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By 22.12 0n the 17th the worst was declared to have passed by officials, but that future flooding was inevitable as the storms continued to pass over the UK. The UK’s Met office predicted dry weather by the Wednesday. <ref name="Cornwall 15">{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11782076|title= uk-11782076; |publisher= www.bbc.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2010-11-18}}</ref>Head of Flood Planning and Reporting at the Environment Agency, [[Phil Rothwell (UK flood exspert)|Phil Rothwell]], informed the BBC that it was typical of events relating to poor drainage and the onset of climate change.<ref name="Cornwall 15"/>
By 22.12 0n the 17th the worst was declared to have passed by officials, but that future flooding was inevitable as the storms continued to pass over the UK. The UK’s Met office predicted dry weather by the Wednesday. <ref name="Cornwall 15">{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11782076|title= uk-11782076; |publisher= www.bbc.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2010-11-18}}</ref>Head of Flood Planning and Reporting at the Environment Agency, [[Phil Rothwell (UK flood exspert)|Phil Rothwell]], informed the BBC that it was typical of events relating to poor drainage and the onset of climate change.<ref name="Cornwall 15"/>


A heavy downpour and thunderstorm hit central and southern Ireland from between 21.00 and 23.00. The storms had also largely left the UK by 20.00 except for a strong patch over south central Scotland and [[Perthshire]]. <ref name="Uk weather radar" />, but a new band of weaker storms hit Western Ireland, Northern Ireland, the Western Isles, Wales, Cornwall and Normandy at 0.00 on the 18th and gradually moved in to western England , western Scotland, and eastern Ireland whilst moving out of western Ireland<ref name="Uk weather radar" />. A heavy band of rain hit southern Belgium and the [[Pas-de-Calais]] in France between 02.00 and 04.30.<ref name="Uk weather radar" />. It then hit both the [[Nord (French department)|Nord]], [[Somme]] and [[Cherbourg]] at 06.00 and a downpour hit [[Cherburg]] between 08.00 and 09.30<ref name="Uk weather radar" />.
A heavy downpour and thunderstorm hit central and southern Ireland from between 21.00 and 23.00. The storms had also largely left the UK by 20.00 except for a strong patch over south central Scotland and [[Perthshire]]. <ref name="Uk weather radar" />, but a new band of weaker storms hit Western Ireland, Northern Ireland, the Western Isles, Wales, Cornwall and Normandy at 0.00 on the 18th and gradually moved in to western England , western Scotland, Aberdeenshire, Pirthshire and eastern Ireland whilst moving out of western Ireland<ref name="Uk weather radar" />. A heavy band of rain hit southern Belgium and the [[Pas-de-Calais]] in France between 02.00 and 04.30.<ref name="Uk weather radar" />. It then hit both the [[Nord (French department)|Nord]], [[Somme]] and [[Cherbourg]] at 06.00 and a downpour hit [[Cherbourg]] between 08.00 and 09.30<ref name="Uk weather radar" />.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 10:05, 18 November 2010

Overview

The 2010 European windstorms were heavy windstorms that hit the UK, Ireland, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Denmark between November 6th and 18th.

AXA insurance bonds

The insurance giant AXA Global P&C sponsored a 3 year long €275,000,000/$382,800,000 catastrophe bond from November 2nd, 2010, to cover European windstorm risks in the light event such as Windstorm Emma earlier that decade. The nations covered by the bond scheme are-Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom [1]

The event

It shows the victim nations of the November 2010 European windstorms and floods.

November 6th-7th

A complex of heavy rain and thunder storms hit the British Isles with patchy rain falling in western most Ireland, Argyle and Oxfordshire since the morning of the 7th and most of Ireland on the 6th.[2] Heavy rain began falling in western most Ireland, Cornwall and Oxfordshire over the evening of the 7th.[2] and winds began to pick up in Banburyshire, Birmingham and Oxfordshire.

November 8th-10th

It got more intense as time passed and a heavy band of rain hit Western Ireland on the morning of the 8th[2] and then hit Wales and Wessex between 04.00 and 07.00UTC. By 09.00 UTC, the rain had reached most England, Wales and western Scotland.[2] Some rain was everyway except in Dorset, Somerset, eastern Ireland, Orkneys, Shetlands, Northern Ireland, Highland Region and Norfolk [2] and minor flooding was reported in Oxfordshire over Radio Oxford. The Channel Islands and Normandy's Cotinine Peninsular were also hit.[2] The heaviest rain fall between 03.30 and 09.00 was generally over patches of south west Ireland, Pembrokeshire, Bristol, Dumfriesshire Morecombe Bay, Carlisle, central Lancashire, Sussex, Surrey, Parts of the English Channel and Cherbourg.[2]

The storm formed a coulomb of heavy rain and wind, which was slowly drifting east ward and roughly fitted between these towns- Aberdeen, Stornaway, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Carlisle, Durham, York, Lincoln, Hull, Brighton, Bristol, Gloucester, Shrewsbury, Peterborough, Southampton and Bristol at 07.30, with the bottom moving to between Southampton and Guilford by 09.00, Dartford and Southampton by 09.30UTC, Watford and Dover by 10.00. and Dartford and Dover by 10.30.[2]

It had been raining heavily in both Aberdeenshire, Aberdeen, Stornaway, Perthshire, Glasgow, Edingborough, Carlisle, Lancashire, Bristol, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and parts of south western Ireland and along the coastline of County Antrim continusly between 03.00 and 10.30 on the 8th.[2] The storms left Stornaway as they virtually drifted out of the Hebrides at 10.30 and Aberdeen by 11.00.[2]

The over night werther had caused nuch chaos in the UK.[3] The periodic Gale-force northerly winds had hit most the UK at some time during the night. The worst affected areas of the UK were in the north-west and south-east tip of England.[3]

By 09.00 UTC, The Met Office issued a weather warning saying it had calculated that up to 30mm of rain was forecast on lower ground and drifting snow is expected in the hills with winds of up to 60 mph in Cumbria and up to 70mm of rain is forecast for Kent, and East and West Sussex over the next two days. Thunderstorms and up to 70mm were also predicted to occer in parts of Lancashire and Greater Manchester. The RAC, AA and Police warned that some of the roads in Lancashire were flooded, particularly in the towns of Bolton, Chorley and Blackburn.[3]

Similar weather hit Scotland, causing some ferries journeys to be disrupted.[3]

Police inposed speed restrictions on many bridges and fallen trees and a landslip both caused problems on the A82 near Drumnadrochit. There was also some snow on present on the higher roads such as the A9 at Drumochter in the Scottish Highlands and on the M74 north of Moffat in Dumfries and Galloway. Police closed the A93 Glenshee to Braemar road for the foresable future due to drifting snow and high winds. Snow also fell at Lecht ski resort in Aberdeenshire and falling heavily in the car park (which has an altitude of 2,000 ft) at the Cairngorm mountain ski resort near Aviemore.[3]

In Northern Ireland, police told motorists extreme caution after reports of ice, flooding, debris and fallen trees on the roads after overnight storms.[3]

Mr Byron Chalcraft, a top weather forecaster at the UK's Met Office, said the next couple of weeks would be characterised the deep area of low pressure, strong to gale-force winds and heavy rain, that woud move south-eastwards and ending up over the English Channel, before hitting France, Belgum and the Netherlands and.[3] He predicted high temperatures were of only 6 °C (43 °F), with substancially lower bottom tempriturse, esoecaly in Soctland and Northern Ireland. More Thunder and lightning was also forecast in western Scotland.[3]

The rain began to lessen over Cherbourg at 16.00.[2] That eavning a 28-year-old Kite-surfer from Toulouse ignored safety warnings and died as the gale in the Saint Jean de Luz resort, near Biarritz in south west France dragged him 100mph across beach and slammed him down from 50ft on to the beach in question, after hitting the Grand Hotel and a local pier on route. Adrien Monnoyeur died in hospital due to the violent nature of the impact.[4].[5].

The storms had winds of up to 65 mph (105 km/h). A weather warning was been issued for parts of south-east and south-west England, due to up to 70mm (2.75 in) of predited rain and blustery weather expected to fall in the regons overnight. More than 20mm (0.8 in) had fallen in parts of South Wales.[6]

The Nordlink ferry M.V. Hjaltland was due to dock in Aberdeen, but was diverted to Rosyth[6] as Aberdeen harbour was closed for 18 hours due to bad weather[2] over the 8th and 9th.[7]

There was snow on the geographicly higher roads such as the A9 at Drumochter in the Scottish Highlands and on the M74 north of Moffat in Dumfries and Galloway, with heavy rain had replaced earlier snow in Aberdeen, Braemar and Dumfries and Galloway. Snow fell continusly at the Cairngorm Mountain resort and the A93 Glenshee to Braemar road was closed because of drifting snow and high winds as blizards are reoprted around Dumfreese.[6]

Fourteen flood warnings are in place for Wales, the English Midlands and North East England, along with a severe weather is in place for parts of south Wales. The Met Office warned of showers and thunderstorms are expected in Kent and Sussex from the English Channel that evening.[6] U.K. Police warned motorists to take extra care in the flooded and floor ricsk areas.[6]

The police in Northern Ireland, motorists were advised to drive with extreme caution due to ice, wind, wind damage and flooding throughout the province.[6]

By mid day the Met office issued a severe weather alert for the whole UK as Britain battered by 70 mph winds, with snow in the North of England and up to 3 inches of rain across the East Midlands, South and South East. Britain was also hit by strong winds, with gusts of 65 mph at Berry Head in Devon and 60 mph in Dundrennan, Dumfries and Galloway. High winds and waves battered Whitley Bay in North Tyneside and gale-force winds hip parts of London, Penbrokshire and the Pennie moutains.[8][8][8][9][9][9]

Warnings of gale force winds reaching 70 mph and heavy rain were also given in Wales. The morning's Snow fell on the high ground from the English Midlands to Scotland with a region from the English North Midlands towards Scotland, with the Scottish Highlands particularly affected. Most of Britain had been placed on flood alert. A total of 4 flood warnings and 37 flood watches in place across UK, mostly north of the there Mersey and Humber or in Cornwall. A severe warning of heavy rain was also issued in south west England (Wessex). Both gale-force winds, heavy rain and snow disrupted both road, train and ferry services across the UK and Ireland.[8][8][9][10]

High winds and waves batted Whitley Bay in North Tyneside. Motorists were rescued by police as 6 cars were briefley trapped in 5 inches deep of Cumbria snow. Derbyshire's Snake Pass also experienced a couple of inches of snow. walking and horse riding was the only means of travel in Weardale in the north Pennines and parts of Sheffield.[8][8][9][9][11] following 6 cars getting stuck in the snow and then another car skidding in to a ditch,[12] the Lake District's highest road, the Kirkstone Pass, was closed between 8am and 1pm while Cumbria council's road gritters cleaerd the roads and the police helped free any trapped vehicles.when the road re-open, polive advised motorists not to use it due to the trecherus weather conditions there. PC Paul Burke of Ambleside Police comented that it was the beging of the local winter 'snowy season' an moterists had to take care.[8][9]

Hundreds of commuters struggled past the Houses of Parliament in a cloudy London, with their umbrellas up, as both strong winds and rain were also falling on in Greater London. St Paul's Cathedral was also shrouded in early-morning mist, before the rain came.[8][8][9][9] Heavy winds and storms batter the coast at Brighton.[13]

Some people braved the snow the snow near Glenshee, Scotland, were A93 near Glenshee in the Highlands, where some roads were closed. Motorists on the M74 near Beattock were advised by the police to drive with caution due to heavy snow in the area.[8][8][9][9][11]

The strong winds in Pembrokeshire brought down a tree overnight and other powerful winds shook Oxfordshire, Northern Ierland and parts the Irish republic.[8][9]

The Storm complex had vertuly left both Ireland, Wales and Wessex, and had all but broken up as a whole by 20.00, but had intensifyed over Northern Ireland and Ayrshire at 21.00. It remained in several scattered, but heavy bands across the British Isles, with only County Antrim, Perthshire, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Durhamshire, Cumbria, Lancashire, Norfolk, Berkshire, southern Hampshire, Surrey and Sussex being badly effected from 21.00 on the 8th to 03.30 on the 9th.[6]

Forecasters also warned that overnight temperatures could drop to between +6C to -2C in places and that up to 35mm of rain could fall across the north west and in Cumbria with snow at high level.[13]

By 03.50 on the 9th, both MeteoGroup's weather forecaster, Brendan Jones, and the UK's Met Office said the weather would be dry, cold and windy in Hampshire. sadly It was predicted that return to with showers and gale force winds expected on the 13th and 14th.[14][15] 9 flood warnings were issued by the British Environment Agency across the UK. 6 were in the north east and 3 were in the southern region, with 33 areas around the country were put on flood watch.[14][15] Acsess to Emergency shelter was earlier given in a nearby community centre, to those hit by flooding (including a new born baby) in a many as 50 in Emsworth in Hampshire. Residents of the 200-metre stretch of Bridge Road in Emsworth evacuated by police boat and Hampshire Fire and Rescue Service’s water support servaces. 10 building were also flooded in the Isle of Wight, the Environment Agency said.[14][15]

A heavy thunderstorm drove it's way across across most of Sussex, western Surrey, Hampshire and Wiltshire from 06.00 to 10.30, but they had mostly disopeated exsept over Dorset, the Channel Islands and Normandy in France by 14.00UTC on the 9th.[2] As snow fall occered across most of the higher ground stretching from the English Midlands, continuing up the north Midlands towards Scotland, with the Scottish Highlands and Dumfreese and Galloway being worst hit.[7]

Both train and ferry services were also noticeably affected as storm force winds lashed the country<.[7] and by 12.00 on the 9th The Highways Agency said flooding had closed one lane of the eastbound A27 road near Chichester in West Sussex, with deays being reported between the A286 and the A259 junctions on the A27[7] and the Met Office has issued severe weather warnings for East and West Sussex, Hampshire, the Isle of Wight and parts of Dorset.[7] Thankfully all was calm again by 21.00 on the 9th as the storm weakened over the Netherlands and Belgium.[2]

The weather was the result of a deep low pressure zone , which will moving east across out of the British Isles and towards northern France and Belgium and weakening over those nations through out the day[2][7]

November 9th-12th

A new band of heavy rain moved eastward over the U.K. with heavy rain hitting western Ireland between and Northern Ireland 21.00 and 23.00 on the 10th.[2]

The 2nd storm complex rain tore across the U.K. and Ireland between 03.30 and 10.00 on the 11th,[2] with thunder storms and torential rain being reported near Bristol, parts of central Ireland and from cental Scotland to the English North Midlands.[2] It had reached Belgium and left both Ireland, Wessex and Wales by 10.00.[2]

Both the heavy wind and patchy rain started falling yet again in Oxford and Banbury, both had exsperenced 5 days of it so far. Widespread rainfall rain storms and sometimes heay or thundery ones hit Ireland, Northern Ierland, central Scotland, Wessex, Southern England and Normandy between 13.00 and 16.00.[2]

A woman died in Pinderfield's Hospital, after being impaled by tree branch as winds up to 90 mph hit Pontefract at 20.30 on the 11th, West Yorkshire Police said the woman. A man who was driving the car was also hurt in the incident at about 8.30pm last night.[16][17] A number of homes in the area were evacuated overnight and the A642 Wakefield to Rothwell road closed until afternoon due to the winds, Three fire crews at work, fallen tree branches and the wreckage.[16][17] Aircraft had to be diverted from Leeds-Bradford airport where as gusts reached 100 mph. One plane from Dublin had to switch to Liverpool after making three unsuccessful attempts to land at Leeds-Bradford last night, with several other domestic flights being forced to fly on to Manchester. Both flight and ferry crossings to the Isle of Man were also cancelled.[16][17] A wind speed of 100 mph was recorded on Great Dun Fell in the Pennines. In January 1968, winds hit 134 mph at the same site. The heaviest rain fell in Shap, Cumbria, where 29mm fell in 12 hours and both Lancashire and Yorkshire saw rainfall of 7-10mm in the same period.[16][17]

The worst hit places were in Isle of Wight, Anglesey and Northern Ireland, north-west England, Yorkshire and the Humber[16][17].. The roads surrounding Blackpool Tower, including part of The Promenade, were closed due to damage to the tower’s structure. The Dartford-Thurrock river crossing at the QEII Bridge, was rnoon for safety reasons and a Northamptonshire a bungalow a tree fall on to it and 100 homes, mostly in Ryde, Isle of Wight.[16][17] A paving slab hit a fairground ride in Bridlington, causing £30,000 worth of damage.[18][19]

Approximately 5,000 people were left without electricity in Northern Ireland[16]. Light snow fall was also reported in places to[17].

This later gave way at 16.30 as it nearly all migrated in to costal Normandy, central Ireland, Northern Ireland, Northern England, Scotland and Powys, leading to some heavy outbursts in all of the effected places, exspt for Normandy in France.[2] The locations worst hit between 16.30 and 20.00 were around western central Scotland, Perthshire, Greater Manchester, Cumbria, Derry and Sligo in Ireland.[2] The storms pulled back to Scotland, Northern England, parts of the West Midlands, Northern Ireland and off the cost of the former Grampian region after 22.00, with a further build up 3rd band of bad waelth off the southern coast of Ierland and the north coast of Cornwall after 01.00 om the 12th.[2]

The storms continued over Cumbria, North-East England, Northern Ierland and most of Scotland beween 04.00 and 06.00 on the 12th. Tyne and Wear was the worst affected by the down pours at this time.[2] The 3rd weather band drifed up from of the coast of Brittany, Cherbourg and hit south west Ireland, Cornwall and the Normandy's Cotinian Peninsular at 07.00 and the began to drive slowly in land by 10.00 UTC. as this happened the Scottish storms dissipated outside of the former Strathclyde region.[2]

On the morning of the 12th gusts of 62 mph hit the coast of North West England . The MeteoGroup, Forecaster, Aisling Creevey said that the strong winds would last for a nother 24 hours[16][17].. The wreck strewn Pontefract road was opened later that day[16][17]..

It had concetrated mostly around west central Scotland, County Antrim, south west England, south east England, Greater London and south west Wales by 13.00, it had reached France's Pas-de-Calais department by 19.00 [2] and had vertuly despersed by 23.00 outside west central Scotland, the English Channel, Normady, the Pas-de-Calais, Nord, Somme, Cherbourg[2] and Belgium on the 12th. Heavy rain fall hit the Dutch/Belgian border, Manchester, Glasgow and Normandy at this tme.[2] The original low that started it was blowing it's self out of exsistance as a bad rain storm over Denmark and Northern Germany, flooding parts of the town of Nochern.

November 13th-16th

2 people died in southern Belgium, according to DPA and RTBF. A man was washed away in a street and a 72 year old woman was killed in her car in. Both fatalities occurred during the night of the 13th, in the community of Solre-Saint-Gery, near the French border.[20][21] By the afternoon another on r body was found in nearby Lessines, where another person was reported to the Belgian authoaties as missing.[22]

Firelighters worked desperately to patch up defences and road travel was disrupted.[21] Rail traffic was seriously disrupted during the morning of the 14th due to heavy flooding, but things soon improved as the local authorities called in both the army and civil protection units to reinforce firefighters who had been working through the night. The Brabant region was at the most risk, but Prime Minister Yves Leterme said there was no need to declare a state of emergency. Emegency teams made extra effort to reinforce dams, dykes, bridges and canal/river banks.[20][23]

By mid-day floods hit Geraardsbergen in Belgium on November 14th for the second day running. Belgium’s weather experts and state authoaties described the flooding as the worst in 50 years. The national weather service said Belgium had as much rainfall in 2 days as it normally gets in a month.[23] Belgium was badly fooded and Leige cut off on the 14th. People battled the flood waters after heavy rainfall continued in to mid-day in the village of Maarkedal in the Oudenaarde region.[20] Rainfall has been servear across Belgium.[24] The flood defences[25] are failing in places.[20]

Floods and heavy rainfall began to occurred in the Netherlands on the 14th, leading to extra vigilance from dyke maintenance officials.[26]

Heavy rains flooded out the centre of the sea side town of Granville in northern France after 2 inches of rain fell on the region within 24 hours according to, Radio France Internationale.[22]

Since the 7th 1 person died and 1 was reported missing in the north and east of France .[22]

The cloudburst continued to fall across Belgium and caused floods and mudslides on the 15th. A 3rd person was swept away by the floods as she tried to cross a bridge.[27] Army rescue teams helped with emergency evacuations, including a hospital as many of Belgian’s roads were blocked or flooded.[27] Several Belgian regions put disaster emergency plans into operation as a canal has burst its banks in several places near Brussels leading to more than 200 houses being evacuated and a pharmaceutical factory closed down due to localised flooding.[27]

Although the weather situation was easing, large parts of Belgium. The floods were extensive in both the Flanders town of Sint Pieters-Leeuw near Brussels, in which 200 people were evacuated due to flooding by the mid-day of the 15th . The floodwaters are predicted to peek some time on the 16th.[28]

A staggering 80 litres per square metre was recorded in in a few locations, making it the worst Belgian flooding in 50 years.[28]

Despite of the 3 deaths and heavy material losses involved, the Belgian government refused to take any responsibility for the state’s lack of preparedness on the issue of flooding.[28]

The river Maas had it’s water level peak causing localised flooding in the Dutch town of Limburg and threatening the nearby town of Roermond after a several days heavy rain fall. Several roads and cellars were flooded even in in the hilly regions of Limburg and the as fire brigade tried to pump out flooded properties and leaf clogged drains.[26] Localised flooding has also occurred the east of Noord Brabant province as the local water board has deliberately flooded fields the size of 50 football pitches to stop the river rupturing it’s crumbling embankments.[26] In the north Limburg town of Baarlo east at the meeting of 3 minor river that unite and run through the town. They have swollen from 2 to 50 meters at their near by junction and through the town.[26]

November 17th-

By 01.00 on the 17th a new band of rain had hit Northern Ireland and Ireland, but had largely moved on to western England, Wales and western Scotland by 06.00.[2] It also hit Devon and Cornwall at 04.00 and move further in land by 05.00.[2] Heavy rainfall began in Oxfordshire at about 10.00 as the rain belt entered the West Midlands between 08.00 and 10.00.[2] Thunder storms and downpours hit many parts of the UK and Ierland as the storm passed over them.[2]

By mid day on the 17th, David Cameron had pledged to send aid to Cornwall, as Heavy rains and gale force winds brought misery to St Austell, Lostwithiel, St Blazey, Bodmin, Par, Mevagissey (in which 100 properties were flooded iIn Mevagissey.[29]) and Luxulyan. Both police [1] and Ben Johnston, flood risk manager for the Environment Agency declared the flooding a "major incident"[2] with many of residents evacuated [3]. Schools were closed, the transport network was hugely disrupted and all train services stopped by a landslide at Lostwithiel [4] [5]. With both St Blazey, St Austell and Lostwithiel being the worst hit [6]. Desperate workmen tried all day to clear a drain in closed off the village of St Blazey outside Jet garage, in Cornwall.[29].

The Avant-garde Eden Project Eco-attraction, near St Austell, also closed until Saturday due to heavy damage, the owners said [7] and the River Ex, River Tamar and River Ax were rising to their danger levels [8].

The Cornish rains had begun to ease by miday, but the Devonian rains had begun to strengthen. At Prime Minister's question time David Cameron said Cornwall had suffered a "very difficult night".[29].

By 22.12 0n the 17th the worst was declared to have passed by officials, but that future flooding was inevitable as the storms continued to pass over the UK. The UK’s Met office predicted dry weather by the Wednesday. [30]Head of Flood Planning and Reporting at the Environment Agency, Phil Rothwell, informed the BBC that it was typical of events relating to poor drainage and the onset of climate change.[30]

A heavy downpour and thunderstorm hit central and southern Ireland from between 21.00 and 23.00. The storms had also largely left the UK by 20.00 except for a strong patch over south central Scotland and Perthshire. [2], but a new band of weaker storms hit Western Ireland, Northern Ireland, the Western Isles, Wales, Cornwall and Normandy at 0.00 on the 18th and gradually moved in to western England , western Scotland, Aberdeenshire, Pirthshire and eastern Ireland whilst moving out of western Ireland[2]. A heavy band of rain hit southern Belgium and the Pas-de-Calais in France between 02.00 and 04.30.[2]. It then hit both the Nord, Somme and Cherbourg at 06.00 and a downpour hit Cherbourg between 08.00 and 09.30[2].

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  28. ^ a b c "three-die-in-belgium-floods;". www.euronews.net. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  29. ^ a b c "ALeqM5j8MFvRn-meRtGhIBDSdNIE1Vu6MQ?docId=N0114561289984764557A". www. ukpress. Retrieved 2010-11-18.
  30. ^ a b "uk-11782076;". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-11-18.

See also

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