Ocelot: Difference between revisions
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==Physical characteristics== |
==Physical characteristics== |
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The Ocelot measures up to 1 m (3'2") in length, plus 45 cm (1'6") tail length, and weighs 11.5–16 kg (25–35 pounds),<ref name="Animal">{{cite book |title=Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife |first=David |last=Burnie |coauthor=Don E. Wilson |location=New York City |publisher=Dorling Kindersley |isbn=0-7894-7764-5 |year=2001}}</ref> making it the largest of the generally dainty ''[[Leopardus]]'' wild cat genus. While similar in appearance to the [[Oncilla]] and [[Margay]], which inhabit the same region, the Ocelot is larger. It has the lowest resting body temperature of any feline.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} It has a tawny to reddish-brown coat marked with black spots and [[Rosette (zoology)|rosettes]]. The fur is short, and lighter beneath. There are single white spots, called [[Eyespot (mimicry)|ocelli]], on the backs of the ears, and there are two black lines on either side of the face. It has a black-banded tail.<ref name=EWW/> |
The Ocelot measures up to 1 m (3'2") in length, plus 45 cm (1'6") tail length, and weighs 11.5–16 kg (25–35 pounds),<ref name="Animal">{{cite book |title=Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife |first=David |last=Burnie |coauthor=Don E. Wilson |location=New York City |publisher=Dorling Kindersley |isbn=0-7894-7764-5 |year=2001}}</ref> making it the largest of the generally dainty ''[[Leopardus]]'' wild cat genus. While similar in appearance to the [[Oncilla]] and [[Margay]], which inhabit the same region, the Ocelot is larger. It has the lowest resting body temperature of any feline.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} It has a tawny to reddish-brown coat marked with black spots and [[Rosette (zoology)|rosettes]]. The fur is short, and lighter beneath. There are single white spots, called [[Eyespot (mimicry)|ocelli]], on the backs of the ears, and there are two black lines on either side of the face. It has a black-banded tail.<ref name=EWW/> |
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==Behavior== |
==Behavior== |
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Revision as of 19:25, 19 April 2010
| Ocelot[1] | |
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| Species: | L. pardalis
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| Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
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| Ocelot range | |
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The Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), pronounced /ˈɒsəˌlɒt/, also known as the Painted Leopard, McKenney's Wildcat, Jaguatirica (in Brazil), Jaguarete (in Paraguay and Argentina), Tigrillo (in Ecuador), Cunaguaro (in Venezuela), or Manigordo (in Costa Rica and Panama) is a wild cat distributed over South and Central America and Mexico, but has been reported as far north as Arkansas and in Trinidad, in the Caribbean. North of Mexico, it is only found regularly in the extreme southern part of Texas[3], although there are rare sightings in Southern Arizona.[4]
The Ocelot's appearance is similar to that of the domestic cat. Its fur resembles that of a Clouded Leopard or Jaguar and was once regarded as particularly valuable. As a result, hundreds of thousands of Ocelots have been killed for their fur. The feline was classified a "vulnerable" endangered species from 1972 until 1996, but is now rated "least concern" by the 2008 IUCN Red List.
Etymology
The name ocelot comes from the Nahuatl word ōcēlōtl (pronounced [oːˈseːloːtɬ]), which usually refers to the Jaguar (Panthera onca) rather than the Ocelot.[5][6][7]
Taxonomy
The Ocelot's genus Leopardus consists of nine species similar to the Ocelot, such as Geoffroy's Cat and the Margay, which are also endemic to South and Central America.
Subspecies
The following are the currently recognized subspecies of Ocelot:[1]
- Leopardus pardalis pardalis, Amazon Rainforest
- Leopardus pardalis aequatorialis, northern Andes and Central America
- Leopardus pardalis albescens, Mexico, southwestern Texas
- Leopardus pardalis melanurus, Venezuela, Guyana, Trinidad
- Leopardus pardalis mitis, Argentina, Paraguay
- Leopardus pardalis nelsoni, Mexico
- Leopardus pardalis pseudopardalis, Colombia
- Leopardus pardalis puseaus, Ecuador
- Leopardus pardalis sonoriensis, Mexico
- Leopardus pardalis steinbachi, Bolivia
Physical characteristics
The Ocelot measures up to 1 m (3'2") in length, plus 45 cm (1'6") tail length, and weighs 11.5–16 kg (25–35 pounds),[8] making it the largest of the generally dainty Leopardus wild cat genus. While similar in appearance to the Oncilla and Margay, which inhabit the same region, the Ocelot is larger. It has the lowest resting body temperature of any feline.[citation needed] It has a tawny to reddish-brown coat marked with black spots and rosettes. The fur is short, and lighter beneath. There are single white spots, called ocelli, on the backs of the ears, and there are two black lines on either side of the face. It has a black-banded tail.[9] Jordan
Behavior
The Ocelot is mostly nocturnal and very territorial. It will fight fiercely, sometimes to the death, in territorial disputes. In addition, the cat marks its territory with especially pungent urine. Like most felines, it is solitary, usually meeting only to mate. However, during the day it rests in trees or other dense foliage, and will occasionally share its spot with another Ocelot of the same sex. When mating, the female will find a den in a cave in a rocky bluff, a hollow tree, or a dense (preferably thorny) thicket. The gestation period is estimated to be 70 days. Generally the female will have two or three kittens in the autumn, born with their eyes closed and a thin covering of hair.
The Ocelot will sometimes take to the trees. Ocelots hunt over a range of Template:Km2 to mi2, taking mostly small mammals (deer, various rodents), reptiles and amphibians (lizards, turtles and frogs), crab, birds and fish.[9] Almost all of the prey that the Ocelot hunts is far smaller than itself. Studies suggest that it follows and finds prey via odor trails, but the Ocelot also has very good vision, including night vision. The white rings around the Ocelot's eyes help to reflect extra light into the eye at night.
Distribution and habitat
The Ocelot is distributed over South and Central America and Mexico, but has been reported as far north as Texas and in Trinidad, in the Caribbean. Countries in this range are: Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Nicaragua, Suriname, United States and Venezuela. It's likely extinct in Uruguay.[2]
The Ocelot once inhabited the chaparral thickets of the Gulf Coast of south and eastern Texas, and was found in Arizona. In the United States, it now ranges only in several small areas of dense thicket in South Texas. The Ocelot's continued presence in the U.S. is questionable, as a result largely of the introduction of dogs, being shot by ranchers, the loss of habitat, and the introduction of highways. Young male Ocelots are frequently killed by cars during their search for a territory. The feline was classified a "vulnerable" endangered species from 1972 till 1996, but is now rated "least concern" by the 2008 IUCN Red List.[2]
On November 7, 2009 an ocelot was photographed in the mountains of Cochise County, Arizona. This is the first such verifiable evidence of the feline's presence in the state.[10]
As pets
Like many wild cats, it is occasionally kept as a pet. Salvador Dalí frequently traveled with his pet Ocelot Babou,[11] even bringing it aboard the luxury ocean liner, SS France.[12] Musician Gram Parsons kept an Ocelot as a pet in the back yard swimming pool area of his family's Winter Haven, Florida, home during his teens, in the mid-1960s.[13]
The Moche people of ancient Peru worshiped animals and often depicted the Ocelot in their art.[14]
References
- ^ a b Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 539. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b c Template:IUCN2008 Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
- ^ "The Nature Conservancy in Texas - Mammals - Ocelot". nature.org.
- ^ "North American Mammals - Carnivora - Felidae - Leopardus pardalis". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "ocelot, n.". Oxford English Dictionary (draft revision Mar. 2004 ed.).
- ^ Karttunen, Frances (1983). An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl. Austin: University of Texas Press. p. 176.
- ^ Lockhart, James (2001). Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 228.
- ^ Burnie, David (2001). Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife. New York City: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0-7894-7764-5.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthor=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Briggs, Mike (2006). The Encyclopedia of World Wildlife. Parragon Books. ISBN 9781405436793.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthor=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ "Rare ocelot photographed in southern Arizona". The Arizona Republic. 17 Apr 2010. Retrieved 18 Apr 2010.
- ^ http://www.ecademy.com/module.php?mod=list&lid=182510
- ^ Huggler, Justin. "Chic ship too toxic for scrapping". ssMaritime.com.
- ^ "Return of the grievous angel: New bio of Gram Parsons offers tragic insights" (PDF). Austin American Statesman. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
- ^ Museo Arqueologico Rafael Larco Herrera (1997). Katherine Berrin (ed.). The Spirit of Ancient Peru: Treasures from the Museo Arqueologico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York City: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 9780500018026.
External links
