Buffalo treehopper: Difference between revisions
m →Appearance: repair disambig pages with links and other minor tasks, replaced: thorn → thorn using AWB |
|||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
==Appearance== |
==Appearance== |
||
Buffalo treehoppers are a bright green color and have a somewhat triangular shape that helps [[camouflage]] them so as to resemble [[thorn]]s or a [[twig]]gy protuberance.<ref name="TAMU"/><ref name="Penn State CoAS">{{cite web|url= http://tfpg.cas.psu.edu/279.htm|title= Buffalo Treehopper|accessdate= 2008-07-16|date= 2008-06-05|work= Pennsylvania Tree Fruit Production Guide|publisher= [[Pennsylvania State University]], College of Agricultural Sciences}}</ref><ref name="Ecology of BT">{{cite web|url= http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/buffalo_treehopper.htm|title= Buffalo Treehopper: Stictocephala bisonia|first=Mark|last=Moran|date= 2004-04-05|work= Study of Northern Virginia Ecology|publisher= [[Fairfax County Public Schools]]| accessdate =2008-07-14}}</ref> It gets its name from the vague resemblance of its profile to that of an [[American bison]].<ref name="Penn State CoAS"/> They grow to 6 to 8 millimeters (0.24 to 0.31 in) long and have transparent wings.<ref name="Penn State CoAS"/><ref name="Ecology of BT"/> |
Buffalo treehoppers are a bright green color and have a somewhat triangular shape that helps [[camouflage]] them so as to resemble [[Thorns, spines, and prickles|thorn]]s or a [[twig]]gy protuberance.<ref name="TAMU"/><ref name="Penn State CoAS">{{cite web|url= http://tfpg.cas.psu.edu/279.htm|title= Buffalo Treehopper|accessdate= 2008-07-16|date= 2008-06-05|work= Pennsylvania Tree Fruit Production Guide|publisher= [[Pennsylvania State University]], College of Agricultural Sciences}}</ref><ref name="Ecology of BT">{{cite web|url= http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/buffalo_treehopper.htm|title= Buffalo Treehopper: Stictocephala bisonia|first=Mark|last=Moran|date= 2004-04-05|work= Study of Northern Virginia Ecology|publisher= [[Fairfax County Public Schools]]| accessdate =2008-07-14}}</ref> It gets its name from the vague resemblance of its profile to that of an [[American bison]].<ref name="Penn State CoAS"/> They grow to 6 to 8 millimeters (0.24 to 0.31 in) long and have transparent wings.<ref name="Penn State CoAS"/><ref name="Ecology of BT"/> |
||
==Life cycle== |
==Life cycle== |
||
Revision as of 18:24, 1 January 2011
| Stictocephala bisonia[1] | |
|---|---|
| |
| Stictocephala bisonia | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Suborder: | |
| Family: | |
| Subfamily: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | S. bisonia
|
| Binomial name | |
| Stictocephala bisonia | |
The buffalo treehopper (Stictocephala bisonia) is a species of treehopper native to North America. It is also sometimes classified as Ceresa bisonia.[2]
Appearance
Buffalo treehoppers are a bright green color and have a somewhat triangular shape that helps camouflage them so as to resemble thorns or a twiggy protuberance.[1][3][4] It gets its name from the vague resemblance of its profile to that of an American bison.[3] They grow to 6 to 8 millimeters (0.24 to 0.31 in) long and have transparent wings.[3][4]
Life cycle
S. bisonia mates during the summer months.[4] Males attract females with a song that, unlike similar songs used by cicada and crickets, are outside the sonic range audible to humans.[4] Females lay eggs from July to October using a blade-like ovipositor.[3][4] Up to a dozen eggs are laid in each slit made by the female.[3][4]
Nymphs emerge from the eggs the following May or June.[3][4] The nymphs, which resemble wingless adults, but have a more spiny appearance, descend from the trees where they hatched to feed on grasses, weeds, and other nonwoody plants.[3][4]
They molt several times in the following month and a half until they have reached adulthood.[4] Then they return to the trees to continue their life cycle.[4]
Feeding
Both adult and immature buffalo treehoppers feed upon sap using specialized mouthparts suited for this purpose.[4] Black locust, clover, elm, goldenrod, and willow are among their favorite food sources.[4] It is also an occasional pest of fruit trees and is harmful to young orchard trees, especially apple trees.[4] It has become an invasive species in some parts of Europe.[2]
References
- ^ a b c d Jackman, John A. (2001-08-10). "Buffalo Treehopper". Texas Cooperative Extension. Texas A&M Entomology Department. Retrieved 2008-07-16.
{{cite web}}: More than one of|author=and|last=specified (help) - ^ a b "buffalo treehopper", Encyclopædia Britannica (Online ed.), Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2008, retrieved 2008-07-14
- ^ a b c d e f g "Buffalo Treehopper". Pennsylvania Tree Fruit Production Guide. Pennsylvania State University, College of Agricultural Sciences. 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2008-07-16.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Moran, Mark (2004-04-05). "Buffalo Treehopper: Stictocephala bisonia". Study of Northern Virginia Ecology. Fairfax County Public Schools. Retrieved 2008-07-14.
External links
