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==Discovery and species==
==Discovery and species==
''Kelmayisaurus'' is known only from jaw bones. It has been thought to be a ''[[nomen dubium]]'' due to its scanty remains,<ref>Rauhut, O.W.M., Xu, X. (2005): The small theropod dinosaurs ''Tugulusaurus'' and ''Phaedrolosaurus'' from the Early Cretaceous of Xinjiang, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25: 107-118.</ref> and its phylogenetic position is uncertain. It has usually been regarded as a [[basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] tetanuran of uncertain affinities.<ref>Molnar, R.E., Kurzanov, S.M., Dong, Z. (1990): Carnosauria. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, P., H. Osmólska (ed.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, 169-209.</ref><ref>Holtz, T.R., Molnar, R.E., Currie P.J. (2004): Basal Tetanurae. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, P., H. Osmólska (ed.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edn. University of California Press, Berkeley, 71-110.</ref> However, ''Kelmayisaurus'' may be diagnosable by the form and presence of a deeply-inset accessory groove on the [[anatomical terms of location|lateral]] side of the [[dentary]], the main toothbearing bone of the lower jaw. Some of its features are like those of [[carcharodontosauria]]ns, but they are also seen in large [[megalosauroidea|megalosauroids]] like ''[[Megalosaurus]]'' and ''[[Torvosaurus]]''.<ref>Brusatte, S. L., Benson, R. B. J., and Xu, X. 2010. The evolution of large-bodied theropod dinosaurs during the Mesozoic in Asia. Journal of Iberian Geology, 36, 275-296.</ref> The [[type species]] is ''K. petrolicus'', described by prolific Chinese [[paleontology|paleontologist]] [[Dong Zhiming]]. A supposed second species, K. "gigantus", was mentioned by Grady in a children book in 1993 as a gigantic vertebral column coming from a 22 m long specimen, but is a [[nomen nudum]] and probably does not pertain to ''Kelmayisaurus'' and is a [[sauropod]] instead.<ref>http://dml.cmnh.org/2003Jul/msg00355.html</ref>
''Kelmayisaurus'' is known only from jaw bones. It has been thought to be a ''[[nomen dubium]]'' due to its scanty remains,<ref>Rauhut, O.W.M., Xu, X. (2005): The small theropod dinosaurs ''Tugulusaurus'' and ''Phaedrolosaurus'' from the Early Cretaceous of Xinjiang, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25: 107-118.</ref> and its phylogenetic position is uncertain. It has usually been regarded as a [[basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] tetanuran of uncertain affinities.<ref>Molnar, R.E., Kurzanov, S.M., Dong, Z. (1990): Carnosauria. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, P., H. Osmólska (ed.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, 169-209.</ref><ref>Holtz, T.R., Molnar, R.E., Currie P.J. (2004): Basal Tetanurae. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, P., H. Osmólska (ed.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edn. University of California Press, Berkeley, 71-110.</ref> However, ''Kelmayisaurus'' is diagnosable by the form and presence of a deeply-inset accessory groove on the [[anatomical terms of location|lateral]] side of the [[dentary]], the main toothbearing bone of the lower jaw. Some of its features are like those of [[carcharodontosauria]]ns, but they are also seen in large [[megalosauroidea|megalosauroids]] like ''[[Megalosaurus]]'' and ''[[Torvosaurus]]''.<ref>Brusatte, S. L., Benson, R. B. J., and Xu, X. 2010. The evolution of large-bodied theropod dinosaurs during the Mesozoic in Asia. Journal of Iberian Geology, 36, 275-296.</ref> The [[type species]] is ''K. petrolicus'', described by prolific Chinese [[paleontology|paleontologist]] [[Dong Zhiming]]<ref>Dong, Z. (1973). "Dinosaurs from Wuerho". ''Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang (II): Pterosaurian Fauna from Wuerho, Sinkiang. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica'' 11: 45-52.</ref>. A supposed second species, K. "gigantus", was mentioned by Grady in a children book in 1993 as a gigantic vertebral column coming from a 22 m long specimen<ref>Grady, 1993. The Dinosaur Project: The Story of the Greatest Dinosaur Expedition Ever Mounted. Edmonton: Ex Terra Foundation; Toronto: Macfarlane Walter & Ross. ISBN: 0-921912-46-3. 261 pp.</ref>, but is a [[nomen nudum]] and probably does not pertain to ''Kelmayisaurus'' and is a [[sauropod]] instead<ref>http://dml.cmnh.org/2003Jul/msg00355.html</ref>.


==Classification==
==Classification==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
Dong, Z. (1973). "Dinosaurs from Wuerho". ''Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang (II): Pterosaurian Fauna from Wuerho, Sinkiang. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica'' 11: 45-52.


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 02:01, 7 November 2010

Kelmayisaurus
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Sauropsida
Superorder:
Dinosauria
Order:
Saurischia
Suborder:
Theropoda
Family:
unknown
Genus:
Kelmayisaurus

Dong (1973)
Species
  • K. petrolicus (type)
    Dong, 1973

Kelmayisaurus is a genus of tetanuran theropod dinosaur from the early Cretaceous. Its name refers to the petroleum-producing city of Karamay in the Xinjiang province of western China near where it was found. The fossils come from the Lianmugin Formation (?Valanginian-Albian) stages, around 140 to 100 million years ago.

Discovery and species

Kelmayisaurus is known only from jaw bones. It has been thought to be a nomen dubium due to its scanty remains,[1] and its phylogenetic position is uncertain. It has usually been regarded as a basal tetanuran of uncertain affinities.[2][3] However, Kelmayisaurus is diagnosable by the form and presence of a deeply-inset accessory groove on the lateral side of the dentary, the main toothbearing bone of the lower jaw. Some of its features are like those of carcharodontosaurians, but they are also seen in large megalosauroids like Megalosaurus and Torvosaurus.[4] The type species is K. petrolicus, described by prolific Chinese paleontologist Dong Zhiming[5]. A supposed second species, K. "gigantus", was mentioned by Grady in a children book in 1993 as a gigantic vertebral column coming from a 22 m long specimen[6], but is a nomen nudum and probably does not pertain to Kelmayisaurus and is a sauropod instead[7].

Classification

It was a bipedal carnivore that had some features which resemble Ceratosaurus.

References

  1. ^ Rauhut, O.W.M., Xu, X. (2005): The small theropod dinosaurs Tugulusaurus and Phaedrolosaurus from the Early Cretaceous of Xinjiang, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25: 107-118.
  2. ^ Molnar, R.E., Kurzanov, S.M., Dong, Z. (1990): Carnosauria. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, P., H. Osmólska (ed.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, 169-209.
  3. ^ Holtz, T.R., Molnar, R.E., Currie P.J. (2004): Basal Tetanurae. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, P., H. Osmólska (ed.), The Dinosauria, 2nd edn. University of California Press, Berkeley, 71-110.
  4. ^ Brusatte, S. L., Benson, R. B. J., and Xu, X. 2010. The evolution of large-bodied theropod dinosaurs during the Mesozoic in Asia. Journal of Iberian Geology, 36, 275-296.
  5. ^ Dong, Z. (1973). "Dinosaurs from Wuerho". Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang (II): Pterosaurian Fauna from Wuerho, Sinkiang. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica 11: 45-52.
  6. ^ Grady, 1993. The Dinosaur Project: The Story of the Greatest Dinosaur Expedition Ever Mounted. Edmonton: Ex Terra Foundation; Toronto: Macfarlane Walter & Ross. ISBN: 0-921912-46-3. 261 pp.
  7. ^ http://dml.cmnh.org/2003Jul/msg00355.html


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