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{{Infobox Language family
{{Infobox Language family
|name=Wik
| name = Wik
| states = [[Australia]]
|altname=Middle Paman
|region=[[Queensland]]
| region = [[Cape York Peninsula]], [[Queensland]]
|familycolor=Australian
| familycolor = Australian
|fam1=[[Pama-Nyungan languages|Pama-Nyungan]]
| fam1 = [[Pama-Nyungan languages|Pama-Nyungan]]
|fam2=[[Northeast Pama-Nyungan languages|Northeast Pama-Nyungan]]?
| fam2 = [[Paman languages|Paman]]
| child1 = Wik-Ngathan
|fam3=[[Paman languages|Paman]]?
| child2 = Wik-Me'nh
|fam4=North Cape York
| child3 = Wik-Mungknh
| child4 = Kugu-Muminh
| child5 = [[Ayabadhu language]]
| child6 = [[Bakanha language]]
}}
}}
The '''Wik ''' or '''Middle Paman''' languages are a family of [[genetic relationship|genetically related]] [[Australian Aboriginal languages]] spoken on the [[Cape York]] peninsula, [[Queensland]], [[Australia]].


The '''Wik languages''', or '''Middle Paman languages''', are a subdivision of the [[Paman languages]] consisting of sixteen [[language]]s, all spoken on the [[Cape York Peninsula]] of [[Queensland]], [[Australia]]. This grouping was first proposed by [[R. M. W. Dixon]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Dixon | first = R. M. W. | authorlink = R. M. W. Dixon | year = 2002 | title = Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development}}</ref> The [[Ethnologue]] classification is slightly different and some of the languages have other names.<ref>[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=45-16 Ethnologue report on Middle Paman languages]</ref>
Most Wik dialects have names beginning with the prefix ''Wik-'', and some can use either ''Wik-'' or ''Kugu-''/''Kuku-''.
==Classification==
[[R. M. W. Dixon]] (2002) places the Wik languages as a subgroup within the [[north Cape York subgroup]], along with the [[Northern Paman subgroup]] and [[Umpila language|Umpila]].


The sixteen languages can be seen below:
As is the case with many Australian languages, a traditional name exists only for each tribal [[dialect]], and there is no name for [[language]]s in the linguistic sense. Additionally, linguists sometimes differ as to how the dialects should be grouped to form languages. [[Ethnologue]] regards each dialect as a distinct language.
* [[Ayabadhu language]]
{| class="wikitable"
* [[Bakanha language]]
! Dialects
* '''Wik-Ngathan'''
! Dixon (2002)
⚫
** [[Wik-Ngathan language]]
|-
| [[Wik Ngathan|Wik-Ngathan]]
** [[Wik-Ngatharr language]]
* '''Wik-Me'nh'''
⚫
|rowspan="2"| [[Wik-Ngathan language|Wik-Ngathan]]
** [[Wik-Me'nh language]]
|-
| [[Wik Ngatharr|Wik-Ngatharr]]
** [[Wik-Ep language]]
* '''Wik-Mungknh'''
|-
| [[Wik Me'nh|Wik-Me'nh]]
** [[Wik-Mungknh language]]
|rowspan="3"| [[Wik-Me'nh language|Wik-Me'nh]]
** [[Wik-Iiyanh language]]
* '''Kugu-Muminh'''
|-
| [[Wik-Ep language|Wik-Ep]]
** [[Kugu-Muminh language]]
⚫
** [[Kugu-Nganhcara language]]
|-
| [[Wik-Keyeganh language|Wik-Keyeganh]]
** [[Kugu-Mu'inh language]]
⚫
** [[Kugu-Uwanh language]]
|-
| [[Wik-Mungkan language|Wik-Mungknh]]
** [[Kugu-Ugbanh language]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Wik-Mungknh language|Wik-Mungknh]]
** [[Kugu-Yi'anh language]]
⚫
** [[Kugu-Mangk language]]
|-
| [[Wik-Iiyanh language|Wik-Iiyanh]]
** [[Kugu-Iyanh language]]
Note that each of the Kuku-Muminh languages may have the [[prefix]] ''Wik-'' instead of ''Kugu-''.
|-
| [[Kugu-Muminh language|Kugu-/Wik-Muminh]]
|rowspan="8"| [[Kugu-Muminh language|Kugu-Muminh]]
|-
⚫
| [[Kugu-Nganhcara language|Kugu-/Wik-Nganhcara]]
|-
| [[Kugu-Mu'inh language|Kugu-/Wik-Mu'inh]]
|-
| [[Kugu Uwanh|Kugu-/Wik-Uwanh]]
|-
| [[Kugu-Ugbanh language|Kugu-/Wik-Ugbanh]]
|-
| [[Kugu-Yi'anh language|Kugu-/Wik-Yi'anh]]
|-
⚫
| [[Kugu-Mangk language|Kugu-/Wik-Mangk]]
|-
⚫
| [[Kugu-Iyanh language|Kugu-/Wik-Iyanh]]
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"| [[Bakanha language|Bakanha]]
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"| [[Ayabadhu language|Ayabadhu]]
|}


==See also==
== See also ==
*[[Wik peoples]]
* [[Wik peoples]]
*[[Wik Peoples v Queensland]]
* [[Wik Peoples v Queensland]]


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book |last=Dixon |first=R. M. W. |authorlink=R. M. W. Dixon |year=2002 |title=Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |url=http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521473780}}

==External links==
[[Category:Australian Aboriginal languages]]
*[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=90505 Ethnologue report for Middle Pama]

[[Category:Paman languages]][[Category:Language families]]
{{ia-lang-stub}}

Revision as of 09:46, 29 December 2009

Wik
Geographic
distribution		Cape York Peninsula, Queensland
Linguistic classificationPama-Nyungan
Subdivisions
Language codes

The Wik languages, or Middle Paman languages, are a subdivision of the Paman languages consisting of sixteen languages, all spoken on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia. This grouping was first proposed by R. M. W. Dixon.[1] The Ethnologue classification is slightly different and some of the languages have other names.[2]

The sixteen languages can be seen below:

Note that each of the Kuku-Muminh languages may have the prefix Wik- instead of Kugu-.

See also

References

  1. ^ Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development.
  2. ^ Ethnologue report on Middle Paman languages
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