Gregor Werner: Difference between revisions
Baryton provision in reprimand was not in Geiringer, my mistake, so using Webster and Feder instead. |
Consisten date format; -duplicate place of death; consolidated refs; wikilink for Karl Geiringer & James Webster (musicologist); link tweaks; completed DEFAULTSORT; |
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'''Gregor Joseph Werner''' 28 January 1693 – |
'''Gregor Joseph Werner''' (28 January 1693 – 3 March 1766) was an Austrian [[composer]]. |
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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Werner was born in [[Ybbs an der Donau]].<ref name=HU>[http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/30135 "Werner, Gregor Joseph"] by Hubert Unverricht, ''[[Grove Music Online]]'' {{Subscription}}</ref> He served from 1715 to either 1716 or 1721 (unknown) as the [[organist]] at [[Melk Abbey]].<ref name=HU /> During the 1720s he was in [[Vienna]], where he may have studied with [[Johann Fux]] and was married on 27 January 1727.<ref name=HU /> On 10 May 1728 he took up the position he was to hold for the rest of his life, as [[Kapellmeister]] at the [[House of Esterházy|Esterházy]] court in [[Schloss Esterházy]] in [[Eisenstadt]].<ref name=HU /> He was in full charge of the Esterházy musical establishment until 1761, when he entered a period of semi-retirement, his responsibilities limited to [[church music]].<ref name=HU /> He died in Eisenstadt on 3 March 1766.<ref name=HU /> |
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Werner wrote "[[a cappella]] masses in a strict contrapuntal style",<ref |
Werner wrote "[[a cappella]] [[Mass (music)|masses]] in a strict [[Counterpoint|contrapuntal]] style",<ref name=HU /> as well as church music with instrumental accompaniment, [[oratorio]]s, and [[Symphony|symphonies]]. His pupils included the Esterházy organist Johann Novotný<ref>[http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/20152 "Novotný, Franz Nikolaus"] by Camillo Schoenbaum, ''[[Grove Music Online]]'' {{Subscription}} {{Failed verification|date=August 2010}}</ref> and S. T. Kolbel.<ref name=HU /> |
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==Relations with Haydn== |
==Relations with Haydn== |
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Werner's period of semi-retirement began in 1761 when the Esterházy family hired the 29-year old composer [[Joseph Haydn]] as their Vice-Kapellmeister. The contract by which Haydn was hired shows the family's loyalty to their elderly musical servant by retaining him, at least on a titular basis, in the top post of Kapellmeister. However, after this time Werner's musical duties were limited to church music, and Haydn had the primary duties, with full control over the secular musical events of the household, including the orchestra.<ref>Geiringer (1982, 43)</ref> |
Werner's period of semi-retirement began in 1761 when the Esterházy family hired the 29-year old composer [[Joseph Haydn]] as their Vice-Kapellmeister. The contract by which Haydn was hired shows the family's loyalty to their elderly musical servant by retaining him, at least on a titular basis, in the top post of Kapellmeister. However, after this time Werner's musical duties were limited to church music, and Haydn, 39 years younger than Werner, had the primary duties, with full control over the secular musical events of the household, including the orchestra.<ref>Geiringer (1982, 43)</ref> |
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Werner was evidently bitter about Haydn, and a few months before his death |
Werner was evidently bitter about Haydn, and in October 1765, a few months before his death, he wrote a letter to [[Nikolaus Esterházy|Prince Esterházy]] denouncing Haydn for his putative slackness and laziness in running the Esterházy musical establishment. Werner succeeded completely in getting Haydn into trouble; there were unpleasant exchanges with the Prince's administrator Rahier, and the affair culminated in an official written reprimand.<ref name=G53>Geiringer (1982, 53)</ref> |
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The episode was responsible for at least two changes in Haydn's practice: he began to keep a draft catalog all his works (the "Entwurf-Katalog"),<ref |
The episode was responsible for at least two changes in Haydn's practice: he began to keep a draft catalog all his works (the "Entwurf-Katalog"),<ref name=G53 /> and –in response to a particular detail of the reprimand– he began writing a great number of works in the Prince's favorite genre at the time, the [[baryton]] trio.<ref>Webster and Feder (2002, 15)</ref> |
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That Haydn evidently did not harbor long-term bitter feelings about Werner is suggested<ref> |
That Haydn evidently did not harbor long-term bitter feelings about Werner is suggested<ref>Hughes (1974, 33)</ref><ref name=G53 /> by the fact that in his own old age (1804) he published "six introductions and fugues for string quartet, taken from Werner’s oratorios".<ref name=HU /> |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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<references/> |
<references /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*Geiringer, Karl (1982) ''Haydn: |
*[[Karl Geiringer|Geiringer, Karl]] (1982) ''Haydn: A Creative Life in Music''. Berkeley: [[University of California Press]]. ISBN 9780520043169 |
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*Hughes, Rosemary (1975) ''Haydn''. |
*Hughes, Rosemary (1975) ''Haydn''. London: [[J. M. Dent]]. ISBN 0460031600 |
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*Larsen, Jens Peter (1997) ''The New Grove: Haydn''. New York: [[W. W. Norton & Company]]. ISBN 0393016811 |
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*[[New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]], article "Gregor Joseph Werner". The article is by Hubert Unverricht. On line edition, copyright 2010 Oxford University Press. |
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*[[James Webster (musicologist)|Webster, James]] and Georg Feder (2002) ''The New Grove: Haydn''. [[Oxford University Press]]. ISBN 9780333804070 |
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*Webster, James and Georg Feder (2002) ''The New Grove Haydn''. Oxford University Press. |
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==External links== |
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*{{PND|11863142X}} |
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[[Category:1693 births]] |
[[Category:1693 births]] |
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[[Category:1766 deaths]] |
[[Category:1766 deaths]] |
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Revision as of 12:14, 5 August 2010
Gregor Joseph Werner (28 January 1693 – 3 March 1766) was an Austrian composer.
Career
Werner was born in Ybbs an der Donau.[1] He served from 1715 to either 1716 or 1721 (unknown) as the organist at Melk Abbey.[1] During the 1720s he was in Vienna, where he may have studied with Johann Fux and was married on 27 January 1727.[1] On 10 May 1728 he took up the position he was to hold for the rest of his life, as Kapellmeister at the Esterházy court in Schloss Esterházy in Eisenstadt.[1] He was in full charge of the Esterházy musical establishment until 1761, when he entered a period of semi-retirement, his responsibilities limited to church music.[1] He died in Eisenstadt on 3 March 1766.[1]
Werner wrote "a cappella masses in a strict contrapuntal style",[1] as well as church music with instrumental accompaniment, oratorios, and symphonies. His pupils included the Esterházy organist Johann Novotný[2] and S. T. Kolbel.[1]
Relations with Haydn
Werner's period of semi-retirement began in 1761 when the Esterházy family hired the 29-year old composer Joseph Haydn as their Vice-Kapellmeister. The contract by which Haydn was hired shows the family's loyalty to their elderly musical servant by retaining him, at least on a titular basis, in the top post of Kapellmeister. However, after this time Werner's musical duties were limited to church music, and Haydn, 39 years younger than Werner, had the primary duties, with full control over the secular musical events of the household, including the orchestra.[3]
Werner was evidently bitter about Haydn, and in October 1765, a few months before his death, he wrote a letter to Prince Esterházy denouncing Haydn for his putative slackness and laziness in running the Esterházy musical establishment. Werner succeeded completely in getting Haydn into trouble; there were unpleasant exchanges with the Prince's administrator Rahier, and the affair culminated in an official written reprimand.[4]
The episode was responsible for at least two changes in Haydn's practice: he began to keep a draft catalog all his works (the "Entwurf-Katalog"),[4] and –in response to a particular detail of the reprimand– he began writing a great number of works in the Prince's favorite genre at the time, the baryton trio.[5]
That Haydn evidently did not harbor long-term bitter feelings about Werner is suggested[6][4] by the fact that in his own old age (1804) he published "six introductions and fugues for string quartet, taken from Werner’s oratorios".[1]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Werner, Gregor Joseph" by Hubert Unverricht, Grove Music Online (subscription required)
- ^ "Novotný, Franz Nikolaus" by Camillo Schoenbaum, Grove Music Online (subscription required) [failed verification]
- ^ Geiringer (1982, 43)
- ^ a b c Geiringer (1982, 53)
- ^ Webster and Feder (2002, 15)
- ^ Hughes (1974, 33)
References
- Geiringer, Karl (1982) Haydn: A Creative Life in Music. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520043169
- Hughes, Rosemary (1975) Haydn. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460031600
- Larsen, Jens Peter (1997) The New Grove: Haydn. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0393016811
- Webster, James and Georg Feder (2002) The New Grove: Haydn. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780333804070