Rohtak

Rohtak Rohtak
Population  (2001)
• Total	28 6,773
Website	http://rohtak.nic.in/

Rohtak (Template:Lang-pa, Template:Lang-hi) is a municipal council located in Rohtak District in the Haryana state of India on N.H. 10, 70 km from the national capital of India, Delhi.

History

The district derives its name from its headquarters town Rohtak which is said to be a correction of Rohtashgarh, a name still applied to the ruined sites (also called khokhrakot) of two older sites, one lying immediately north of the present town and other about 5 Kms towards the east. Traditionally, it is named after Raja Rohtash in whose days city is said to have been built. It is also claimed that the town derives its name from the Roherra (Tacoma undulate) tree called Rohitaka in Sanskrit. It is said that before the town came into existence it was the site of a forest of Rohitaka trees and hence ita name became Rohtak. Another version connects Rohtak with Rohitaka, which is mentioned in Mahabharta in connection with campaign of Nakula, the Pandva warrior.

--History of the district as an Administrative unit--

The areas of Rohtak district under went many changes, extending over hundreds of years before the administrative unit emerged in its present from. Under the Mughal Emperor Akbar, when his Minister Todar Mal divided North India into administrative circles, the areas of Rohtak (as a part of Suba of Delhi) fell within the Sarkars of Delhi and Hisar firuqa. Lying close to the imperial city of Delhi, the tract which now comprises the Rohtak district, was often granted in military Jagir by the Sultan and Mughal emperors to the Nobles of the court. For this reason Rajput, Brahman, Afgan, and Baluch chiefs have at different times enjoyed its revenues. On the death of Bahadur-Shah-I(1707-12), the successor of Aurangzeb, the Mugal empire began to decline rapidly. The areas of Rohtak frequently experienced a change of masters. The claims of Imperials were contested sometimes by the Rajputs, Jats and Sikhs and often by the Marathas. George Thomas, the protege of a Maratha leader, Appa Kandirao, established his authority at Hansi and extended it to Meham and Rohtak for a number of years, until Sindhia and various other regional forces combined to derive him away. Sindhia was, however, not destined to hold for long his conquests to the west of the Yamuna. By the treaty of Surjit Arjungaon, signed on December 30, 1803, the Rohtak area along with the other possessions of Sindhia situated to the west of Yamuna passed to the British and came under the administration of the North-west provinces.

The British had no intention at that time to hold large territories beyond the Yamuna. Accordingly, a number of Chiefs and leaders who had done good military service against the Marathas or had at least remained neutral, were settled in this tract to form a barrier of independent outposts between the British border and the Cis-Sutlej Sikh estates as well as the trans-sutlej rising kingdom of Ranjit Singh. Accordingly, the Jhajjar territory was given to Nawab Nijabat Ali Khan and the Baluch possessions at B.Garh to his brother, Nawab Ismail Khan. Gohana and Kharkhoda-Mandothi tehsils were given to Raja Bagh Singh of Jind and Bhai Lal Singh of Kaithal as life jagirs. The villages Lohari, Patudha and Kheri Sultan in the south east corner of Jhajjar tehsil were given as a seprate Jagir to Mohmad Khan son and Nawab Nijabat Ali Khan. The estates of Hassngarh, Kirhauli, Pyladgarh(Pehladpur) and Khurampur in Sampla area were also granted to him for life. Rohtak, Beri and Meham tehsils of the present district were given to the Nawab of Dujana who resigned the major portion of the gift in 1809 because it was beyond his power to manage it.

The formation of present Rohtak district began when the gift was abandoned by the Dujana Chief. The Gohana and Kharkhoda-Mandothi estates lapsed to the British Govt. after of the death of Bhai Lal Singh in 1818 and Bhagh Singh in 1820. When the Hissar district was created in the latter year, the Beri and Meham-Bhiwani tehsils were included in Hisar and the other portions of the present northern tehsils in Panipat. In 1824 the Rohtak district was formed as a separate unit consisting of Gohana, Kharkhoda-Mandothi, Rohtak, Beri and Meham -Bhiwani tehsils. The Bahadurgarh territory formed its eastern and Jhajjar its southern boundary. Until 1832, the whole area, including Rohtak, was under the resident of Delhi, but when in that year it was brought under the same regulations as the rest of North indian, the resident became commissioner. The district was abolished in 1841, Gohana going to Panipat and rest of tehsil to Delhi but in the very next year it was created again. Two districts of Rohtak and Jhajjar togather with rest of Delhi and Hisar divisions were detached from North-western provinces after 1857 and passed to the Punjab by the Govt. of India on 13 April 1858. The Rohtak district remained a part of the Hisar division until 1884.

After its transfer to the Punjab, the Rohtak district experienced several changes before assuming its present form. Bahadurgarh estate was added to the Sampla tehsil, five detached village to the east, going to Delhi. Jhajjar including some areas of Narnaul, Kanaudh and Dahari was at first created as a new district but was abolished shortly afterward in 1860, when large parts of it were assigned to the phulkian chief as a rewards for their loyal services. While the Jhajjar tehsil itself was added to Rohtak several Badali villages were transferred either to Delhi or Gurgoan and two detached Jhajjar estates were given to the Raja of Jind. In the following year, The Meham tehsil was abolished and after making necessary territorial adjustments in favour of Hisar and Delhi, the rest of the area was added to Rohtak tehsil. All these changer were completed by 1 July 1861.

On the abolition of Hisar Division in 1884, the Rohtak district was transferred to Delhi division. It consisted of four tehsils-Rohtak, Gohana, Jhajjar and Sampla, But in April 1910, Sampla tehsil was abolished for reasons of administrative economy and its area was divided between the Rohtak and Jhajjar tehsils which had reminded attached to the Delhi district since 1861 and was added to the Rohtak district in September 1912, on the separation of Delhi Territory from the Punjab. The district was then attached to Ambala division. In 1948, Dujana state was merged in Jhajjar tehsil and a new sub-tehsil of Nahar was created.

Thus, Rohtak district was given a shae with four Tehsils i.e. Rohtak, Sonipat, Jhajjar and Gohana with Nahar and Meham as sub-tehsil of Jhajjar and Gohana tehsils respectively. Tehsil of B.Garh was created in 1973 from Jhajjar tehsil. In 1973 Meham sub-tehsil was upgraded as tehsil. Sonipat tehsil was created by bifurcating Rohtak distt, and Gohana and Sonipat tehsils were alloted to Sonipat district. One more tehsil, Kosli was created out of Jhajjar tehsil and Nahar sub-tehsil was abolished and the bifurcated Rohtak district, composed of five tehsils, namely Rohtak, B.garh, Jhajjar, Meham and kosli and one sub-tehsil M.hail was also created. In November 1989 reorganisation of district took place and Gohana tehsil was again attached with Rohtak district Of Rewari. Three sub-tehsils of Badli, M.hail and Beri were created again in July 1992, Gohana tehsil was again transferred to Sonipat district and Badli sub-tehsil was abolised later on.

In July 1997, Jhajjar district was created after bifurcating Rohtak district into Rohtak and Jhajjar districts and the present Rohtak District consists of Rohtak and Meham Tehsils, while Jhajjar and B.garh tehsils are in Jhajjar district

Geography

Out of the total geographical area of the district, 83% is under cultivation. The main crops are wheat, gram, sugarcane and bajra. There is no perennial river in the district. The underground water level is relatively high. The district is faced with the problem of brackish water and waterlogging in many parts of the district. The subsoil water depth varies from 4 to 40 feet (12 m).

Area and Population

The district is having an area of 1668.47 km². Population of the district as per 1991 census is 776,966. The density of population is 466 per km². There are 146 villages and 151 Panchayats on the district. The rural population is 531,263 and urban population is 24,5703. As per 1991 census, rural population constitutes 68.38 % of the total population of the district. The SC population is 145,435 (18.72%) while rural SC population is 10 7131 (20.10%). The economy of the district is primarily agriculture i.e. agrarian economy. About 51.89% of the total workers are engaged in agriculture and allied activities, 7.68% in cottage and household industries and the rest are engaged in other activities. Out of total geographical area of the district, 83% is under cultivation. The main crops are wheat, gram, sugarcane and bajra. There is no perennial river in the district. Underground water level is relatively high. The district is faced with the problem of brackish water and water logging in many parts of the district.

Economy

The economy of the district is primarily agrarian. About 51.89% of the total workers are engaged in agriculture and allied activities, 7.68% in cottage and household industries and the rest are engaged in other activities. The farmers of Rohtak district are quite progressive and therefore, mechanisation and adoption of modern technology in farming are gaining momentum. The demand for tractors and new devices such as multi-purpose threshers, hoeing and weeding wheels, seed drill etc. have been increasing constantly. Similarly, there has been constant increase in the number of pumpset/tubewell in the district.

Through-agriculture is the main activity in the district, it dose not provide sufficient income. To supplement their meagre-income, they are ebgaged in various allied activities viz dairying, poultry, piggery, sheep, goat rearing etc. Dairying is the most important allied activity in the district. In order to increase the milk production, Animal Husbandry activities, including breeding with semen of superior bulls, veterinary facilities, extension work, formation of cooperative societies do exist in the district. The district has one milk plant unit at Rohtak. The milk plant makes products like butter, ghee, milk powder etc. Further the district has two sheep and wool extension centres at Ritoli and Pilana. There is one poultry Hatchery at Rohtak. To provide marketing assistance to DWCRA and IRDP beneficiaries, one sale counter namely Gramodaya, has also been started at Mini Sectt. Complex, Rohtak.

Industrially, Rohtak is one of the fast developing districts of Haryana, having good industrial base with large and medium scale industries along with many small scale units. The distribution of industrial activities is however uneven. The majority of industrial units are concentrated at Rohtak Delhi Road.

District's ample agricultural resources, availability of skilled labourers, a good net work of infrastructural facilities and various incentives offered by Govt. coupled with its close proximity to Delhi has given impetus to the new enterprises to establish their industries in district. Some now industrial centres are coming up along N.H-10, passing through this district. Rohtak is one of the previlaged district as it has essential infrastructure. All villages are electrified and well connected by pucca roads. The district is well provided with other essential services like postal service, education/health ect.

Rohtak

The Rohtak block was created in 1954 and is having 57 villages/55 panchayats and one town. It is a densely populated block in the district. It has a rural population of 181,1458 with the area of 53,358.55 Ha. It is industrially developed nlock having large, medium scaloe industries and small scale industrial units. One PGIMS and one University are situated at Rohtak and this block has many colleges, two ITIs one Ayurvedic college and one Engineering College. There are 62 Bank branches looking after the needs of area.

Lakhan Majra

The Block was formed in 1974. It has an total area of 16,653 Ha. and has a rural population of 54 809 spreading over in 13 villages /Panchayats. There are 5 offices of the banks in the block and those villages which are not covered by above bank offices are covered by bank branches of the Rohtak town.

Meham

The block is situated in the northwest of the district. The block has an rural area is 41,617 Ha. and has rural population of 120,112 spread over in 24 Villages/34 Panchayats and one town. Canal irrigation is the main source of irrigation. Rural industries are in the block. There are large/medium and small scale industries in the block. There are 13 bank branches operating in the block.

Sampla

Sampla block is situated on the eastern part of the district. The rural area of the block is 22,658.98 Ha. covering 24 villages/25 Panchayats. It has a population of 101,249. Industrial growth is gaining momentum at Sampla. Agricultural implements are the main industrial products. There are 9 bank offices functioning in the block.

Kalanaur

There are 23 villages and one town in the block. The block has an rural area of 22,706.83 Ha. and has rural population of 73,635. The economy of the block is mainly an agrarian economy. The block is served by 9 bank branches. New industrial units are coming up in the block. There is one college at Kalanaur.

Places of Interest

1. Rohtak

Rohtak city is the headquarter of Rohtak Tehsil and district. It is situated on Delhi Hisar N.H.10. The ruins of the ancient town at Khokrakot prove that perhaps the town is as old as Indus valley Civilization as the Minar finds at Khokhrakot are typical of Indus Valley sites. It is also Identified with Rohitika, mentioned in the Mahabharta. It was quite possibly the capital of Bahudhanyaka the kingdom of yaudheyas. In the vinaya of the Mulasarvasti-vadins, Jivaka is represented as taking journey from Taxila in the north west of Bhadramkara, Udumbasa, Rohitaka and Nathura in the Ganga Doab. The ancient highway carried the trade of the ganga valley to Taxila passing through Rohitika to Sakala. The existence of the town during the rule of Kushanas is testified by the recovery of Khushana Pillar Capital decorated with carving of winged lions and riders. The Pillar capital represents the sculptor's excellence in his professional skill. An example of a lion capital of 1-2 century AD, it resembles the lion capital in the British museum at London, famous for its inscriptions. The riders on it are similar to the riders on elephant at Karle cave and figures at Sanchi Gateway. It is a significant example of the sculptural art of Haryana towards the beginning of the Christian era. Clay mounds of coins discovered at Khokhrakot have thrown important light on the process of casting coins in ancient India. The coin moulds of the later Yadhyayas of the 3-4 century AD have been discovered in large numbers here of the same and subsequent dates are several cly sealings. A Gupta terraacota plague and a head of later date have also been discovered. The town continued to flourish till the 10th century, as coins of samanta Deva, the Hindus King of kabul have been found here. At present, there is one University, one PGIMS, the institutes of prestige. The rewri of this town are famous.

2. Asthal Bohar

Asthal bohar is stuated 6-7 Km east of Rohtak city on Rohtak-Delhi N.H.10. the place is know for its math and ancient finds sculptured stone idols. According to a legend, Pooran Bhagat of Sialkot and disciple of Guru Gorakhnath, came hare and founded this nplace. after being neglected, the Math was revided in 1791 or so, when Baba Mast Nath came here. Now here are Ayurvedic Degree College, Free Hospital, Business Management Institute, Engineering College and other institutions being run by Math.

3. Meham

Meham town is situated 30 km. west of Rohtak city on Rohtak Hisar N.H.No.10. Tradition assigns the settement of the town to Mahabharta period when it was a site of big fort. Later it was re-founded by Rai Ballu, a Power Rajput, before the reign of prithi Raj Chauhan. It is said to have been destroyed by Mohammad Gauri. But this place of antiquity is not historically recovered before the reign of Akbar, when he gave it in Jagir to Shahbaz Khan, an Afgan. later in the reign of Aurangzeb, it was santched from Afgans by the Rajputs Ancient monuments in the town includs a bain or baoli(well with steps leading to it) and two mosques i.e. jama Masjid and Pirzada Masjid. The baoli is having 101 steps and has suits of rooms neer the well. An inscription on a marble slab records the fact that it was made by Sidu, a chobdar in 1656-57. It is made of Kankar ( Gravel) and sand stone. It is, however, not the oldest baoli of the town, having been built to replace another one which had fallen into disuse due to change in the alignment of Delhi Hisar Road. The new baoli is towards the south of the town, while the old one is towards east. the jama Masjid, was constructed in the time of Humayu in 1531, as seen from the inscription under the pulpit stairs. Outside and over the south arch is another scription of the time of Aurangazeb, 1667-68, stating that the mosque has built by Khawaja Rahmet Ullah. Two Arabic inscriptions also show that a mosque existed there even before the rein of Humayu. The pirzada Masjid is a small Masjid towards south of Jama Masjid built in the reign ofd Babar by Sheikh Yasaf of Hisar as per inscription.

Villages

Bhaloth Rithal Sanghi Jasia Kiloi "HassanGarh" Murad Pur Tekna Garnauthi

Notable people from Rohtak

• Manjeet Dangi- Lecturer ion teaching of English
• Mallika Sherawat - Bollywood Actress
• Randeep Hooda - Bollywood Actor
• Bhupinder Singh Hooda - present chief minister of Haryana
• Deepender Singh Hooda - Member of Parliament
• Subhash Ghai - Bollywood Director
• Mamta Kharab - Golden Girl and X-Captain of Indian women Hockey Team
• Joginder Sharma - Cricketer
• Chhotu Ram - Famous as "Kisano ke Masiha" and politician
• Mahendra Chaudhry - First Indo-Fiji Prime Minister
• Swami Indravesh - Arya Samaj Leader
• YATIN KATYAL (THE TADA) -- STUDENT DIRECTOR OF NIT KURUKSHETRA, THE PAC MEMBER,CEO OF THE ROBOTICS.

Education

File:Pgims.jpg

Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak

Further information: List of educational institutes in Rohtak

• Matu Ram Institute Of Engineering & Management(Jat Education Society, Rohtak)

• University Institute Of Engineering & Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University

• Maharishi Dayanand University

• Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences

• Model School, Ambedkar Chock,Rohtak

*The Sanskriti School, 6 milestone, Gohanna Road, Rohtak

• Sanskriti College of Education (For BEd)

• Shiksha Bharti Senior Secondary School, Rohtak

• Delhi Public School (DPS) - a branch of DPS Delhi situated in the outskirts of the city.

• M.D.N Public School

• Silver Bells Public School.

• Indus Public School (IPS)
• Scholar's Rosary Public School

• Shri Baba Mastnath School

• Pathania Public School

• Vaish Public School

• Vaish College of Engineering

References

Vaish Public School

External links

• Rohtak Website
• Rohtak.nic.in

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