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| Density = 1.52 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="BGIA GESTIS">{{GESTIS|Name=2,4-Dinitrotoluene |ZVG= |CAS=121-14-2 |Datum=9. Oktober 2007}}</ref>
| Density = 1.52 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="BGIA GESTIS">{{GESTIS|Name=2,4-Dinitrotoluene |ZVG= |CAS=121-14-2 |Datum=9. Oktober 2007}}</ref>
| MeltingPt = 70 °C<ref name="BGIA GESTIS"/>
| MeltingPt = 70 °C<ref name="BGIA GESTIS"/>
| BoilingPt = Dekompresija pri 250–300 °C<ref name="BGIA GESTIS"/>
| BoilingPt = Decomposes at 250–300 °C<ref name="BGIA GESTIS"/>
| Solubility = }}
| Solubility = }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards

Revision as of 23:51, 20 December 2010

2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Names
IUPAC name
1-methyl-2,4-dinitro benzene
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.004.046 Edit this at Wikidata
UN number raztopljen: 1600
tekoč ali trden: 2038
  • InChI=1S/C7H6N2O4/c1-5-2-3-6(8(10)11)4-7(5)9(12)13/h2-4H,1H3 checkY
    Key: RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C7H6N2O4/c1-5-2-3-6(8(10)11)4-7(5)9(12)13/h2-4H,1H3
    Key: RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYAC
  • Cc1ccc(cc1[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]
Properties
C7H6N2O4
Molar mass 182.134 g/mol
Appearance Pale yellow to orange crystalline solid
Density 1.52 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 70 °C[1]
Boiling point Decomposes at 250–300 °C[1]
Explosive data
Shock sensitivity Insensitive
Friction sensitivity Very low
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) or Dinitro is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(CH3)(NO2)2. This pale yellow crystalline solid is well known as a precursor to trinitrotoluene (TNT) but is mainly used in the polymer industry.

Isomers of dinitrotoluene

Six isomers are possible for dinitrotoluene. The most common one is 2,4-dinitrotoluene.

The nitration of toluene gives sequentially mononitrotoluene, DNT, and finally TNT. 2,4-DNT is the principal product from dinitration, the other main product being about 30% 2,6-DNT. The nitration of 4-nitrotoluene gives 2,4-DNT.[2]

Applications

Most DNT is used in the production of toluene diisocyanate which is used to produce flexible polyurethane foams. DNT is hydrogenated to produce toluenediamine, which in turn is phosgenated to form toluene diisocyanate. Other uses include the explosives industry. It is not used by itself as an explosive, but some of the production is converted to TNT.

Dinitrotoluene is frequently used as a plasticizer, deterrent coating, and burn rate modifier in propellants (e.g. smokeless gunpowders). As it is carcinogenic and toxic, modern formulations tend to avoid its use. In this application it is often used together with dibutyl phthalate.[citation needed]

Toxicity

Dinitrotoluenes are highly toxic with a TLV of 1.5 mg/m3. It converts hemoglobin into methemoglobin.

References

  1. ^ a b c {{GESTIS}}: |ZVG= missing in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Error in template * invalid parameter (Template:GESTIS): "ZVG" Error in template * unknown parameter name (Template:GESTIS): "Datum"
  2. ^ Gerald Booth (2007). "Nitro Compounds, Aromatic". In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons: New York. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_411
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