Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum

Chau Sen Cocsal
File:ChauSenCocsal.jpg
40th Prime Minister of Cambodia
In office August 6, 1962 – October 6, 1962
Preceded by	Norodom Sihanouk Nhiek Tioulong (acting)
Succeeded by	Norodom Kantol
Personal details
Born	(1905-09-09)September 9, 1905 Tri Tôn, Vietnam
Died	January 22, 2009(2009-01-22) (aged 103) Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Chau Sen Cocsal (born 9 September 1905 - died 22 January 2009), also known as “Chhum”, was a Cambodian civil servant and politician.

Chhum, an ethnic Khmer, was born in Southern Vietnam in the City of Tri-Ton, Chaudoc Province, on 1 September 1905. He belongs to the Khmer Krom ethnic group, that is, indigenous Khmer people living in the Mekong Delta.

At the age of 21, Chhum became the first Cambodian to graduate from the Lycée Chasseloup Laubac in Saigon, with a baccalaureate in French and hilosophy. Upon graduation, he began a career in the French Colonial Administration in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, with the position of Second Class Civil Servant (Cadre Supérieur de Deuxième Classe / Anuk Montrei).

In 1928, Chau Sen Cocsal was promoted Deputy Governor of Takeo Province (Gouverneur Adjoint), then successively posted in Tralach District, Takeo Province, in 1931 and Thbaung Khmaum, Kompong Cham Province, in 1935. In 1938, Chhum became Governor of Svay Rieng Province. From 1940 to 1944, he was Governor of Kompong Chhnang Province. During World War II, Chhum refused to supply forced labour to the Japanese occupying forces in Cambodia and joined resistance in the jungle.

With the return of the French Administration, Chhum was nominated Mayor of Phnom Penh in 1945, Governor of Kompong Cham Province in 1946, then Governor of Kandal Province in 1948. In 1951, Chhum was sent to Thailand, as Cambodia’s first ambassador to a foreign country. Chhum returned to Cambodia in 1952 and once more took to the jungle to fight for the country’s independence from France.

In 1955, Chau Sen Cocsal was elected to the Cambodian National Assembly as deputy of Kompong Cham Province. From 1955 to 1968, he occupied the position of President of the National Assembly. In 1969, at the age of 64, Chhum retired from public office.

In April 1975, after the fall of Phnom Penh to the Khmer Rouge and Saigon to North Vietnamese troops, as Chau Sen Cocsal was visiting relatives in Kampuchea Krom, he was arrested by Vietnamese authorities. Charged with spying for the US Central Intelligence Agency, Chhum was incarcerated for 17 months in what he would later describe as a “chicken box” then in a room where he took turns sleeping with 40 other prisoners . Chau Sen Cocsal spent an additional two years under house arrest in Saigon. Under the pressure of France, Vietnam released Chhum, who was allowed to migrate to France with his wife.

In 1991, following the signature of the Paris Peace Agreements, King Norodom Sihanouk nominated Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum as President of Cambodia’s Supreme National Council (SNC). From 1992 onwards, he became High Privy Advisor of King Norodom Sihanouk. In 1993, Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum was awarded the highest rank in Cambodia’s civil service, “Samdech”. The same year, he became Dean of the Constitutional Council. Le Monde correspondent, Jean-Claude Pomonti, in a personal interview, quoted Chau Sen Cocsal as having “little affinity with the current Cambodian regime”, assessing that its leadership “had almost sold Cambodia to the Vietnamese” . Chhum retired a second time from public office in 2007. His decorations include Grand Croix de l'Ordre Royal (Cambodia) and Commandeur de la Légion d'Honneur (France).

On 22 January 2009, at the age of 104, Cambodia’s last remaining civil servant from the French Administration, and the Sangkum Reastr Niyum, passed away peacefully, surrounded by his family. Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum was publicly cremated with full military guard and honour. He was saluted by official communiqués by King Father Norodom Sihanouk , King Norodom Sihamoni, France’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Khmer Krom community. In an obituary published in the Phnom Penh Post, his family wrote that Chhum should be remembered as “a man considerate of the rights of others, small or tall”, who “always had kind words for the anonymous faces tirelessly serving the high and mighty. For Samdech Chhum thought of himself as a mere servant.” A few years before his passing, Chhum had already asked his grandson to convey his apologies to the population of Phnom Penh for the traffic congestion that his long funeral cortege would cause. “To have served dutifully and unfailingly was his greatest pride.”

References

• Royal Palace (2009). "Biographie de Samdech Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum", Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

• Pomonti, J.C (2009). "Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum Mémoire d’un siècle". Cambodge Soir, 68, 29 January - 4 February.

• Norodom Sihanouk (2009). "Lettre de LLMM le Roi-Père et la Reine-Mère du Cambodge à Lok Chumtiev Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum", 22 January. [1]

• Norodom Sihamoni (2009). "Lettre de SM Norodom Sihamoni du Cambodge à Lok Chumtiev Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum", 22 January.

• "Hommage à Samdech Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum". Ambassade de France au Cambodge. 26 January 2009.

• De Lopez, T.T. (2009). "A final goodbye to Cambodia's last great civil servant", Phnom Penh Post, 28 January. [2]