Old Cordilleran culture: Difference between revisions
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The '''Old Cordilleran Culture''', also known as the '''Cascade phase''', is an ancient culture of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]] that settled in the [[Pacific Northwest|Pacific Northwestern region]] of [[North America]] that existed from 9000 or 10000 BC until about 5500 BC. It is thought it may be even older, depending on when human beings first arrived in America. They originated in [[Alaska]], and migrated to occupy a wide area as far as [[Idaho]] and the plateaus of [[California]], but they are generally not considered to be a maritime society. However their spear points, or at least what resembles them, have been found as far as [[Mexico]] and [[South America]].<ref name=lang>Josephy, Alvin M (August 26, 1991). ''The Indian Heritage of America''. Houghton Mifflin Books. ISBN 0-395-57320-3. p. 132</ref> This was the typical artifact of these people — a simple, bi-facial, leaf-shaped [[Cascade point|projectile point]] which average about {{convert|6|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} in length. These tools were used as [[spear]]s or [[dart]]s, or also [[knife|knives]], indicating the importance of hunting, although in general they also fished and gathered for subsistence. However the main dependence was on land hunting, mostly of [[deer]], [[bison]], and other large mammals.<ref>"Old Cordilleran culture." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006.</ref><ref>Minnesota State University, EMuseum. [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/northamerica/culture/w.coastcultures/oldcordilleran2.html Old Cordilleran]. (URL accessed July 19, 2006).</ref> The culture possibly spoke a Macro-[[Penutian languages|Penutian]] language |
The '''Old Cordilleran Culture''', also known as the '''Cascade phase''', is an ancient culture of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]] that settled in the [[Pacific Northwest|Pacific Northwestern region]] of [[North America]] that existed from 9000 or 10000 BC until about 5500 BC. It is thought it may be even older, depending on when human beings first arrived in America. They originated in [[Alaska]], and migrated to occupy a wide area as far as [[Idaho]] and the plateaus of [[California]], but they are generally not considered to be a maritime society. However their spear points, or at least what resembles them, have been found as far as [[Mexico]] and [[South America]].<ref name=lang>Josephy, Alvin M (August 26, 1991). ''The Indian Heritage of America''. Houghton Mifflin Books. ISBN 0-395-57320-3. p. 132</ref> This was the typical artifact of these people — a simple, bi-facial, leaf-shaped [[Cascade point|projectile point]] which average about {{convert|6|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} in length. These tools were used as [[spear]]s or [[dart]]s, or also [[knife|knives]], indicating the importance of hunting, although in general they also fished and gathered for subsistence. However the main dependence was on land hunting, mostly of [[deer]], [[bison]], and other large mammals.<ref>"Old Cordilleran culture." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006.</ref><ref>Minnesota State University, EMuseum. [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/northamerica/culture/w.coastcultures/oldcordilleran2.html Old Cordilleran]. (URL accessed July 19, 2006).</ref> |
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The culture possibly spoke a Macro-[[Penutian languages|Penutian]] language (a hypothetical macrofamily which may include [[Penutian]], [[Uto-Aztecan]], and some other language families).<ref name=lang/> This culture also created the oldest attested examples of art in the [[Pacific Northwest]].<ref>Keyser, James D. (July 1, 1992). ''Indian Rock Art of the Columbia Plateau''. University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-97160-6. pps. 24-5.</ref> |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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Revision as of 14:07, 22 August 2009
The Old Cordilleran Culture, also known as the Cascade phase, is an ancient culture of Native Americans that settled in the Pacific Northwestern region of North America that existed from 9000 or 10000 BC until about 5500 BC. It is thought it may be even older, depending on when human beings first arrived in America. They originated in Alaska, and migrated to occupy a wide area as far as Idaho and the plateaus of California, but they are generally not considered to be a maritime society. However their spear points, or at least what resembles them, have been found as far as Mexico and South America.[1] This was the typical artifact of these people — a simple, bi-facial, leaf-shaped projectile point which average about 6 cm (2.4 in) in length. These tools were used as spears or darts, or also knives, indicating the importance of hunting, although in general they also fished and gathered for subsistence. However the main dependence was on land hunting, mostly of deer, bison, and other large mammals.[2][3]
The culture possibly spoke a Macro-Penutian language (a hypothetical macrofamily which may include Penutian, Uto-Aztecan, and some other language families).[1] This culture also created the oldest attested examples of art in the Pacific Northwest.[4]
Notes
- ^ a b Josephy, Alvin M (August 26, 1991). The Indian Heritage of America. Houghton Mifflin Books. ISBN 0-395-57320-3. p. 132
- ^ "Old Cordilleran culture." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006.
- ^ Minnesota State University, EMuseum. Old Cordilleran. (URL accessed July 19, 2006).
- ^ Keyser, James D. (July 1, 1992). Indian Rock Art of the Columbia Plateau. University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-97160-6. pps. 24-5.
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