Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904: Difference between revisions
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The '''Japan-Korea Protocol of August 1904''' was made between the [[Empire of Japan]] and the [[Korean Empire]] in 1904.<ref>Scott, James Brown. (1921). [http://books.google.com/books?id=BdoAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR7&dq=Japan+korea+treaty+of+1905&hl=en&ei=AFbXTNLoO8OBlAfewN38CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Japan%20korea%20treaty%20of%201905&f=false ''Korea, Treaties and Agreements,'' p. vii.]</ref> Negotiations were concluded on August 22, 1904.<ref name="mission35">Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). {{Google books|9OdAAAAAYAAJ|''Korea's Appeal,'' p. 35.|page=35}}; excerpt, "Alleged Treaty, dated August 22, 1904."</ref> |
The '''Japan-Korea Protocol of August 1904''' was made between representatives of the [[Empire of Japan]] and the [[Korean Empire]] in 1904.<ref>Scott, James Brown. (1921). [http://books.google.com/books?id=BdoAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR7&dq=Japan+korea+treaty+of+1905&hl=en&ei=AFbXTNLoO8OBlAfewN38CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Japan%20korea%20treaty%20of%201905&f=false ''Korea, Treaties and Agreements,'' p. vii.]</ref> Negotiations were concluded on August 22, 1904.<ref name="mission35">Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). {{Google books|9OdAAAAAYAAJ|''Korea's Appeal,'' p. 35.|page=35}}; excerpt, "Alleged Treaty, dated August 22, 1904."</ref> |
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==Treaty provisions== |
==Treaty provisions== |
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==Recision== |
==Recision== |
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[[Image:Eulsa retraction.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Emperor Gojong of the Korean Empire|Gojong]]'s analysis of the "treaty of 1905" – just one of many efforts to invalidate the consequences of a coercive process.]] |
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This "alleged treaty" was contrived in a coercive process; and Koreans sought to invalidate this consequences by presenting evidence to the international community. For example, |
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* 1905: [[Emperor Gojong of the Korean Empire]] wrote personally to the heads of state in those countries having treaties with Korea; and the Korean government filed formal appeals and sent formal cable notices.<ref>Korean Mission {{Google books|9OdAAAAAYAAJ|''Korea's Appeal,'' p. 44.|page=44}}; excerpt, "The foregoing are in addition to the appeal of the Emperor of Korea, filed in the State Department on November 25, 1905, and his cable notice of the illegality of the claimed protectorate, filed in the State Department on November 26, 1905."</ref> |
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* 1907: In what is sometimes called the "[[Hague Secret Emissary Affair]]," Korean emissaries sought unsuccessfully to seek international assistance at the [[Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907)#Hague Convention of 1907|Hague Convention of 1907]] at [[The Hague]], [[Netherlands]] in 1907.<ref>Eckert, Carter J. '' et al.'' (1990). ''Korea Old and New: A History,'' p. 245.</ref> |
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* 1921: Korean representatives attempted to gain a hearing at the [[Washington Naval Conference]] of 1921.<ref>Korean Mission {{Google books|9OdAAAAAYAAJ|''Korea's Appeal,'' pp. 3-44.|page=3}}</ref> |
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This treaty was confirmed to be "''already [[null and void]]''" by [[Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea]] concluded in 1965. |
This treaty was confirmed to be "''already [[null and void]]''" by [[Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea]] concluded in 1965. |
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<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_on_Basic_Relations_between_Japan_and_the_Republic_of_Korea|title=Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea}} |
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_on_Basic_Relations_between_Japan_and_the_Republic_of_Korea|title=Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*[[Carter J. Eckert|Eckert, Carter J.]], [[Ki-baik Lee]], Young Ick Lew, Michael Robinson, and Edward W. Wagner. (1990). ''Korea Old and New: A History.'' Cambridge: Harvard UniversityPress. 10-ISBN 0962771309/13-ISBN 9780962771309; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/korea-old-and-new-a-history/oclc/23071907 OCLC 23071907] |
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* Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). ''Korea's Appeal to the Conference on Limitation of Armament.'' Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/koreas-appeal-to-the-conference-on-limitation-of-armament/oclc/12923609 OCLC 12923609] |
* Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). ''Korea's Appeal to the Conference on Limitation of Armament.'' Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/koreas-appeal-to-the-conference-on-limitation-of-armament/oclc/12923609 OCLC 12923609] |
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* United States. Dept. of State. (1919). ''Catalogue of treaties: 1814-1918.'' Washington: Government Printing Office. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/catalogue-of-treaties-1814-1918/oclc/3830508 OCLC 3830508] |
* United States. Dept. of State. (1919). ''Catalogue of treaties: 1814-1918.'' Washington: Government Printing Office. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/catalogue-of-treaties-1814-1918/oclc/3830508 OCLC 3830508] |
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Revision as of 16:47, 9 November 2010
| Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904 | |
| Hangul | 제1차 한일협약 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 第一次韓日協約 |
The Japan-Korea Protocol of August 1904 was made between representatives of the Empire of Japan and the Korean Empire in 1904.[1] Negotiations were concluded on August 22, 1904.[2]
Treaty provisions
This treaty required Korea to engage financial and diplomatic advisers designated by Japan.[2]
Also, the treaty required Korea to consult with Japan before making treaties with foreign powers, and before granting concessions or making contracts with foreigners.[2]
Recision
This "alleged treaty" was contrived in a coercive process; and Koreans sought to invalidate this consequences by presenting evidence to the international community. For example,
- 1905: Emperor Gojong of the Korean Empire wrote personally to the heads of state in those countries having treaties with Korea; and the Korean government filed formal appeals and sent formal cable notices.[3]
- 1907: In what is sometimes called the "Hague Secret Emissary Affair," Korean emissaries sought unsuccessfully to seek international assistance at the Hague Convention of 1907 at The Hague, Netherlands in 1907.[4]
- 1921: Korean representatives attempted to gain a hearing at the Washington Naval Conference of 1921.[5]
This treaty was confirmed to be "already null and void" by Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea concluded in 1965. [6]
See also
References
- ^ Scott, James Brown. (1921). Korea, Treaties and Agreements, p. vii.
- ^ a b c Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). Korea's Appeal, p. 35., p. 35, at Google Books; excerpt, "Alleged Treaty, dated August 22, 1904."
- ^ Korean Mission Korea's Appeal, p. 44., p. 44, at Google Books; excerpt, "The foregoing are in addition to the appeal of the Emperor of Korea, filed in the State Department on November 25, 1905, and his cable notice of the illegality of the claimed protectorate, filed in the State Department on November 26, 1905."
- ^ Eckert, Carter J. et al. (1990). Korea Old and New: A History, p. 245.
- ^ Korean Mission Korea's Appeal, pp. 3-44., p. 3, at Google Books
- ^ "Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea". "It is confirmed that all treaties or agreements concluded between the Empire of Japan and the Empire of Korea on or before August 22, 1910 are already null and void."
References
- Eckert, Carter J., Ki-baik Lee, Young Ick Lew, Michael Robinson, and Edward W. Wagner. (1990). Korea Old and New: A History. Cambridge: Harvard UniversityPress. 10-ISBN 0962771309/13-ISBN 9780962771309; OCLC 23071907
- Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). Korea's Appeal to the Conference on Limitation of Armament. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. OCLC 12923609
- United States. Dept. of State. (1919). Catalogue of treaties: 1814-1918. Washington: Government Printing Office. OCLC 3830508
- Scott, James Brown. (1921). Korea, Treaties and Agreements. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. OCLC 459192091
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