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* Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Ser. n. Gallus, consul in 243 B.C.<ref>''[[Fasti|Fasti Capitolini]]''.</ref><ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], ''[[Bibliotheca historica|Bibliotheca Historica]], Fragmenta Vaticana’’, p. 60, ed. Dinsdorf.</ref>
* Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Ser. n. Gallus, consul in 243 B.C.<ref>''[[Fasti|Fasti Capitolini]]''.</ref><ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], ''[[Bibliotheca historica|Bibliotheca Historica]], Fragmenta Vaticana’’, p. 60, ed. Dinsdorf.</ref>
* Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Gallus, father of the consul of 166 B.C.
* Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Gallus, father of the consul of 166 B.C.
* [[Gaius Sulpicius Gallus (consul 166 BC)|Gaius Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus]], a great scholar; as consul in 166 B.C., triumphed over the [[Ligures]].<ref>[[Livy|Titus Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe Condita (book)|Ab Urbe Condita]]'', xlv. 44.</ref><ref>''[[Fasti|Fasti Capitolini]]''.</ref>
* [[Gaius Sulpicius Gallus|Gaius Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus]], a great scholar; as consul in 166 B.C., triumphed over the [[Ligures]].<ref>[[Livy|Titus Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe Condita (book)|Ab Urbe Condita]]'', xlv. 44.</ref><ref>''[[Fasti|Fasti Capitolini]]''.</ref>
* Quintus Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus, died at an early age, and his death was borne by his father with great fortitude.<ref>[[Cicero|Marcus Tullius Cicero]], ''[[De Oratore]]'', i. 53, ''[[Brutus (Cicero)|Brutus]]'', 23, ''[[Laelius de Amicitia]]'', 2, 6, ''Epistulae ad Familiares'', iv. 6.</ref>
* Quintus Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus, died at an early age, and his death was borne by his father with great fortitude.<ref>[[Cicero|Marcus Tullius Cicero]], ''[[De Oratore]]'', i. 53, ''[[Brutus (Cicero)|Brutus]]'', 23, ''[[Laelius de Amicitia]]'', 2, 6, ''Epistulae ad Familiares'', iv. 6.</ref>


Revision as of 21:05, 10 February 2010

The gens Sulpicia was one of the most ancient patrician families at Rome, and produced a succession of distinguished men, from the foundation of the Republic to the imperial period. The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus, in 500 B.C., only nine years after the expulsion of the Tarquins, and the last of the name who appears on the consular Fasti was Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus in A.D. 158. Although originally patrician, the family also possessed plebeian members, some of whom may have been descended from freedmen of the gens.[1]

Praenomina used by the gens

The Sulpicii made regular use of only four praenomina: Publius, Servius, Quintus, and Gaius. The only other praenomen appearing under the Republic is Marcus, known as the father of Gaius Sulpicius Peticus, five times consul during the fourth century B.C. The last of the Sulpicii known to have held the consulship, in the second century A.D., was named Sextus, a praenomen otherwise unknown in the gens.[2]

Branches and cognomina of the gens

The family names of the Sulpicii during the Republic are Camerinus Cornutus, Galba, Gallus, Longus, Paterculus, Peticus, Praetextatus, Quirinus, Rufus, and Saverrio. Besides these cognomina, we meet with some other surnames belonging to freedmen and to other persons under the Empire. On coins we find the surnames Galba, Platorinus, Proclus, and Rufus.[3]

Camerinus was the name of an old patrician family of the Sulpicia gens, which probably derived its name from the ancient town of Cameria or Camerium, in Latium. Many of them bore the agnomen Cornutus, from a Latin adjective meaning "horned". The Camerini frequently held the highest offices in the state in the early times of the Republic; but after 345 B.C., when Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Rufus was consul, we do not hear of them again for upwards of four hundred years, till Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus obtained the consulship in A.D. 9. The family was reckoned one of the noblest in Rome in the early times of the Empire.[4]

The Praetextati appear in the second half of the fifth century B.C. The family appears to have been a small one, descended from the Camerini. It probably derived its name from one of several related meanings. Praetextus commonly referred to clothing with a decorative border, and especially to the toga praetexta, a toga with a purple border worn by boys and magistrates. Something veiled or concealed could also be described as praetextatus.[5][6][7]

The Sulpicii Longi flourished during the fourth century B.C., from the time of the Gallic sack of Rome in 390 to the period of the Samnite Wars. The cognomen Longus may have been bestowed upon the ancestor of this family because he was particularly tall.[8][9]

The surname Rufus, meaning "red", probably referred to the color of the hair of one of the Sulpicii, and may have begun as a cadet branch of the Camerini, as both cognomina were united in the consul of 345 B.C.[10]

The Sulpicii Galli were a family of the second and third centuries, B.C.. Their cognomen may refer to a cock, or to a Gaul. The greatest of this family, Gaius Sulpicius Gallus, was a successful general and statesman, as well as an orator and scholar much admired by Cicero.[11]

The Sulpicii Galbae first came to prominence during the Second Punic War, and remained distinguished until the first century, when Servius Sulpicius Galba claimed the title of Emperor. The surname may share a common root with the adjective galbinus, a greenish-yellow color, although its exact significance with respect to the Sulpicii is unclear.[12][13]

Members of the gens

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

Sulpicii Camerini

Sulpicii Praetextati

  • Quintus Sulpicius Ser. f. Camerinus Praetextatus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 434 B.C.[26][27]
  • Servius Sulpicius Praetextatus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 377, 376, 370, and 368 B.C., sometimes confused with his kinsman, Servius Sulpicius Rufus.[28][29]
  • Sulpicia Praetextata, the wife of Crassus, is mentioned at the commencement of the reign of Vespasian, in A.D. 70.[30]

Sulpicii Petici

  • Quintus Sulpicius Peticus, grandfather of the consul of 364 B.C.
  • Marcus Sulpicius Q. f. Peticus, father of the consul of 364 B.C.
  • Gaius Sulpicius M. f. Q. n. Peticus, censor in 366, consul in 364, 361, 355, 353, and 351 B.C., and dictator in 358.

Sulpicii Longi

Sulpicii Rufi

Sulpicii Saverriones

Sulpicii Paterculi

  • Quintus Sulpicius Paterculus, grandfather of the consul of 258 B.C.
  • Quintus Sulpicius Q. f. Paterculus, father of the consul of 258 B.C.
  • Gaius Sulpicius Q. f. Q. n. Paterculus, consul in 258 B.C., during the First Punic War, triumphed over the Carthaginians in Sicilia.
  • Servius Sulpicius Paterculus, the father of Sulpicia, who dedicated the temple of Venus Verticordia.
  • Sulpicia Ser. f., married Quintus Fulvius Flaccus, and thought to be the chastest woman in Rome, selected to dedicate the temple of Venus Verticordia in 113 B.C.

Sulpicii Galli

  • Servius Sulpicius Gallus, grandfather of the consul of 243 B.C.
  • Gaius Sulpicius Ser. f. Gallus, father of the consul of 243 B.C.
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Ser. n. Gallus, consul in 243 B.C.[33][34]
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Gallus, father of the consul of 166 B.C.
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus, a great scholar; as consul in 166 B.C., triumphed over the Ligures.[35][36]
  • Quintus Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus, died at an early age, and his death was borne by his father with great fortitude.[37]

Sulpicii Galbae

Others

Christian figures

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  2. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  3. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  4. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  5. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  6. ^ T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (1952).
  7. ^ D.P. Simpson, Cassell's Latin & English Dictionary (1963).
  8. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  9. ^ D.P. Simpson, Cassell's Latin & English Dictionary (1963).
  10. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  11. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  12. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  13. ^ D.P. Simpson, Cassell's Latin & English Dictionary (1963).
  14. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, ii. 19.
  15. ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia, v. 52, 55, 57, vi. 20.
  16. ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Brutus, 16.
  17. ^ Joannes Zonaras, Epitome Historiarum, vii. 13.
  18. ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia, vii. 68, viii. 22.
  19. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 22, 27.
  20. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, xv. 41.
  21. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vii. 28.
  22. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, xvi. 66.
  23. ^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, xiii. 52.
  24. ^ Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, lxiii. 18.
  25. ^ Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, Epistulae, v. 3.
  26. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 23.
  27. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, xii. 53.
  28. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 32-34, 36, 38.
  29. ^ Barthold Georg Niebuhr, History of Rome, iii. pp. 2, 3.
  30. ^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Historiae, iv. 42.
  31. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 4, 18, 21.
  32. ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Murena, 26, 27, Epistulae ad Atticum, ix. 18, 19, x. 14, Epistulae ad Familiares, iv. 2, Philippicae, ix. 5.
  33. ^ Fasti Capitolini.
  34. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, Fragmenta Vaticana’’, p. 60, ed. Dinsdorf.
  35. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xlv. 44.
  36. ^ Fasti Capitolini.
  37. ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, De Oratore, i. 53, Brutus, 23, Laelius de Amicitia, 2, 6, Epistulae ad Familiares, iv. 6.
  38. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxx. 39, xxxii. 7.
  39. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xlii. 28, 31.
  40. ^ Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum, Galba, 3.
  41. ^ Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum, Galba, 3.
  42. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  43. ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxxix. 11-13.
  44. ^ Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium libri IX, vi. 7. § 3.
  45. ^ Appianus, Bellum Civile, iv. 39.
  46. ^ Fasti Capitolini.
  47. ^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, xv. 49, 50, 68.
  48. ^ Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, lxii. 24.
  49. ^ Fasti Capitolini.
  50. ^ Aelius Lampridius, Alexander Severus, c. 20.
  51. ^ Johann Christian Wernsdorf, Poetae Latini Minores, iii. p. 235 ff., 408.
  52. ^ Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum, Claudius, 4, 41.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

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