World domination (disambiguation): Difference between revisions
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In the aftermath of the [[Cold War]], critics{{Who|date=July 2008}} of [[Foreign relations of the United States|American foreign policy]] have argued that the United States seeks, or indeed actually ''has'', global [[hegemony]]. On September 11, 1990, the [[President of the United States]], [[George H.W. Bush]] gave his famous speech, ''Toward a [[New world order|New World Order]]''[http://www.millercenter.virginia.edu/scripps/digitalarchive/speeches/spe_1990_0911_bush] to a joint session of the [[United States Congress]]. On September 20, 2002, the [[George W. Bush]] [[White House]] posted on its [[website]] the full text of the (at that time) newest [[National Security Strategy of the United States]], composed primarily by prominent [[neo-conservative]] [[Paul Wolfowitz]]. In this document, the [[Bush Doctrine]] of [[pre-emptive war]] was outlined.<ref>For introductory preface, dated 17 September, 2002, see [http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nssintro.html]; for actual complete document, the ''2002 National Security Strategy of the United States of America'' dated 20 September, 2002, see [http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nss.html].</ref> The Bush Doctrine was first put into use on March 20, 2003 when the Bush Administration launched the United States into war with Iraq (see [[Iraq War]]). |
In the aftermath of the [[Cold War]], critics{{Who|date=July 2008}} of [[Foreign relations of the United States|American foreign policy]] have argued that the United States seeks, or indeed actually ''has'', global [[hegemony]]. On September 11, 1990, the [[President of the United States]], [[George H.W. Bush]] gave his famous speech, ''Toward a [[New world order|New World Order]]''[http://www.millercenter.virginia.edu/scripps/digitalarchive/speeches/spe_1990_0911_bush] to a joint session of the [[United States Congress]]. On September 20, 2002, the [[George W. Bush]] [[White House]] posted on its [[website]] the full text of the (at that time) newest [[National Security Strategy of the United States]], composed primarily by prominent [[neo-conservative]] [[Paul Wolfowitz]]. In this document, the [[Bush Doctrine]] of [[pre-emptive war]] was outlined.<ref>For introductory preface, dated 17 September, 2002, see [http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nssintro.html]; for actual complete document, the ''2002 National Security Strategy of the United States of America'' dated 20 September, 2002, see [http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nss.html].</ref> The Bush Doctrine was first put into use on March 20, 2003 when the Bush Administration launched the United States into war with Iraq (see [[Iraq War]]). |
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===Andre Jang=== Andre is a evil genius who absorbed his twin brother in the womb. He is currently the leader of the asian party and is planning to achieve his world domination plan by 2020. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 19:10, 17 September 2009
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2008) |
World domination is the idea of an entire planet being controlled by a single person or group of people. It is a common goal of many fictional antagonists.
Arnold Toynbee's concept of a universal state
Before modern times, the reach of political control and military force was limited by rudimentary transportation technologies and knowledge of geography. The Roman Empire had goals of global domination, and indeed the empire was able to conquer most of the "known world" (i.e., the Mediterranean) throughout its long history. The Qin and Han dynasties as well as the Tang of China were also successful in conquering the known world of Chinese civilization. Historian Arnold Toynbee used the term Universal State to refer to an empire like the Roman Empire or Chinese Empire that conquered the entire world known to a particular civilization.[1][2]
Examples of universal states
As noted above, a universal state is an empire that has conquered most of the area known to a civilization.
Inca Empire
At its height, the Incan empire encompassed virtually all of the world known to the Incans, and indeed, the Quechua name for the empire was Tawantinsuyu[3] which can be translated as The Four Regions or The Four United Regions, indicating their belief their empire encompassed most of the world.
Macedonian Empire
During its peak under Alexander the Great, the Macedonian Empire controlled the Balkans, Asia Minor, Egypt, Syria, Persia, and parts of India. At the time, the Hellenistic area thought the world ended in India. The empire split almost immediately after Alexander's death, most of it being split by the Diadochi. [4]
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire was created through a series of territorial conquests carried on by clan leader Temujin, who was later crowned and reigned as Genghis Khan. The name itself, meaning universal ruler, was chosen to mean that the Mongol Empire was actually a world empire, spanning most of Eurasia and either bordering with or ruling over most civilizations then known: China, India, Persia, the Muslim Empire and the Christendom. Significantly, the Mongol Empire is sometimes referred to as the Mongol World Empire.
Examples of global empires
Since the Age of discovery the entire globe has become known. There have been many global empires since then, but no empire has yet been formed that has embraced the entire world into a universal state. Arnold Toynbee once stated that the people of the world ought to rise up and demand that the nations of the world agree to form a world government (which would be the first truly universal state) in order to prevent the extinction of humanity in a nuclear apocalypse. [5]
French Empire
The English-led coalition of opponents in the west and the Russian Empire in the east often claimed that Napoleon Bonaparte had sights on global domination, and portrayed him as being the quintessential global conqueror. Napoleon declared the following to Benjamin Constant before the infamous Battle of Waterloo: "I wanted to rule the world, and in order to do this I needed ultimate power...I wanted to rule the world-who wouldn't have in my place? The world begged me to govern it..."[6] When his imminent fall became obvious to him, Napoleon proclaimed, "I shall bury the world beneath my ruin!"[7]
Napoleon also dreamed of conquering India. His reason was to take from Great Britain its most profitable colony: "India will be lost to the English by foreign invasion."[7] Napoleon figured that the conquest would rank him alongside Alexander the Great, after the expected French conquest of Egypt. He mentioned that Indians were incapable of ruling themselves: "[They] will not grow up, they always remain children."[7]
Nazi Germany
In World War II, the Nazi regime of Adolf Hitler, the Third Reich, established what they called the New Order and had ambitious plans for directly controlling all of Europe, and then obtaining a position of power that would make them a formidable superpower in global politics. In Hitler's Second Book: The Unpublished Sequel to Mein Kampf, written in 1928, Hitler envisioned an apocalyptic air war of conquest against the United States by his successor in 1980, conducted by a great fleet of German long range bombers. At the time of the initial invasion of Russia (Operation Barbarossa) in June 1941, Hitler had expected to win victory in World War II by 1945, and he then planned, after completing the construction of the Welthauptstadt Germania plan of Albert Speer for Berlin, to hold a great World's Fair in Berlin in 1950 and then retire to his hometown of Linz.[8] He also initially believed that he would take Russia and expressed to Speer that "a mere 20 or 30 divisions would be all that was necessary to conquer India" (a land centered around Aryan mysticism).[7] Nevertheless, he took little interest in the possible conquest, believed that any remaining Aryan blood was tainted by the dominance of dark races.[7] Upon his imminent fall, he mimicked Napoleon in proclaiming, "We may be destroyed but, if we are, we'll drag the world down with us, a world in flames."[7]
United States of America
The United States of America has been occasionally referred to as The American Empire[9] to emphasize the great power and influence of the United States in the world both economically, with its extensive business investments around the world, and militarily with its extensive system of alliances, to the officially stated goal of defending global trade, freedom,[10] and democracy.
The origin of the "American Empire" in concept is possibly traced back to 1898, in the aftermath of the Spanish American War.[11] Others date its formation to 12 July 1947 with the signing of the National Security Act of 1947 by President Harry S Truman.[12][13] Truman then organized the Rio Pact on 2 September 1947, NATO on 4 April 1949, and ANZUS on 1 September 1951, thus uniting many non-communist nations into a single Western Alliance to implement the policy of containment in order to prevent the expansion of the Soviet Union, both in territory and influence.[14] A primary goal of President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles, was to create a Pax Americana in the American sphere of influence. In his final speech in 1960 before leaving office, Eisenhower did warn against allowing the military-industrial complex to gain too much power.
In the aftermath of the Cold War, critics[who?] of American foreign policy have argued that the United States seeks, or indeed actually has, global hegemony. On September 11, 1990, the President of the United States, George H.W. Bush gave his famous speech, Toward a New World Order[3] to a joint session of the United States Congress. On September 20, 2002, the George W. Bush White House posted on its website the full text of the (at that time) newest National Security Strategy of the United States, composed primarily by prominent neo-conservative Paul Wolfowitz. In this document, the Bush Doctrine of pre-emptive war was outlined.[15] The Bush Doctrine was first put into use on March 20, 2003 when the Bush Administration launched the United States into war with Iraq (see Iraq War).
See also
- Brave New World
- The Grand Chessboard
- List of Largest Empires
- New world order (political theory)
- New World Order (conspiracy theory)
- Nineteen Eighty-Four
- Unrestricted Warfare
References
- ^ Toynbee, Arnold A Study of History--Volume XII: Reconsiderations London:1961--Oxford University Press Pages 308-313 "Universal States".
- ^ Toynbee, Arnold A Study of History: Abridged One Volume Illustrated Edition (revised and abridged by the author and Jane Caplan) New York:1972—Portland House Chapter VI Universal States Pages 255-318
- ^ Tawantin suyu derives from the Quechua "tawa" (four), to which the suffix "-ntin" (together or united) is added, followed by "suyu" (region or province), which roughly renders as "The four lands together". The four suyos were: Chinchay Suyo (North), Anti Suyo (East. The Amazon jungle), Colla Suyo (South) and Conti Suyo (West).
- ^ The History of Macedonia
- ^ Toynbee, Arnold A Study of History--Volume XII: Reconsiderations London:1961--Oxford University Press See chapter "Universal States" Pages 308-313
- ^ Harold, J.Christopher The Age of Napoleon:1963--The American Hertitage Library P.123
- ^ a b c d e f Seward, Desmond. Napoleon and Hitler: A Comparative Biography Viking Pinguin Inc., 1988
- ^ Speer, Albert Inside the Third Reich New York:1970--Macmillan P.139
- ^ Bacevich, Andrew J. (Professor of International Relations, Boston University) American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy Cambridge, Massachusetts:2002--Harvard University Press
- ^ Zakaria, Fareed The Future of Freedom:Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad New York:2003--W.W. Norton
- ^ Zinn, Howard A People's History of the United States New York:1980—Harper Perennial Page 295
- ^ Vidal, Gore The Decline and Fall of the American Empire Berkeley, California: 1993—Odonian Press Page 28
- ^ National Security Act of 1947
- ^ Acheson, Dean Present at the Creation: hi My Years in the State Department New York:1987--W.W. Norton
- ^ For introductory preface, dated 17 September, 2002, see [1]; for actual complete document, the 2002 National Security Strategy of the United States of America dated 20 September, 2002, see [2].