision as of 19:32, 31 July 2009
| Agaricus albolutescens | |
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| A pair of Agaricus albolutescens | |
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| Species: | A. albolutescens
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| Agaricus albolutescens Kerrigan
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Agaricus albolutescens[1] is a moderate-sized, stocky statured mushroom that has a pleasant odor and bruises slowly but persistently yellow.[2] This character distinguishes it from other Agaricus species, such as Agaricus xanthodermus, a mildly toxic species which has a phenolic or medicinal odor, and bruises fleetingly yellow. Fieldmarks of Agaricus albolutescens include a tendency to discolor tawny-brown, rather than merely yellow, and chocolate-brown free gills.[3][4] Agaricus silvicola is very similar but has a less dramatic bruising reaction, more yellowish than tawny, a normal rather than stocky stature, and slightly smaller spores. It is believed that Agaricus albolutescens and Agaricus silvicola represent a single polymorphic species or a species complex.[5][6]
Desciption
The cap is 6-12 cm broad, and convex; it becomes plano-convex to plano-depressed. Meanwhile, the margin is incurved, then decurved, overlapping the gills. Occasionally, it is wavy and appendiculate from veil fragments. The surface is dry and white; when bruised, it turns tawny-brown. The context varies from 1.5 to 2.0 cm thick; it is firm and turns pale-peach when cut. When the flesh is dry, odor and taste is musty.[7]
The gills are free, close, and, at first, pallid, though they then turn a pale pinkish-tan. As it ages, A. albsolutescens are dark chocolate-brown in age. The lamellulae are in five to six series.[8]
The stipe is 2.0-7.0 cm long, 1.5-3.0 cm thick, and more or less equal except for a bulbous base. In addition, they have a narrow, cottony central core. The surface of apex is palled and finely striate, while the lower stipe can vary from glabrous to sparsely covered with whitish fibrils, occasionally sheathed with cottony-floccose veil remnants. Like the cap, it yellows. The partial veil is layered. The surface underneath can be cottony or fibrillose. Sometimes, it fragments, leaving scattered cottony patches over a membranous-tomentose basement layer. The annulus is superior, thin, and initially erect, then pendulous.[9]
Spores
Spores are 6.0-7.5 x 4.0-5.0 µm, elliptical, and inequilateral in profile. In addition, they are smooth, moderately thick-walled, and have an inconspicuous hilar appendage. Their germ pore is absent.[4]
References
- Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms Demystified (2 ed.).
- Specific
- ^ Albolutescens, in botanical Latin, which has developed a much richer vocabulary of color words than the Romans had, signifies a yellowish white.
- ^ Haard, Richard (1975). Poisonous & hallucinogenic mushrooms. p. 57.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Arora, pg 336
- ^ a b Wood, Michael (1998). "Bovista aestivalis". Retrieved 2009-07-07.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Arora, pg 335
- ^ Zeller, S.M. (1938). New or Noteworthy Agarics from the Pacific Coast States. Mycologia 30: 468-474.
- ^ Kerrigan, Richard W. (1986). The Agaricales (Gilled Fungi) of California. 6. Agaricaceae. Mad River Press: Eureka, California. p. 62
- ^ Arora, pg 315
- ^ Arora, pg 331