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no, the cite is wrong. In 'The Robotic Manipulation' and 'Big Bran' he claims to Penny to have a masters degree and two PhDs. That is different to the later Love Car displacement episode. What MA?
typo - it's Bran. In this episode (s2 ep1) Sheldon also claims a masters and two PhDs - with Robotic Manipulation, that's two episodes disagreeing with that long postnominal list
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== Personality ==
== Personality ==
Aside from his idiosyncrasies, Sheldon is purely logical. He possesses an [[eidetic memory]]<ref>{{Cite episode|title=The Pancake Batter Anomaly|episodelink=List of The Big Bang Theory episodes (season 1)#ep11|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|network=[[CBS]]|airdate=March 31, 2008|season=1|number=11|minutes=09:58|quote=Penny, I have an IQ of 187}}</ref> and an IQ of 187, although he claims his IQ cannot be accurately measured by normal means.<ref name="S02E02">{{Cite episode|title=The Codpiece Topology|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|network=[[CBS]]|airdate=September 29, 2008|season=2|number=2}}</ref>. He has claimed to have a Masters Degree and two doctoral degrees<ref name="S04E13">{{cite episode|title=The Robotic Manipulation|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|airdate=September 23, 2010|season=4|number=4}}</ref> Sheldon has an overly extensive general knowledge, such as shown by his comments regarding various details of anecdotal knowledge (for instance, about the introduction of the fork into Thailand).<ref name="S01E02">{{cite episode|title=The Big Brain Hypothesis|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|airdate=October 1, 2007|season=1|number=2}}</ref> Despite his intelligence, Sheldon is usually inept in most social interactions.
Aside from his idiosyncrasies, Sheldon is purely logical. He possesses an [[eidetic memory]]<ref>{{Cite episode|title=The Pancake Batter Anomaly|episodelink=List of The Big Bang Theory episodes (season 1)#ep11|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|network=[[CBS]]|airdate=March 31, 2008|season=1|number=11|minutes=09:58|quote=Penny, I have an IQ of 187}}</ref> and an IQ of 187, although he claims his IQ cannot be accurately measured by normal means.<ref name="S02E02">{{Cite episode|title=The Codpiece Topology|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|network=[[CBS]]|airdate=September 29, 2008|season=2|number=2}}</ref>. He has claimed to have a Masters Degree and two doctoral degrees<ref name="S04E13">{{cite episode|title=The Robotic Manipulation|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|airdate=September 23, 2010|season=4|number=4}}</ref> Sheldon has an overly extensive general knowledge, such as shown by his comments regarding various details of anecdotal knowledge (for instance, about the introduction of the fork into Thailand).<ref name="S01E02">{{cite episode|title=The Big Bran Hypothesis|series=The Big Bang Theory|serieslink=The Big Bang Theory|airdate=October 1, 2007|season=1|number=2}}</ref> Despite his intelligence, Sheldon is usually inept in most social interactions.


Sheldon's finances seem to be mixed as he remarks once he'd prefer to live alone but cannot afford the rent, however he is also shown to have loads of money lying around the house which he claims is money he doesn't need because the things he wants haven't been invented yet (Season 2 Episode 14: The Financial Permeability). He is happy to lend it out and Leonard remarks it's one of the few positives to his eccentric behavior. He wants more funding at work and doesn't understand why his colleagues aren't let go so more money can be given to him. This does not stop him spending the money on personal conveniences for his own office but he refuses to spend money on a desk for Raj.
Sheldon's finances seem to be mixed as he remarks once he'd prefer to live alone but cannot afford the rent, however he is also shown to have loads of money lying around the house which he claims is money he doesn't need because the things he wants haven't been invented yet (Season 2 Episode 14: The Financial Permeability). He is happy to lend it out and Leonard remarks it's one of the few positives to his eccentric behavior. He wants more funding at work and doesn't understand why his colleagues aren't let go so more money can be given to him. This does not stop him spending the money on personal conveniences for his own office but he refuses to spend money on a desk for Raj.

Revision as of 12:36, 31 January 2011

Sheldon Lee Cooper
File:Sheldon Cooper.jpg
Jim Parsons as Dr. Sheldon Cooper
First appearance"Pilot"
Portrayed byJim Parsons
In-universe information
AliasSheldor the Conqueror (Age of Conan)
Smelldor (World of Warcraft)
NicknameShelly (by his family)
Moon Pie (by his grandmother)
TitleDoctor
OccupationTheoretical physicist
FamilyMary Cooper (mother)
George Cooper (father, deceased)
Missy (twin sister)
George Jr. (older brother)
Relatives"Memaw" (grandmother)
Edward "Stumpy" (uncle)
Carl (uncle, deceased)
Unnamed grandfather (deceased)
ReligionRaised Christian, now nonreligious
NationalityAmerican

Sheldon Lee Cooper, B.S., M.S., M.A., Ph.D., Sc.D.,[1] is a fictional character on the CBS television series The Big Bang Theory, portrayed by actor Jim Parsons. Parsons won an Emmy Award in 2010 and a Golden Globe in January 2011 for this role.

A Caltech theoretical physicist, Sheldon is Leonard Hofstadter's (Johnny Galecki) roommate, colleague and best friend. They live across the hallway from Penny (Kaley Cuoco).

Sheldon is distinctive for his overtly intellectual personality: he is calculating and cynical, he exhibits a strict adherence to routine, a lack of understanding of irony, sarcasm and humor, a habit of constantly expressing admiration for his superior intellect (which is often found offensive by the other characters), and a complete lack of humility; these characteristics are the main sources of his character's humor and the center of a number of episodes. He has been described as the show's breakout character.[2][3][4][5] Several reviewers have cited Sheldon as presenting the qualities of Asperger syndrome and obsessive–compulsive disorder.

Personality

Aside from his idiosyncrasies, Sheldon is purely logical. He possesses an eidetic memory[6] and an IQ of 187, although he claims his IQ cannot be accurately measured by normal means.[7]. He has claimed to have a Masters Degree and two doctoral degrees[8] Sheldon has an overly extensive general knowledge, such as shown by his comments regarding various details of anecdotal knowledge (for instance, about the introduction of the fork into Thailand).[9] Despite his intelligence, Sheldon is usually inept in most social interactions.

Sheldon's finances seem to be mixed as he remarks once he'd prefer to live alone but cannot afford the rent, however he is also shown to have loads of money lying around the house which he claims is money he doesn't need because the things he wants haven't been invented yet (Season 2 Episode 14: The Financial Permeability). He is happy to lend it out and Leonard remarks it's one of the few positives to his eccentric behavior. He wants more funding at work and doesn't understand why his colleagues aren't let go so more money can be given to him. This does not stop him spending the money on personal conveniences for his own office but he refuses to spend money on a desk for Raj.

Sheldon's eccentricities, snide remarks, and highly logical and intellectual personality put him at odds with his own friends and especially Penny. He not only fails to understand the simplest sarcastic jokes made by Leonard,[9] but also regards Penny's sadness over one of her breakups with blatant confusion.[10] However, recently, he has begun to understand the concept of sarcasm, attempting unsuccessfully to employ it himself towards Penny in the second season,[11] and successfully employing it towards his friends in the third season. Sheldon occasionally uses slang but essentially fails, and his main catchphrase is "Bazinga!". He is not entirely sure how to hug someone, and avoids human contact whenever possible.

Sheldon also has childlike qualities. For example, even though he doesn't seem to realize it,[12] he must get his way, such as in naming the Caltech Physics Bowl team (Army Ants) or deciding to go to San Francisco by train instead of flying (due to his fascination and love for trains) to a conference where he seeks Nobel laureate George Smoot's approval, and he needs his mother (or Penny) to care for him when he is sick, which involves singing "Soft Kitty" and rubbing Vicks on his chest. He cannot stand to be interrupted, concede when he doesn't know something, keep a secret, or hear people bicker or argue, crinkling his lips with intense frustration when any of these happen.[13][14][15] Sheldon doesn't have a driver's license (although he has attempted to get one), and needs his friends to take him places; he feels someone of his intellect does not need to learn how to drive.[16] Sheldon displays another childish trait during an argument with Penny, when she is given Sheldon's mother's phone number. Sheldon's mother phones him and tells him (implied, as only Sheldon's half of the conversation is heard) to stop arguing with Penny. After the phone call, he immediately apologizes to Penny.[17]

Like his friends, he is scientifically inclined, and is fond of comic books, video games, and general science fiction. He is a fan of Battlestar Galactica, Doctor Who, Stargate, Star Trek, Star Wars, and Firefly, although he strongly dislikes Babylon 5.[18] Sheldon is particularly fond of the Star Trek franchise and is a fan of science officer Spock. Penny once gave Sheldon a napkin used by Leonard Nimoy, the actor who originally played Spock, and this greatly overwhelmed Sheldon as he now possessed the DNA of his famed idol.[19] However, Leonard Nimoy and Stan Lee have both applied for restraining orders against Sheldon.[18][19] He also used to idolize fictional prodigy Wesley Crusher from Star Trek: The Next Generation for qualities of the character he found similar to himself, but Wil Wheaton's surprise cancellation of an appearance at a Jackson, Mississippi Star Trek convention in 1995 caused Sheldon to swear vengeance against Wil in the form of a customizable card game tournament. His hatred was reinforced when Wheaton beat Sheldon in the tournament (Wheaton claimed he canceled the appearance because his grandmother was dying; the tactic worked, causing Sheldon to throw the game out of sympathy, only to find out the story was a ruse),[20] and even further reinforced during a bowling face-off when Wheaton broke up Penny and Leonard to force Penny, apparently the best bowler on Sheldon's team, to leave in tears.[21] Another favorite character of his is Batman.[14][22][23] He likes playing Halo every Wednesday[22][24] and paintball on the weekend with his friends,[22] and does laundry every Saturday night. Unlike Leonard, Sheldon embraces his genius fully and is not ashamed of admitting his particularly eccentric interests (such as Klingon Boggle).[10][17]

Sheldon does not seem to be able to tolerate alcohol, caffeine, or other drugs very well. A small amount of alcohol made him extremely boisterous and he behaved like a stand-up comedian in one episode;[25] and a small amount of coffee made him extremely hyperactive but unproductive in another.[26] Taking valium also affected his behavior.[23]

Sheldon often wears vintage T-shirts adorned with superhero logos specific to the DC universe, among them the Flash, Superman, Aquaman, and the logos of the various Lantern Corps. He usually wears a long sleeve shirt underneath it along with plaid pants. Sheldon is tall and thin (setting him apart from his shorter colleagues), with Penny saying he looks like a giant praying mantis, and Raj likening Star Wars' C-3PO to "a shiny Sheldon".

Sheldon obsesses about his food, and has very specific requirements. Leonard used this to mock him in 'The Einstein Approximation'.

Despite his narcissistic tendencies, Sheldon appears to be somewhat aware of his social ineptitude, particularly his lack of understanding of sarcasm. He mentioned that he keeps a record of his daily conversations after Penny snapped at him and Leonard asked him why, to which he suggested that Leonard check his conversation records "to see if I messed up anywhere."[27] Sheldon is also a difficult person to work with. In the first episode of season three when Sheldon finds out the the others have tampered with his experiment and finds out that it was because he hard to deal with. He also found out that they were considering killing him and have even came with a plan to do so. When Leonard comes up with an idea for a application to solve physics problems Sheldon immediately tries to take control of it. When Leonard makes clear that he is in charge Sheldon continues to annoy the others resulting in him getting fired and when he asks "Why" Leonard tells him "You are impossible to work with". At end of the episode they take him back at the request of Penny, but he is then shown working with Penny on an app for women's shoes, implying that he was fired again.

Background

Throughout the series airing, a number of facts are mentioned about Sheldon's past that illustrate his early life as a highly gifted prodigy.

Born in Galveston, Texas,[28] Sheldon was a child prodigy with an eidetic memory.[20] As a kid, he built a poorly-working CAT scanner that incinerated his sister's guinea pig, Snowball, and sent him to the hospital with radiation burns, which created a strange phrase in his household, "Not a Snowball's chance in a CAT Scanner",[28] a so-called "Sonic Death Ray",[29] and an armed robot constructed using integrated circuits made from materials cooked in his sister's Easy Bake Oven, which he modified.[30]

Sheldon entered the University of Texas in Austin at the age of eleven, right after completing the fifth grade, and left college at the age of fourteen,[31] graduating summa cum laude.[32]

When Sheldon was twelve years old, he wanted a titanium centrifuge to separate radioactive isotopes.[33] According to his mother, he also built a nuclear reactor at thirteen years old in order to provide free electricity for his town; however, this was halted after a government agent informed him that it was illegal to store yellowcake uranium in a shed.[29] At age fourteen, he dabbled in lasers (this eventually got him sent to boarding school),[9] began doctoral work, and was the youngest person at the time to receive the Stevenson Award when he was "14 and a half".[34]

Sheldon worked as a visiting professor at the Heidelberg Institute in Germany at age fifteen,[35] and received his first Ph.D. at sixteen years old,[14] working on twistor theory.[16] He then spent four years on his second dissertation, and at the beginning of the series had held his current job for three-and-a-half years.[29]

Characteristics

Sheldon possesses several qualities commonly associated with someone who has an autism spectrum disorder, such as social ineptitude, a lack of empathy, obsessive–compulsive personality disorder, and many more traits which make him the most eccentric and bizarre of the characters in the show.

Traits displayed include:

  • Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder: Sheldon exhibits a strict adherence to routine, such as doing specific recreational activities on specific days of the week, going to the bathroom on a specific time every morning, eating specific food items on specific days, being unable to reconcile changes to food orders, doing laundry on a specific day and time, or knocking on the door a certain number of times (often 3) while repeating the name of the person he is seeking with a particular frequency. He also needs to sit in his special spot on the couch, becoming unreasonable if someone sits there and he spends time shouting (or making sounds with a xylophone) in every theater before a movie, attempting to locate the "acoustic sweet spot".
  • Narcissistic personality disorder is a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. Sheldon is constantly pointing out his superiority among his friends, especially with his IQ.
  • Mysophobia. He is constantly worried about others touching his food, washes his hands as often as he can, and showers twice daily.[24]
  • Hypochondriasis. He is extremely worried about becoming sick. He became worried about Penny infecting him with influenza and subsequently contracted it.[35] Another time, he wanted a full medical examination by Leonard's girlfriend, Dr. Stephanie Barnett, in order to discover the cause of a high-pitched noise in his head.[36]
  • Inability to lie. When Sheldon is complicit in a lie, he exhausts all of his efforts in his almost always unsuccessful attempt to make it believable.[37] Similarly, he cannot be entrusted with a secret because he develops nervous tics.[23] However, it is easier for him to lie if he has prior knowledge of the deception or an "ironclad alibi" thought out in advance, as opposed to it being "impromptu dishonesty".[38][39]
  • Inability to sit in strange places. He refuses to sit anywhere other than his designated spot on the left cushion of the couch in his apartment, which he considers his "single point of consistency in an ever changing world"[40] and "the singular location in space around which revolves [my] entire universe", exceeding his love for his mother.[41] He regularly reproaches Penny and other people for sitting in his spot. Even disruptions to this location are enough to disturb him. However, he can adapt to seats with sub-optimal conditions, such as suitable cushion densities and light dispersion, provided he has the opportunity to test them.[42]
  • Intolerance of people in his bedroom. One time, he was distraught when Penny entered his room in the middle of the night.[43] On another occasion, Sheldon hesitantly let Penny in his bedroom to get a key for his desk to retrieve a USB flashdrive, constantly reminding her that, far from creating a permanent easement, it was a one-time permission.[44]
  • Stage fright. While perfectly comfortable speaking to small groups, Sheldon cannot speak to crowds deemed large enough to trample him (36 adults or 70 children) without having a panic attack.[32]

He also places "strikes" on someone if that person violates his imposed conditions, and upon giving three to one person, gives them a choice of either apologizing or taking a "class".[17] For many of the characteristics aforementioned, Sheldon's friends often consider him "insane" or "crazy", even though Sheldon stated that his own mother had him tested for insanity in the past.[40][45]

Despite his strange behavior, Sheldon has shown to be a kind person at times. When Penny was low on money, Sheldon let her borrow a large amount of his savings without caring about being paid back promptly, which has been described by Leonard as "one of the few idiosyncrasies that doesn't make you want to, you know, kill him".[27] Also, when Sheldon accidentally forgot his keys and locked himself out of his apartment, Penny let him stay at her place and, despite annoying Penny, Sheldon sincerely thanked her for it.[46] When Penny gave Sheldon a Christmas present, he was extremely anxious because he did not know what it was and therefore did not know how to reciprocate. He purchased multiple gift baskets of bath items (in order to choose one which matched the value of her gift), only to find that she got him a napkin autographed by Leonard Nimoy (which he had also wiped his mouth with, and therefore had his DNA on it). This prompted him to give her all the baskets and a hug (the first time he has shown any physical intimacy with anyone).[47]

Asperger syndrome

Several viewers have noted that Sheldon's behavior is consistent with Asperger syndrome.[4][48][49] The writers have stated that they did not use Asperger syndrome as a basis for the character, but instead thought of his actions as "Sheldony".[48] Series co-creator Bill Prady stated: "We write the character as the character. A lot of people see various things in him and make the connections. Our feeling is that Sheldon's mother never got a diagnosis, so we don't have one".[49] In an interview, Jim Parsons noted the writers' response, but added that in his opinion, Sheldon "couldn't display more traits" of Asperger's.[50] Parsons has read John Elder Robison's memoir Look Me in the Eye about his life with Asperger syndrome, and said that: "A majority of what I read in that book touched on aspects of Sheldon". However, he also stated that "the way [Sheldon's] brain works, it’s so focused on the intellectual topics at hand that thinking he’s autistic is an easy leap for people watching the show to make".[51]

Family

Sheldon's family contrasts strongly with him, as they are neither scientists nor intellectuals.

Sheldon's mother, Mary, is a devout Evangelical whose spiritual beliefs are often at odds with Sheldon's scientific work. Nevertheless, Mary appears to be an extremely good mother and is the only one who has ever been able to control Sheldon. Leonard described Mary as Sheldon's "Kryptonite".[17] Her devout Christian beliefs contrast strongly with Sheldon's, but apparently growing up in her presence has influenced him enough that he shouted out "Thank you, Jesus!" when he rolled a good ball in bowling. When Sheldon had a fight with Amy Farrah Fowler and began hoarding pet cats (with famous scientists' names) in response, Leonard called Mary and she flew in to visit. She promptly met with Amy and then told Sheldon she was glad they were no longer spending time together as she would have forced them to stop seeing each other anyway; Sheldon, not realizing his mother was manipulating him into resuming his "relationship" with his "girl who is a friend", and Amy immediately patched things up, with Mary amusedly noting that no matter how smart a man is, if a woman tells him not to do something, the man will immediately decide that's exactly what he needs to do!

Sheldon has a fraternal twin sister, Missy. Tall and attractive, she immediately captures the attention of Leonard, Howard, and Raj, who all tried to date her. Sheldon recognized that within Missy's eggs lay the potential for another "superior mutation" like himself, and on this ground considered his friends unsuitable to be with his sister. Sheldon became offended when he found that Missy tells others he is a rocket scientist; he apparently thinks the title is inaccurate and beneath him.[30]

An older brother of Sheldon, George Jr., is also mentioned.[52] Both siblings commonly beat Sheldon up, and their mother describes them to be "dumb as soup".[29]

Sheldon's father, George, died before the start of the series and is often mentioned as being an almost-redneck Texan.[15][29] Although it is not stated when or how Mr. Cooper's death occurred, it is assumed to be close to the show's start, as Missy visits Sheldon to bring paperwork regarding their father's estate.[30] Sheldon recalls his father would force him to watch football despite his lack of interest for the sport, and would take him outside to show him how to "shoot close enough to a raccoon that it craps itself".[53]

Despite his lack of emotional attachment to other people, Sheldon is very fond of his grandmother, whom he calls "Memaw", who in turn calls him "Moon Pie".[44]

Work

Sheldon is a published theoretical physicist and has earned a Master of Science and two PhDs.[9] Sheldon conducts string theory research at Caltech. Throughout the course of the show, Sheldon has switched disciplines from bosonic string theory to heterotic string theory and reconciled the black hole information paradox using a string network condensate approach.[22]

With Rajesh, he has worked on the string theory implications of gamma rays from dark matter annihilations and considered a method for optimizing a 500 GeV particle detector to this end.[54] Sheldon and Leonard jointly wrote a paper on supersolids to be presented at an Institute of Experimental Physics topical conference on Bose-Einstein condensates.[55] He often rambles on about his imaginative ideas and theories, much to Leonard's annoyance, but does not listen to his friend concerning his (Leonard's) research.

Like Leonard, Sheldon keeps a whiteboard in the living room for scientific theories. It usually contains virtual particles in quantum mechanics or series of Riemann zeta functions.

Once, when he was obsessed with solving a physics problem, he took on menial tasks to clear his thought processes as to emulate Albert Einstein's success under similar circumstances. Much to Penny's dismay, one of the menial tasks he takes on is serving food at the Cheesecake Factory where she works, even though he was not an employee.[56]

Being a theoretical physicist, Sheldon has shown disdain for engineering, referring to engineers as "noble semi-skilled laborers" and "the Oompa-Loompas of science",[34] and calling engineering "the slow younger brother of physics".[57] In addition, he mocks his friend Leonard's work in experimental physics as unoriginal and simple.

The only person at work who appears to be Sheldon's intellectual equal is Leslie Winkle, for whom Sheldon has utter disdain. In fact, Leslie considers herself to be Sheldon's intellectual superior, and frequently mocks him because of this.[58]

Relationships

Among all of his friends, Sheldon shows the least interest in forming social relationships of any sort, and he appears to be satisfied with his current circle of friends.

According to several reviewers, Sheldon appears to be asexual. Noel Murray of The A.V. Club stated that "giving Sheldon a girlfriend, boyfriend or even a "friend with benefits" would be [...] far outside the scope of the character".[59] Kona Gallagher of TV Squad wrote that "the idea of Sheldon with a lady is a jarring one".[60] Series co-creator Chuck Lorre said: "Part of what’s wonderful and unique about [Sheldon] is he has chosen not to play in the relationship game either way — heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, any sexuality".[61]

Penny once asked what is Sheldon's "deal", meaning his sexual orientation. Leonard responded that "we've been operating under the assumption that he has no deal", with Howard suggesting his theory being that Sheldon reproduces by mitosis, and will one day eat an enormous amount of Thai food and split into two Sheldons. Leonard later had a nightmare of this exact scenario occurring.[62]

Others, however, are opposed to this interpretation. Jon Weisman of the Los Angeles Times wrote that "the right woman could draw [Sheldon] out of his shell".[63] In an interview, Parsons said that he thinks that his character eventually will have a romantic relationship.[64]

Despite Sheldon's lack of romantic or sexual leanings, Sheldon has somehow managed to attract at least three women and one man with little effort. He has, however, on each occasion completely misunderstood the situation.

Sheldon does inadvertently become involved in one "relationship" with Ramona Nowitzki, a graduate student who displayed "hero worship" for him. After a lecture, Ramona arranged dinner at Sheldon's apartment and subsequently kept seeing him for days, pressuring him to avoid distractions and concentrate on his research. Sheldon eventually became tired of her, and sought Penny's help to end the "relationship". Sheldon finally kicked Ramona out when he reached a breakthrough and refused to share credit with her for the discovery.[22]

Sheldon has formed a strong bond with Leonard's mother, Dr. Beverly Hofstadter (Christine Baranski). The similarity in their personalities allowed them to bond on a level Sheldon has been unable to find with anyone else.[65] After their initial meeting, they have kept in touch via e-mail, sharing information and research papers. When she visits to inform Leonard that she is divorcing his father, Penny gets her drunk. She kisses Sheldon in a fit of passion, but rejects seeking further physical intimacy with him.[66]

In the season 3 finale Sheldon is blackmailed into dating by Howard and Raj, who tried to find Sheldon a match on a dating site which claimed that it could find anyone a perfect match. He meets Amy Farrah Fowler, a female version of Sheldon played by Mayim Bialik. She agreed with her mother to go on a date once a year. Over the course of a few lines the two realize a connection and go on the date.[67] The relationship continues in the fourth season. In the first episode, Sheldon reveals that they have been in contact via numerous electronic means over the summer and that they plan to have a child together without marrying and without sexual intercourse. The decision to have a child in this manner is thwarted by Penny, who threatens to tell Sheldon's devout Christian mother of his plans to have a child that will be born to unwed parents. Despite their compatibility and empathy towards each other, Sheldon often points out that they are not in a romantic relationship, most often by saying of Amy: "she is a girl who is my friend, but not my girlfriend!"

Friends

Sheldon can only handle having a limited number of friends in his "landing party" at a time.

Sheldon is best friends with Leonard, as they live together and are accustomed to tolerating each other ever since Sheldon put out an ad for a roommate with a list of criteria to follow. Despite Sheldon sometimes making remarks to the contrary, he appreciates Leonard and assures Leonard that his friend will not die alone. Bill Prady stated that "the fact that, despite everything, Leonard considers Sheldon his best friend reminds us of Sheldon's essential humanity."[68]

Sheldon once tried to cut off Raj from his circle of friends to make room for Barry Kripke although the sole reason for that was because Raj got one answer for his questionnaire wrong. Otherwise he likes Raj because of the ethnic diversity he brings about in the group and the fact that he too likes monkeys and trains.[13] He lends help to Koothrappali by giving him a job under his supervision, and considers him a good friend.[54]

Sheldon often makes fun of Howard for not having a doctoral degree. In "The Bozeman Reaction", he referred to Howard as "a treasured acquaintance" instead of a friend like the others.[69] However, he still helped him in his work and shows dismay when Howard is distracted by Penny's friend Christy during Halo night.[24] He also referred to him as "the funny one" in their group. In the episode "The Apology Insufficiency", Sheldon angers Howard by revealing details to the FBI that prevent him from obtaining a much needed security clearance. Howard refuses to accept Sheldon's apology, until Sheldon gives Howard his spot on the couch. Sheldon asks for the spot back after only 94 seconds.[70] Howard has varied between not really caring whether he and Sheldon are friends and being visibly wounded when Sheldon is dismissive of him. During the time when Sheldon considered who to jettison from his circle of friends and said critically that Howard doesn't have a Ph.D. and isn't available to play video games during the Jewish High Holidays, Howard seemed pleased that he might be freed from Sheldon's friendship, only to watch as Sheldon then ordered a horrified Raj out of the circle of friends. Later, the "treasured acquaintance" remark makes Howard's face fall as if hearing that Leonard, Penny and Raj are considered friends while he isn't, is upsetting to him. In "The Bus Pants Utilzation"[71], Sheldon also picks on Howard on 3 ocassions. First, when Leonard reavels his great idea for a phone application, regarding solving differential equations (using Schrödinger's equation or Fourier analysis), Sheldon points out that Howard doesn't do such a thing, because he is only an engineer. Secondly, when Sheldon tells his side of the story on why Penny likes to hang out with the guys all the time, he refers to their group of scientists as "a group of geniuses and their friend Howard", thus ruling him out. Thirdly, when trying to lure Raj and Howard to abandon Leonard's project and join him in a rival company, Sheldon offers them, amongst other thing, custom mugs. Whereas on Raj's mug is written "World's greatest astrophysicist", Howards's mug only contains his name, with Sheldon explaining that he typed "World's greatest engineer" into the label maker, but simply could not press Enter.

Relationship with Penny

Despite Penny not being a scientist nor sharing many of the group's interests (Parsons described the characters as "polar opposites"[72]), and having constant fights with Sheldon in the early episodes, they became close friends, due to some time alone with each other, such as when Penny cares for Sheldon during illness[35] or when Penny takes him in as he is locked out of his apartment while his friends are in Las Vegas.[46] Sheldon returns the favor as he cares for Penny when she dislocates her shoulder. In all of these instances, the story line ends with one of them singing "Soft Kitty", a song Sheldon's mother used to sing to him, when he was sick.[35] On the one hand, Sheldon and Penny spend a lot of time getting on each other's nerves: Sheldon often mentions how uneducated or untidy Penny is, while Penny likes to irritate him by sitting in his spot, messing with food, and they once started a futile war (Penny blocked Sheldon from doing his laundry on his laundry day, and he replied by exposing her clothes and underwears outside the window). However, they also efficiently team up, for example to plan Leonard's birthday or to develop Penny's "Penny Blossoms" business, singing along sailors songs to motivate the other ones. They end up spending a lot of time together as two close friends, help each other and give each other advice (Penny helping to find a suit to Sheldon for an awards ceremony, or seeking Stan Lee's address for him because he couldn't meet him as the other members of the group did; Sheldon teaching Penny physics to help her in her relationship with Leonard), and, on a few occasions, they appear to share a sort of intimacy that Sheldon doesn't have with anyone else: they both take care of each other when they don't feel well; they stayed together in the flat, cranky and grumpy, as they had both caught flu after a hug they had exchanged; Sheldon has an immediate very nervous and alarmed reaction when he hears Penny calling for his help from her flat; they sing together "Soft Kitty" as a round in a kind intimate moment; Sheldon adds an amused "Bazinga" to one of Penny's jokes, to which she replies with a tender "Hmm..."

Sheldon acknowledges Penny as one of his closest friends (along with Leonard and Raj), while he considers that Howard is a "treasured acquaintance", though he's known him a lot longer than Penny. Also, when Penny and Leonard break up, Sheldon still considers Penny a friend and makes dinner plans, which he tries to hide when Howard informs him that it is inappropriate behavior and "bros come before ho's". He actually goes trough a lot of trouble (hiding frozen hot dogs in his pants, confronting a huge threatening dog ... ) just to dine with her, though he's already been forced to eat a whole meal with the boys. In the end, Leonard and Penny in a way share custody of Sheldon, taking him to Disneyland and out to buy new shoes.

The interaction between Sheldon and Penny has been praised by critics. James Chamberlin of IGN wrote: "Cuoco and Parsons are great in their own right, but when put together, they truly shine."[73] Matt Roush of TV Guide said that Sheldon and Penny's "scenes and episodes together are usually Big Bang at its best".[74] Todd WanDerVerff of The A.V. Club wrote that they "made such an inspired odd coupling that at times, it seemed as though the entire show were about them" and their chemistry "has some of the rattle and rhythm of the great comedic duos".[75] Chuck Lorre stated that Sheldon and Penny have "become a natural comic pairing" and they "bounce off each other beautifully".[61]

Some fans support a romantic relationship between Sheldon and Penny.[63][64] Lorre, however, is opposed to this, saying: "We've stumbled into creating a character who has chosen a lifestyle for himself that is unique. And I don't see any reason to modify it."[61] WanDerVerff was also critical of the idea writing: "TV teaches us that any time a man and a woman are in some sort of relationship with any sort of spark to it, that man and that woman will inevitably begin sleeping together, and I think that's what the Sheldon/Penny shippers are responding to, but The Big Bang Theory is showing us that that doesn't necessary [sic] have to be the case".[75] Kaley Cuoco said that if they dated, "Penny would kill Sheldon".[76]

Creation and casting

The character of Sheldon was inspired by a computer programmer Bill Prady knew.[77] He is named in honor of actor/producer Sheldon Leonard,[78] and Nobel Prize Laureate Leon Cooper.[79] According to Prady, the character "began to evolve after episode five or so and became his own thing".[49] Chuck Lorre originally intended Johnny Galecki to play the role, but Galecki thought he'd be "better suited" for the character of Leonard.[80] Lorre said that when Jim Parsons auditioned for the role, he was "so startlingly good", that Lorre "asked him back to make sure he hadn’t gotten lucky".[81]

Reception

Jim Parsons' portrayal of Sheldon received praise from critics, and it was often cited as the main reason for the program's success.[82][83][84] James Chamberlin of IGN wrote: "It's hard to imagine what The Big Bang Theory would be if it weren't for Jim Parsons' great portrayal of Sheldon Cooper."[85] Matt Roush of TV Guide stated that "there’s a spark of divine inspiration in Jim Parsons' uproarious Sheldon Cooper".[86] Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly wrote that "Parsons is doing something rare on network TV: making intellectualism admirable, even heroic".[5]

On July 16, 2009, Jim Parsons was nominated for an Emmy Award for Lead Actor in a Comedy for the role of Sheldon.[87] He was nominated again on July 8, 2010, and won the award for "Lead Actor in a Comedy Series" on August 29, 2010 in the 62nd Primetime Emmys.[88] In August 2009, he won the Television Critics Association award for the highest individual achievements in comedy.[89] He was also nominated for a People's Choice Award for Favorite TV Comedy Actor[90] and a Satellite Award for best actor in a comedy or musical series.[91] On January 16, 2011 Parsons won the Golden Globe for best actor in a television series, and the award was presented by co-star Kaley Cuoco.

References

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