Tytus Filipowicz: Difference between revisions
Nihil novi (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Nihil novi (talk | contribs) Copyedit. |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
During the ''PPS'' split, he sided with the [[Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction]] and became a close collaborator of future Polish statesman [[Józef Piłsudski]].<ref name=kor>Marek Kornat, "''Posłowie i ambasadorzy polscy w Związku Sowieckim (1921–1939 i 1941–1943)''" ("Polish Diplomatic Representatives and Ambassadors in the Soviet Union (1921–39 and 1941–43"), ''The Polish Diplomatic Review'', 5 (21)/2004, pp. 129-203 [http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/issuedetails.aspx?issueid=c2af9d6d-c471-47a7-a401-b75e16082725&articleId=7af32eb3-090b-4683-b647-5f2071d36efe online]</ref> He accompanied Piłsudski on his 1904 voyage to [[Japan]].<ref name=kor/> In 1905 Filipowicz was imprisoned by the [[Russian Empire]] in the [[Warsaw Citadel]], but escaped.<ref name=kor/> |
During the ''PPS'' split, he sided with the [[Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction]] and became a close collaborator of future Polish statesman [[Józef Piłsudski]].<ref name=kor>Marek Kornat, "''Posłowie i ambasadorzy polscy w Związku Sowieckim (1921–1939 i 1941–1943)''" ("Polish Diplomatic Representatives and Ambassadors in the Soviet Union (1921–39 and 1941–43"), ''The Polish Diplomatic Review'', 5 (21)/2004, pp. 129-203 [http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/issuedetails.aspx?issueid=c2af9d6d-c471-47a7-a401-b75e16082725&articleId=7af32eb3-090b-4683-b647-5f2071d36efe online]</ref> He accompanied Piłsudski on his 1904 voyage to [[Japan]].<ref name=kor/> In 1905 Filipowicz was imprisoned by the [[Russian Empire]] in the [[Warsaw Citadel]], but escaped.<ref name=kor/> |
||
Under the [[Second Polish Republic]], he was briefly deputy<ref name=wp>[{{pl icon}} [http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=b98_11_2 Telegram], short biographical note in an article in the periodical ''Wspólnota Polska''</ref> or acting (sources vary) [[Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs]] (11–17 November 1918).<ref>[http://rulers.org/polgov.html Polish Ministries]</ref> Later he was named Poland's ambassador to [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]—due to his involvement in Piłsudski's [[Prometheism|Prometheist]] |
Under the [[Second Polish Republic]], he was briefly deputy<ref name=wp>[{{pl icon}} [http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=b98_11_2 Telegram], short biographical note in an article in the periodical ''Wspólnota Polska''</ref> or acting (sources vary) [[Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs]] (11–17 November 1918).<ref>[http://rulers.org/polgov.html Polish Ministries]</ref> Later he was named Poland's ambassador to [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]—due to his involvement in Piłsudski's [[Prometheism|Prometheist]] project—but in the aftermath of the [[Soviet invasion of Georgia]] (which was subsequently annexed as the [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]]) he did not assume this post but was instead arrested there by the Soviets and interned.<ref name=kor/> After the [[treaty of Riga]] ended the [[Polish-Soviet War]] in 1921, he become the first Polish [[chargé d'affaires]] in the [[Soviet Union]], organizing the Polish embassy there.<ref name=kor/> Later he was a diplomat in [[Finland]], [[Belgium]] and the [[United States]] (1929-32).<ref name=gazeta/> In 1933 he returned to the Soviet Union for a brief posting as ambassador.<ref name=wp/> |
||
In 1934, with [[Gabriel Czechowicz]], |
In 1934, with [[Gabriel Czechowicz]], Filipowicz co-founded the [[Polish Radical Party]] (''Polska Partia Radykalna''),<ref name=gazeta/> a dissident offshoot of [[Sanacja|Sanation]] that, while largely adhering to [[political liberalism]], advocated that Poland become a [[Christian]] state, with official preferences given to ethnic Poles, and Jews being encouraged to emigrate.<ref>{{cite book | author = Emanuel Melzer | title = No Way Out: The Politics of Polish Jewry, 1935-1939 | publisher = Hebrew Union College Press | year = 1997 | isbn = 0878204180 | page = 24 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=co3KJikOaBYC&pg=PA24}}</ref> |
||
During and after [[World War II]], Filipowicz was a member of the [[Polish Government in Exile]] and of the [[National Council of the Republic of Poland]] (1941–42 and 1949–53).<ref name=gazeta/> |
|||
He died |
He died August 18, 1953, in [[London]]. |
||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
Revision as of 11:51, 16 September 2009
Tytus Filipowicz (1873-1953) was a Polish politician and diplomat.
Life
Filipowicz was born 21 November 1873 in Warsaw. He attended school in Dąbrowa Górnicza. He worked as a coal miner and became a socialist political activist; from 1895 he was active in the Dąbrowa Workers' Commiittee.[1] He became an active member of the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) and editor of a socialist paper for miners (Górnik, Miner).[1] In 1901 he was arrested by the authorities but escaped to Russian-ruled Warsaw.
During the PPS split, he sided with the Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction and became a close collaborator of future Polish statesman Józef Piłsudski.[2] He accompanied Piłsudski on his 1904 voyage to Japan.[2] In 1905 Filipowicz was imprisoned by the Russian Empire in the Warsaw Citadel, but escaped.[2]
Under the Second Polish Republic, he was briefly deputy[3] or acting (sources vary) Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (11–17 November 1918).[4] Later he was named Poland's ambassador to Georgia—due to his involvement in Piłsudski's Prometheist project—but in the aftermath of the Soviet invasion of Georgia (which was subsequently annexed as the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic) he did not assume this post but was instead arrested there by the Soviets and interned.[2] After the treaty of Riga ended the Polish-Soviet War in 1921, he become the first Polish chargé d'affaires in the Soviet Union, organizing the Polish embassy there.[2] Later he was a diplomat in Finland, Belgium and the United States (1929-32).[1] In 1933 he returned to the Soviet Union for a brief posting as ambassador.[3]
In 1934, with Gabriel Czechowicz, Filipowicz co-founded the Polish Radical Party (Polska Partia Radykalna),[1] a dissident offshoot of Sanation that, while largely adhering to political liberalism, advocated that Poland become a Christian state, with official preferences given to ethnic Poles, and Jews being encouraged to emigrate.[5]
During and after World War II, Filipowicz was a member of the Polish Government in Exile and of the National Council of the Republic of Poland (1941–42 and 1949–53).[1]
He died August 18, 1953, in London.
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Template:Pl icon Zygmunt Woźniczka, "Ci, którzy rozsławili Dąbrowę Górniczą", gazeta.pl, 2006-11-14
- ^ a b c d e Marek Kornat, "Posłowie i ambasadorzy polscy w Związku Sowieckim (1921–1939 i 1941–1943)" ("Polish Diplomatic Representatives and Ambassadors in the Soviet Union (1921–39 and 1941–43"), The Polish Diplomatic Review, 5 (21)/2004, pp. 129-203 online
- ^ a b [[[:Template:Pl icon]] Telegram, short biographical note in an article in the periodical Wspólnota Polska
- ^ Polish Ministries
- ^ Emanuel Melzer (1997). No Way Out: The Politics of Polish Jewry, 1935-1939. Hebrew Union College Press. p. 24. ISBN 0878204180.