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The '''National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras''' (Spanish: ''Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras''<ref name="fnge_article3const1982" /><ref name="FNGE_SanJose_response" />, ''Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado''<ref name="Front_Comm26">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Communicado No. 26| work =| publisher =[[National Resistance Front (Honduras)|National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras]]| date =2009-09-28| url =http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/09/comunicado-no-26.html |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVGvwhrX |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref> or ''Frente Nacional de la Resistencia''<ref name="NuestroPais_FNR">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language =| title=Recrudece la represión en Honduras | date=2009-09-21 | publisher=Nuestro Pais (Cost Rica) | url=http://elpais.cr/articulos.php?id=13318 |accessdate=2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVBSk6rg |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="ABN_FNR">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language =| title=Resistencia hondureña realiza nuevas protestas frente a la Embajada de EEUU | date=2009-10-13 | publisher=[[Agencia Bolivariana de Noticias]] | url=http://www.abn.info.ve/noticia.php?articulo=201978&lee=16 |accessdate=2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVAnnbcR |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref>), frequently referred to as the '''National Resistance Front'''<ref name="morningstar_NRF" />, is a wide coalition of [[Honduras|Honduran]] [[grassroots]] organisations and political parties and movements that aims to restore elected President [[Manuel Zelaya]] in replacement of the ''de facto'' President [[Roberto Micheletti]], whose government is perceived as a [[dictatorship]] existing since the 28 June 2009 [[2009 Honduran constitutional crisis|Honduran coup d'etat]]<ref name="CEAL_DLCA_frente_about" /><ref name="pidhdd_frente" />, using the methods of massive [[civil disobedience]].<ref name="LR21_frente_march" /><ref name="hnlab_marchaElProgreso" /> The National Resistance Front refers to Article 3 of the [[Constitution of Honduras#Constitution_of_11_January_1982|1982 Constitution]] as a legal basis for opposing the ''de facto'' government.<ref name="fnge_article3const1982" /> The National Resistance Front supports a process of [[participatory democracy]] that should lead to a national [[constituent assembly]].<ref name="FNGE_SanJose_response" /> The National Resistance Front frequently makes public statements and in early August 2009 organised a national march intended to converge on [[San Pedro Sula]] and [[Tegucigalpa]] on 11 August.<ref name="LR21_frente_march" /><ref name="hnlab_marchaElProgreso" />
The '''National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras''' (Spanish: ''Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras''<ref name="fnge_article3const1982" /><ref name="FNGE_SanJose_response" />, ''Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado''<ref name="Front_Comm26">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Communicado No. 26| work =| publisher =National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras| date =2009-09-28| url =http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/09/comunicado-no-26.html | doi =| accessdate =2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVGvwhrX |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref> or ''Frente Nacional de la Resistencia''<ref name="NuestroPais_FNR">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language =| title=Recrudece la represión en Honduras | date=2009-09-21 | publisher=Nuestro Pais (Cost Rica) | url=http://elpais.cr/articulos.php?id=13318 |accessdate=2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVBSk6rg |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="ABN_FNR">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language =| title=Resistencia hondureña realiza nuevas protestas frente a la Embajada de EEUU | date=2009-10-13 | publisher=[[Agencia Bolivariana de Noticias]] | url=http://www.abn.info.ve/noticia.php?articulo=201978&lee=16 |accessdate=2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVAnnbcR |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref>), frequently referred to as the '''National Resistance Front'''<ref name="morningstar_NRF" />, is a wide coalition of [[Honduras|Honduran]] [[grassroots]] organisations and political parties and movements that aims to restore elected President [[Manuel Zelaya]] in replacement of the ''de facto'' President [[Roberto Micheletti]], whose government is perceived as a [[dictatorship]] existing since the 28 June 2009 [[2009 Honduran constitutional crisis|Honduran coup d'etat]]<ref name="CEAL_DLCA_frente_about" /><ref name="pidhdd_frente" />, using the methods of massive [[civil disobedience]].<ref name="LR21_frente_march" /><ref name="hnlab_marchaElProgreso" /> The National Resistance Front refers to Article 3 of the [[Constitution of Honduras#Constitution_of_11_January_1982|1982 Constitution]] as a legal basis for opposing the ''de facto'' government.<ref name="fnge_article3const1982" /> The National Resistance Front supports a process of [[participatory democracy]] that should lead to a national [[constituent assembly]].<ref name="FNGE_SanJose_response" /> The National Resistance Front frequently makes public statements and in early August 2009 organised a national march intended to converge on [[San Pedro Sula]] and [[Tegucigalpa]] on 11 August.<ref name="LR21_frente_march" /><ref name="hnlab_marchaElProgreso" />


==Aims and composition==
==Aims and composition==
The '''National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras''', frequently abbreviated '''National Resistance Front''',<ref name="morningstar_NRF">{{cite news | first=Calvin | last=Tucker | pages= | language =| title=Honduran resistance defies demo ban | date=2009-10-04 | publisher=Morning Star (UK) | url=http://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/index.php/news/world/Honduran-resistance-defies-demo-ban |accessdate=2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVEGukQp |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref> is a wide coalition of workers' organisations, [[campesino]]s' organisations and other [[grassroots]] organisations, together with centrist/left-wing political parties and movements that have stated their opposition to the [[2009 Honduran constitutional crisis|2009 Honduran coup d'etat]].<ref name="CEAL_DLCA_frente_about">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Llamamiento del Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras a la Clase Obrera Mundial| work =| publisher =Centro de Estudios y Apoyo Laboral (CEAL) - Derechos Laborales en Centroamerica| date =2009-08-03| url =http://www.ceal-dlca.org/2009/08/llamamiento-del-frente-nacional-contra.html |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivkETfGT |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="pidhdd_frente">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Frente Nacional Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras |language={{es}} | work =| publisher =Plataforma Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Desarrollo | date =2009-07-12| url =http://www.pidhdd.org/content/view/680/165/ |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivW4Xv0e |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref> The aim of the '''National Resistance Front'''<ref name="militante_frente_alegria">{{cite web| last =Santibáñez| first =Samuel| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Honduras: La disyuntiva de la revolución no es democracia o dictadura, sino capitalismo o socialismo| work =| publisher =Militante| date =2009-08-02| url =http://www.militante.org/honduras-la-disyuntiva-es-capitalismo-o-socialismo |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivm7Jyy1 |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref> is to replace the ''de facto'' government of President [[Roberto Micheletti]], which is perceived by the National Resistance Front as a [[dictatorship]], by restoring elected President [[Manuel Zelaya]].<ref name="militante_frente_alegria" /> The National Resistance Front states that it constitutes the organised expression of Hondurans' right under Article 3 of the [[Constitution of Honduras#Constitution_of_11_January_1982|1982 Constitution]] to resist against a government imposed by armed force.<ref name="fnge_article3const1982">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Proclama en el día de la Independencia Centroamericana - Al pueblo hondureño y a todos los pueblos del mundo| work =| publisher =[[National Resistance Front (Honduras)|National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras]]| date =2009-09-15| url =http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/09/proclama-en-el-dia-de-la-independencia.html |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-09-20 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5jwJdHncr |archivedate=2009-09-20 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
The '''National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras''', frequently abbreviated '''National Resistance Front''',<ref name="morningstar_NRF">{{cite news | first=Calvin | last=Tucker | pages= | language =| title=Honduran resistance defies demo ban | date=2009-10-04 | publisher=Morning Star (UK) | url=http://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/index.php/news/world/Honduran-resistance-defies-demo-ban |accessdate=2009-10-13 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5kVEGukQp |archivedate=2009-10-13 |deadurl=no}}</ref> is a wide coalition of workers' organisations, [[campesino]]s' organisations and other [[grassroots]] organisations, together with centrist/left-wing political parties and movements that have stated their opposition to the [[2009 Honduran constitutional crisis|2009 Honduran coup d'etat]].<ref name="CEAL_DLCA_frente_about">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Llamamiento del Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras a la Clase Obrera Mundial| work =| publisher =Centro de Estudios y Apoyo Laboral (CEAL) - Derechos Laborales en Centroamerica| date =2009-08-03| url =http://www.ceal-dlca.org/2009/08/llamamiento-del-frente-nacional-contra.html | doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivkETfGT |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="pidhdd_frente">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Frente Nacional Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras |language={{es}} | work =| publisher =Plataforma Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Desarrollo | date =2009-07-12| url =http://www.pidhdd.org/content/view/680/165/ |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivW4Xv0e |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref> The aim of the '''National Resistance Front'''<ref name="militante_frente_alegria">{{cite web| last =Santibáñez| first =Samuel| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Honduras: La disyuntiva de la revolución no es democracia o dictadura, sino capitalismo o socialismo| work =| publisher =Militante| date =2009-08-02| url =http://www.militante.org/honduras-la-disyuntiva-es-capitalismo-o-socialismo |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivm7Jyy1 |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref> is to replace the ''de facto'' government of President [[Roberto Micheletti]], which is perceived by the National Resistance Front as a [[dictatorship]], by restoring elected President [[Manuel Zelaya]].<ref name="militante_frente_alegria" /> The National Resistance Front states that it constitutes the organised expression of Hondurans' right under Article 3 of the [[Constitution of Honduras#Constitution_of_11_January_1982|1982 Constitution]] to resist against a government imposed by armed force.<ref name="fnge_article3const1982">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Proclama en el día de la Independencia Centroamericana - Al pueblo hondureño y a todos los pueblos del mundo| work =| publisher =National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras| date =2009-09-15| url =http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/09/proclama-en-el-dia-de-la-independencia.html | doi =| accessdate =2009-09-20 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5jwJdHncr |archivedate=2009-09-20 |deadurl=no}}</ref>


==Policies and actions==
==Policies and actions==
Frequent public statements regarding the political and [[human rights]] situation since the coup d'etat occurred are made by the National Resistance Front and redistributed by many of the participating or supporting groups, e.g. the [[feminism|women's rights group]] ''Centro de Derechos de Mujeres de Tegucigalpa''<ref name="awid_frente">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Never Again: Coups Against Democracy| work =| publisher =[[Association for Women's Rights in Development]]| date =2009-07-10| url =http://www.awid.org/eng/Issues-and-Analysis/Issues-and-Analysis/Never-Again-Coups-Against-Democracy |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivXWgbq8 |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref>.
Frequent public statements regarding the political and [[human rights]] situation since the coup d'etat occurred are made by the National Resistance Front and redistributed by many of the participating or supporting groups, e.g. the [[feminism|women's rights group]] ''Centro de Derechos de Mujeres de Tegucigalpa''<ref name="awid_frente">{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Never Again: Coups Against Democracy| work =| publisher =[[Association for Women's Rights in Development]]| date =2009-07-10| url =http://www.awid.org/eng/Issues-and-Analysis/Issues-and-Analysis/Never-Again-Coups-Against-Democracy |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivXWgbq8 |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref>.


In response to the San Jose mediation meeting in Costa Rica, the National Resistance Front stated its opposition to immunity for those who had carried out the coup d'etat. It also stated that it "strongly [supports] the continuation of processes for [[participatory democracy]], which will eventually lead to the convocation of the National [[constituent assembly|Constituent Assembly]] and the prior definition of the criteria and requirements for the women and men who will be its members."<ref name="awid_frente" /><ref name="FNGE_SanJose_response">{{cite web| last =Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras| first =| authorlink =National Resistance Front (Honduras)| coauthors =| title =Posicionamiento frente al encuentro de San José, Costa Rica.| work =| publisher =| date =2009-07-10| url =http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/07/posicionamiento-frente-al-encuentro-de.html |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivpAzbtI |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
In response to the San Jose mediation meeting in Costa Rica, the National Resistance Front stated its opposition to immunity for those who had carried out the coup d'etat. It also stated that it "strongly [supports] the continuation of processes for [[participatory democracy]], which will eventually lead to the convocation of the National [[constituent assembly|Constituent Assembly]] and the prior definition of the criteria and requirements for the women and men who will be its members."<ref name="FNGE_SanJose_response">{{cite web| last =Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras| first =| authorlink =National Resistance Front (Honduras)| coauthors =| title =Posicionamiento frente al encuentro de San José, Costa Rica.| work =| publisher =| date =2009-07-10| url =http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/07/posicionamiento-frente-al-encuentro-de.html | doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivpAzbtI |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="awid_frente" />


In early August, the National Resistance Front organised a convergent national march, composed of many individual marches from different parts of Honduras, with the intent to converge in marches in [[San Pedro Sula]] and [[Tegucigalpa]] on 11 August.<ref name="LR21_frente_march">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language ={{es}}| title=Marcha nacional contra golpe de Estado | date=2009-08-07 | publisher=La República (Uruguay) | url=http://www.larepublica.com.uy/mundo/375687-marcha-nacional-contra-golpe-de-estado |accessdate=2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivY1HysS |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref> As of 9 August, about five thousand marchers who had left the [[Departments of Honduras|departments]] [[Colón (department)|Colón]] and [[Atlántida (department)|Atlántida]] on 4 August arrived in [[El Progreso|El Progreso, Yoro]], the town from which ''de facto'' President [[Roberto Micheletti]] originates, and about eight thousand marchers from the departments [[Ocotepeque (department)|Ocotepeque]], [[Lempira (department)|Lempira]], [[Copán (department)|Copán]] and [[Santa Bárbara (department)|Santa Bárbara]] were expected to join with these marchers in San Pedro Sula on 11 August. Thousands of other marchers were expected for the Tegucigalpa convergence. The marchers declared their aims to be the restoration of elected President [[Manuel Zelaya]] and the establishment of a national [[constituent assembly]].<ref name="hnlab_marchaElProgreso">{{cite web| last =Reyes R. | first =German H. | authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Avanza la marcha en rechazo al golpe de Estado en Honduras| work =| publisher =[[Honduras Laboral]] | date =2009-08-09| url =http://www.honduraslaboral.org/leer.php/2124 |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5iuWQQ6iW |archivedate=2009-08-09 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
In early August, the National Resistance Front organised a convergent national march, composed of many individual marches from different parts of Honduras, with the intent to converge in marches in [[San Pedro Sula]] and [[Tegucigalpa]] on 11 August.<ref name="LR21_frente_march">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language ={{es}}| title=Marcha nacional contra golpe de Estado | date=2009-08-07 | publisher=La República (Uruguay) | url=http://www.larepublica.com.uy/mundo/375687-marcha-nacional-contra-golpe-de-estado |accessdate=2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5ivY1HysS |archivedate=2009-08-10 |deadurl=no}}</ref> As of 9 August, about five thousand marchers who had left the [[Departments of Honduras|departments]] [[Colón (department)|Colón]] and [[Atlántida (department)|Atlántida]] on 4 August arrived in [[El Progreso|El Progreso, Yoro]], the town from which ''de facto'' President [[Roberto Micheletti]] originates, and about eight thousand marchers from the departments [[Ocotepeque (department)|Ocotepeque]], [[Lempira (department)|Lempira]], [[Copán (department)|Copán]] and [[Santa Bárbara (department)|Santa Bárbara]] were expected to join with these marchers in San Pedro Sula on 11 August. Thousands of other marchers were expected for the Tegucigalpa convergence. The marchers declared their aims to be the restoration of elected President [[Manuel Zelaya]] and the establishment of a national [[constituent assembly]].<ref name="hnlab_marchaElProgreso">{{cite web| last =Reyes R. | first =German H. | authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Avanza la marcha en rechazo al golpe de Estado en Honduras| work =| publisher =[[Honduras Laboral]] | date =2009-08-09| url =http://www.honduraslaboral.org/leer.php/2124 |format =| doi =| accessdate =2009-08-10 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5iuWQQ6iW |archivedate=2009-08-09 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
Line 14: Line 14:


==Micheletti government responses==
==Micheletti government responses==
{{section-stub}}
{{Expand section|date=December 2009}}
Two of the leaders of the National Resistance Front, Juan Barahona and [[:fr:Rafael Alegría|Rafael Alegría]], were briefly detained and later released by police during a demonstration against the coup d'etat on 31 July 2009.<ref name="militante_frente_alegria" />
Two of the leaders of the National Resistance Front, Juan Barahona and [[:fr:Rafael Alegría|Rafael Alegría]], were briefly detained and later released by police during a demonstration against the coup d'etat on 31 July 2009.<ref name="militante_frente_alegria" />


Over 30 members of the National Resistance Front have been killed since the coup d'etat on June 28th, 2009. The first death occurred on July 5th, 2009 at the Toncontin Airport when 19-year-old Isis Obed Murillo was shot and killed by the military. Over 4,000 have been detained. Many have disappeared and not been found. One teacher disappeared after a union meeting with witnesses saying he was captured by the police. He later appeared dead in a field with cuts all over his body. Several killings took place in the middle of the night, including that of union leader and Democratic Unification Party member Roger Bados. Numerous people have suffered injuries from police and military beatings and have been poisoned by tear-gassing. International organizations around the world have have warned that the human rights situation in Honduras continues to rapidly deteriorate.<ref>For most recent and comprehensive study of human rigths situation in Honduras see Segundo Informe sobre Derechos Humanos en Honduras by Comité de Familiares de los Detenidos Desaparecidos de Honduras (COFADEH). http://www.cofadeh.org/html/documentos/segundo_informe_situacionl_resumen_violaciones_ddhh_golpe_estado.pdf</ref>
Over 30 members of the National Resistance Front have been killed since the coup d'etat on June 28, 2009. The first death occurred on July 5, 2009 at the Toncontin Airport when 19-year-old Isis Obed Murillo was shot and killed by the military. Over 4,000 have been detained. Many have disappeared and not been found. One teacher disappeared after a union meeting with witnesses saying he was captured by the police. He later appeared dead in a field with cuts all over his body. Several killings took place in the middle of the night, including that of union leader and Democratic Unification Party member Roger Bados. Numerous people have suffered injuries from police and military beatings and have been poisoned by tear-gassing. International organizations around the world have have warned that the human rights situation in Honduras continues to rapidly deteriorate.<ref>For most recent and comprehensive study of human rigths situation in Honduras see Segundo Informe sobre Derechos Humanos en Honduras by Comité de Familiares de los Detenidos Desaparecidos de Honduras (COFADEH). http://www.cofadeh.org/html/documentos/segundo_informe_situacionl_resumen_violaciones_ddhh_golpe_estado.pdf</ref>


==External links==
==External links==
Line 27: Line 27:
{{2009 Honduran constitutional crisis}}
{{2009 Honduran constitutional crisis}}


{{Honduras-stub}}
[[Category:Politics of Honduras]]
[[Category:Politics of Honduras]]


Revision as of 08:05, 16 December 2009

The National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras (Spanish: Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras[1][2], Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado[3] or Frente Nacional de la Resistencia[4][5]), frequently referred to as the National Resistance Front[6], is a wide coalition of Honduran grassroots organisations and political parties and movements that aims to restore elected President Manuel Zelaya in replacement of the de facto President Roberto Micheletti, whose government is perceived as a dictatorship existing since the 28 June 2009 Honduran coup d'etat[7][8], using the methods of massive civil disobedience.[9][10] The National Resistance Front refers to Article 3 of the 1982 Constitution as a legal basis for opposing the de facto government.[1] The National Resistance Front supports a process of participatory democracy that should lead to a national constituent assembly.[2] The National Resistance Front frequently makes public statements and in early August 2009 organised a national march intended to converge on San Pedro Sula and Tegucigalpa on 11 August.[9][10]

Aims and composition

The National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras, frequently abbreviated National Resistance Front,[6] is a wide coalition of workers' organisations, campesinos' organisations and other grassroots organisations, together with centrist/left-wing political parties and movements that have stated their opposition to the 2009 Honduran coup d'etat.[7][8] The aim of the National Resistance Front[11] is to replace the de facto government of President Roberto Micheletti, which is perceived by the National Resistance Front as a dictatorship, by restoring elected President Manuel Zelaya.[11] The National Resistance Front states that it constitutes the organised expression of Hondurans' right under Article 3 of the 1982 Constitution to resist against a government imposed by armed force.[1]

Policies and actions

Frequent public statements regarding the political and human rights situation since the coup d'etat occurred are made by the National Resistance Front and redistributed by many of the participating or supporting groups, e.g. the women's rights group Centro de Derechos de Mujeres de Tegucigalpa[12].

In response to the San Jose mediation meeting in Costa Rica, the National Resistance Front stated its opposition to immunity for those who had carried out the coup d'etat. It also stated that it "strongly [supports] the continuation of processes for participatory democracy, which will eventually lead to the convocation of the National Constituent Assembly and the prior definition of the criteria and requirements for the women and men who will be its members."[2][12]

In early August, the National Resistance Front organised a convergent national march, composed of many individual marches from different parts of Honduras, with the intent to converge in marches in San Pedro Sula and Tegucigalpa on 11 August.[9] As of 9 August, about five thousand marchers who had left the departments Colón and Atlántida on 4 August arrived in El Progreso, Yoro, the town from which de facto President Roberto Micheletti originates, and about eight thousand marchers from the departments Ocotepeque, Lempira, Copán and Santa Bárbara were expected to join with these marchers in San Pedro Sula on 11 August. Thousands of other marchers were expected for the Tegucigalpa convergence. The marchers declared their aims to be the restoration of elected President Manuel Zelaya and the establishment of a national constituent assembly.[10]

TeleSUR has attributed the "paralysis" of major sectors of the Honduran economy, including health, education, and electricity services and the closing of the four main Honduran airports, to the National Resistance Front.[13]

Micheletti government responses

Two of the leaders of the National Resistance Front, Juan Barahona and Rafael Alegría, were briefly detained and later released by police during a demonstration against the coup d'etat on 31 July 2009.[11]

Over 30 members of the National Resistance Front have been killed since the coup d'etat on June 28, 2009. The first death occurred on July 5, 2009 at the Toncontin Airport when 19-year-old Isis Obed Murillo was shot and killed by the military. Over 4,000 have been detained. Many have disappeared and not been found. One teacher disappeared after a union meeting with witnesses saying he was captured by the police. He later appeared dead in a field with cuts all over his body. Several killings took place in the middle of the night, including that of union leader and Democratic Unification Party member Roger Bados. Numerous people have suffered injuries from police and military beatings and have been poisoned by tear-gassing. International organizations around the world have have warned that the human rights situation in Honduras continues to rapidly deteriorate.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Proclama en el día de la Independencia Centroamericana - Al pueblo hondureño y a todos los pueblos del mundo". National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras. 2009-09-15. Archived from the original on 2009-09-20. Retrieved 2009-09-20. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b c Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras (2009-07-10). "Posicionamiento frente al encuentro de San José, Costa Rica". Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ "Communicado No. 26". National Resistance Front against the Coup d'Etat in Honduras. 2009-09-28. Archived from the original on 2009-10-13. Retrieved 2009-10-13. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "Recrudece la represión en Honduras". Nuestro Pais (Cost Rica). 2009-09-21. Archived from the original on 2009-10-13. Retrieved 2009-10-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "Resistencia hondureña realiza nuevas protestas frente a la Embajada de EEUU". Agencia Bolivariana de Noticias. 2009-10-13. Archived from the original on 2009-10-13. Retrieved 2009-10-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b Tucker, Calvin (2009-10-04). "Honduran resistance defies demo ban". Morning Star (UK). Archived from the original on 2009-10-13. Retrieved 2009-10-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ a b "Llamamiento del Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras a la Clase Obrera Mundial". Centro de Estudios y Apoyo Laboral (CEAL) - Derechos Laborales en Centroamerica. 2009-08-03. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ a b "Frente Nacional Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras" (in Template:Es). Plataforma Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Desarrollo. 2009-07-12. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  9. ^ a b c "Marcha nacional contra golpe de Estado" (in Template:Es). La República (Uruguay). 2009-08-07. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  10. ^ a b c Reyes R., German H. (2009-08-09). "Avanza la marcha en rechazo al golpe de Estado en Honduras". Honduras Laboral. Archived from the original on 2009-08-09. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ a b c Santibáñez, Samuel (2009-08-02). "Honduras: La disyuntiva de la revolución no es democracia o dictadura, sino capitalismo o socialismo". Militante. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ a b "Never Again: Coups Against Democracy". Association for Women's Rights in Development. 2009-07-10. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ "Resistencia contra el golpe de Estado mantiene paralizada a Honduras". TeleSUR. 2009-08-08. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2009-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ For most recent and comprehensive study of human rigths situation in Honduras see Segundo Informe sobre Derechos Humanos en Honduras by Comité de Familiares de los Detenidos Desaparecidos de Honduras (COFADEH). http://www.cofadeh.org/html/documentos/segundo_informe_situacionl_resumen_violaciones_ddhh_golpe_estado.pdf
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