Christian population growth: Difference between revisions
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==== {{flagicon|Mongolia}} Mongolia ==== |
==== {{flagicon|Mongolia}} Mongolia ==== |
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{{see|Christianity in Mongolia}} |
{{see|Christianity in Mongolia}} |
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*According to the Christian missionary group [[Barnabas Fund]], [[Christianity in Mongolia|the number of Christians in Mongolia]] grew from just four in 1989 to around 40,000 as of 2008<ref>[http://www.mongolia-attractions.com/religions-in-mongolia.html Religions in Mongolia]</ref>. |
*According to the Christian missionary group [[Barnabas Fund]], [[Christianity in Mongolia|the number of Christians in Mongolia]] grew from just four in 1989 to around 40,000 as of 2008<ref>[http://www.mongolia-attractions.com/religions-in-mongolia.html Religions in Mongolia]</ref>. |
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==== {{flagicon|Singapore}} Singapore ==== |
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{{see|Christianity in Singapore}} |
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The percentage of Christians among Singaporeans increased from 12.7% in 1990 to 17.5% in 2010.<ref>[http://www.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Singapore/Story/A1Story20110113-257921.html Better-educated S'pore residents look to religion]</ref> |
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==== {{flagicon|South Korea}} South Korea ==== |
==== {{flagicon|South Korea}} South Korea ==== |
Revision as of 00:36, 18 February 2011
Christian population growth refers to the topic of population growth of the global Christian community.
In 2005, there were 2.14 billion Christians in the world, an increase of 140 million from two billion in 2000. The increase in the Christian population is growing at a slightly higher rate than the world population – 1.3 percent per year, when the total world population increased with 1.2 percent. The Christian population in Asia and Africa had the highest growth with 2.6 percent and 2.4 percent, respectively, but the Christian population is declining in Europe. Although the number of Muslims and Hindus – 1.31 billion Muslims and 870 million Hindus – are less than Christians, the Muslim population has grown at a rate of 1.9 percent per year and the Hindu population has grown at a rate of 1.5 percent per year, however charismatic Christianity and independent churches are growing at the fastest, at 2.4 percent per year[1].
Fertility rate
The Christian fertility has varied throughout history, but it has declined along with most other fertility figures. It is also important to point out that the Christian fertility varies from country to country. Christian women in the Democratic Republic of Congo get in average more than five times more children than the Christian women get in Belarus.
Over the last 20 years (1989–2009), the average world fertility rate decreased from 3.50 to 2.58, a fall of 0.92 children per women or 26%. The weighted average fertility rate for Christian nations decreased in the same period from 3.26 to 2.58, a fall of 0.68 children per women or 21%. The weighted average fertility rate for Muslim nations decreased in the same period from 5.17 to 3.23, a fall of 1.94 children per women or 38%. The gap in fertility between the Christian- and Muslim-dominated nations fall from 47% in 1989 to 25% in 2009. If the trend continue, the Muslim and Christian fertility rates will converge in either 2022 or 2023.
10 countries with highest percentage of Christians | Christian and Muslim fertility rate[2][3] | Birth surplus by religion[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Conversion
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Absolute growth
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By branches
Catholicism
Roman Catholic Church
- Church membership in 2007 was 1.147 billion people,[6] increasing from the 1950 figure of 437 million[7] and the 1970 figure of 654 million.[8] On 31 December 2008, membership was 1.166 billion, an increase of 11.54% over the same date in 2000, only slightly greater than the rate of increase of the world population (10.77%). The increase was 33.02% in Africa, but only 1.17% in Europe. It was 15,91% in Asia, 11.39% in Oceania, and 10.93% in Americas. As a result, Catholics were 17.77% of the total population in Africa, 63.10% in Americas, 3.05% in Asia, 39.97% in Europe, 26.21% in Oceania, and 17.40% of the world population. Of the world's Catholics, the proportion living in Africa grew from 12.44% in 2000 to 14.84% in 2008, while those living in Europe fell from 26.81% to 24.31%.[9] Membership of the Catholic Church is attained through baptism.[10] If someone formally leaves the Church, that fact is noted in the register of the person's baptism.
- Monsignor Vittorio Formenti, who compiles the Vatican's yearbook, said in an interview with the Vatican newspaper L'Osservatore Romano that "For the first time in history, we are no longer at the top: Muslims have overtaken us". He said that Catholics accounted for 17.4 percent of the world population—a stable percentage—while Muslims were at 19.2 percent. "It is true that while Muslim families, as is well known, continue to make a lot of children, Christian ones on the contrary tend to have fewer and fewer," the monsignor said.[11]
Eastern Orthodoxy
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (January 2011) |
Protestantism
Pentecostalism
- From the period between 2000 and 2005, Pentecostalism experienced a global growth rate of 488% expanding from 115 million to 588.5 million[12] global adherents. This classes Pentecostalism as the fastest growing religion world wide.[13]
By country
- According to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the World Christian Database as of 2007 estimated the six fastest-growing religions of the world to be Islam (1.84%), the Bahá'í Faith (1.7%), Sikhism (1.62%), Jainism (1.57%), Hinduism (1.52%), and Christianity (1.32%). High birth rates were cited as the reason for the growth.[14]
- The U.S. Center for World Mission claimed a growth rate of Christianity at 2.3% for the period 1970 to 1996, (slightly higher than the world population growth rate at the time). This increased the claimed percentage of adherents of Christianity from 33.7% to 33.9%.[15]
- The World Christian Database as of 2007 estimated the growth rate of Christianity at 1.32%. High birth rates and conversions were cited as the main reason.[16]
- Using data from the period 2000–2005 the 2006 Christian World Database estimated that by number of new adherents, Christianity was the fastest growing religion in the world with 30,360,000 new adherents in 2006. This was followed by Islam with 23,920,000 and Hinduism with 13,224,000 estimated new adherents in the same period.[17]
Country or subnational unit | Regular church attendance (%) |
---|---|
Alabama | 58%[18] |
Poland | 56.7%[19] |
Texas | 49%[18] |
United States average | 42%[18] |
California | 32%[18] |
Canada | 25% |
Vermont | 24% [18] |
France | 15% |
United Kingdom | 10%[20] |
Australia | 7.5%[21] |
Norway | 5%[22] |
Africa
- Christianity has been estimated to be growing rapidly in South America, Africa, and Asia. In Africa, for instance, in 1900, there were only 8.7 million adherents of Christianity; now there are 390 million, and it is expected by 2025 there will be 600 million Christians in Africa. The number of Catholics in Africa has increased from one million in 1902 to 329,882,000. There are now 1.5 million churches whose congregations account for 46 million people. A leading Saudi Arabian Muslim leader Sheikh Ahmad al Qatanni reported on al-Jazeera TV that every day 16,000 African Muslims convert to Christianity. He claimed that Islam was losing 6 million African Muslims a year to becoming Christians[23][24][25].
- Officially, 99% of Algeria’s 33 million population are Sunni Muslims. Algeria’s Protestant Churches claim 50,000 followers. Joel Rosenberg in his book Epicenter reports that more than 80,000 Muslims have turned to Christianity in Algeria in recent years. There are strict laws against evangelism in Algeria[26].
- In Morocco, Muslim newspaper articles openly complained that between 25,000 to 40,000 Muslims have turned to Christianity in recent years[26].
- In South Africa, Pentecostalism has grown from 0.2% in 1951 to 7.6% in 2001[27].
America
In the Canada 2001 Census[28] [3] [4] [5] [6] 72% of the Canadian population list Roman Catholicism or Protestantism as a religion. The Roman Catholic Church in Canada is by far the country's largest single denomination. Those who listed no religion account for 16% of total respondents. In British Columbia, however, 35% of respondents reported no religion—more than any single denomination and more than all Protestants combined. [7]. For further information on historically significant religions in Canada, please see Canadian census results on religion.
2001 | 1991 | % change (in numbers) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | ||
Total Population | 29,639,035 | 26,944040 | +9.8 | ||
Christian | 22,851,825 | 77 | 22,503,360 | 83 | +1.5 |
– Roman Catholic | 12,793,125 | 43.2 | 12,203,625 | 45.2 | +4.8 |
– Total Protestant | 8,654,845 | 29.2 | 9,427,675 | 34.9 | −8.2 |
– United Church of Canada | 2,839,125 | 9.6 | 3,093,120 | 11.5 | −8.2 |
– Anglican Church of Canada | 2,035,495 | 6.9 | 2,188,110 | 8.1 | −7.0 |
– Christian, not included elsewhere¹ | 780,450 | 2.6 | 353,040 | 1.3 | +121.1 |
- Baptist | 729,470 | 2.5 | 663,360 | 2.5 | +10.0 |
– Lutheran | 606,590 | 2.0 | 636,205 | 2.4 | −4.7 |
– Protestant, not included elsewhere² | 549,205 | 1.9 | 628,945 | 2.3 | −12.7 |
– Presbyterian | 409,830 | 1.4 | 636,295 | 2.4 | −35.6 |
– Christian Orthodox | 495,245 | 1.7 | 387,395 | 1.4 | +27.8 |
No Religious Affiliation | 4,900,090 | 16.5 | 3,397,000 | 12.6 | +44.2 |
Other | |||||
– Muslim | 579,645 | 2.0 | 253,265 | 0.9 | +128.9 |
– Jewish | 329,990 | 1.1 | 318,185 | 1.2 | +3.7 |
– Buddhist | 300,345 | 1.0 | 163,415 | 0.6 | +83.8 |
– Hindu | 297,200 | 1.0 | 157,010 | 0.6 | +89.3 |
– Sikh | 278,415 | 0.9 | 147,440 | 0.5 | +88.8 |
¹ Includes persons who report “Christian”, and those who report “Apostolic”, “Born-again Christian” and “Evangelical”. ² Includes persons who report only “Protestant”. * For comparability purposes, 1991 data are presented according to 2001 boundaries. |
The United States government does not collect religious data in its census. The survey below, the American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) 2008, was a random digit-dialed telephone survey of 54,461 American residential households in the contiguous United States. The 1990 sample size was 113,723; 2001 sample size was 50,281.
Adult respondents were asked the open-ended question, "What is your religion, if any?" Interviewers did not prompt or offer a suggested list of potential answers. The religion of the spouse or partner was also asked. If the initial answer was "Protestant" or "Christian" further questions were asked to probe which particular denomination. About one third of the sample was asked more detailed demographic questions.
Religious Self-Identification of the U.S. Adult Population: 1990, 2001, 2008[29]
Figures are not adjusted for refusals to reply; investigators suspect refusals are possibly more representative of "no religion" than any other group.
Group |
1990 adults x 1,000 |
2001 adults x 1,000 |
2008 adults x 1,000 |
Numerical Change 1990– 2008 as % of 1990 |
1990 % of adults |
2001 % of adults |
2008 % of adults |
change in % of total adults 1990– 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adult population, total | 175,440 | 207,983 | 228,182 | 30.1% | ||||
Adult population, Responded | 171,409 | 196,683 | 216,367 | 26.2% | 97.7% | 94.6% | 94.8% | −2.9% |
Total Christian | 151,225 | 159,514 | 173,402 | 14.7% | 86.2% | 76.7% | 76.0% | −10.2% |
Catholic | 46,004 | 50,873 | 57,199 | 24.3% | 26.2% | 24.5% | 25.1% | −1.2% |
non-Catholic Christian | 105,221 | 108,641 | 116,203 | 10.4% | 60.0% | 52.2% | 50.9% | −9.0% |
Baptist | 33,964 | 33,820 | 36,148 | 6.4% | 19.4% | 16.3% | 15.8% | −3.5% |
Mainline Christian | 32,784 | 35,788 | 29,375 | −10.4% | 18.7% | 17.2% | 12.9% | −5.8% |
Methodist | 14,174 | 14,039 | 11,366 | −19.8% | 8.1% | 6.8% | 5.0% | −3.1% |
Lutheran | 9,110 | 9,580 | 8,674 | −4.8% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 3.8% | −1.4% |
Presbyterian | 4,985 | 5,596 | 4,723 | −5.3% | 2.8% | 2.7% | 2.1% | −0.8% |
Episcopalian/Anglican | 3,043 | 3,451 | 2,405 | −21.0% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.1% | −0.7% |
United Church of Christ | 438 | 1,378 | 736 | 68.0% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.1% |
Christian Generic | 25,980 | 22,546 | 32,441 | 24.9% | 14.8% | 10.8% | 14.2% | −0.6% |
Christian Unspecified | 8,073 | 14,190 | 16,384 | 102.9% | 4.6% | 6.8% | 7.2% | 2.6% |
Non-denominational Christian | 194 | 2,489 | 8,032 | 4040.2% | 0.1% | 1.2% | 3.5% | 3.4% |
Protestant – Unspecified | 17,214 | 4,647 | 5,187 | −69.9% | 9.8% | 2.2% | 2.3% | −7.5% |
Evangelical/Born Again | 546 | 1,088 | 2,154 | 294.5% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.9% | 0.6% |
Pentecostal/Charismatic | 5,647 | 7,831 | 7,948 | 40.7% | 3.2% | 3.8% | 3.5% | 0.3% |
Pentecostal – Unspecified | 3,116 | 4,407 | 5,416 | 73.8% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 2.4% | 0.6% |
Assemblies of God | 617 | 1,105 | 810 | 31.3% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
Church of God | 590 | 943 | 663 | 12.4% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.0% |
Other Protestant Denominations | 4,630 | 5,949 | 7,131 | 54.0% | 2.6% | 2.9% | 3.1% | 0.5% |
Churches of Christ | 1,769 | 2,593 | 1,921 | 8.6% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 0.8% | −0.2% |
Seventh-Day Adventist | 668 | 724 | 938 | 40.4% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
Total non-Christian religions | 5,853 | 7,740 | 8,796 | 50.3% | 3.3% | 3.7% | 3.9% | 0.5% |
Mormon/Latter-Day Saints | 2,487 | 2,697 | 3,158 | 27.0% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 0.0% |
Jehovah's Witness | 1,381 | 1,331 | 1,914 | 38.6% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.1% |
Jewish | 3,137 | 2,837 | 2,680 | −14.6% | 1.8% | 1.4% | 1.2% | −0.6% |
Eastern Religions | 687 | 2,020 | 1,961 | 185.4% | 0.4% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.5% |
Buddhist | 404 | 1,082 | 1,189 | 194.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.3% |
Muslim | 527 | 1,104 | 1,349 | 156.0% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.3% |
New Religious Movements & Others | 1,296 | 1,770 | 2,804 | 116.4% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 0.5% |
None/ No religion, total | 14,331 | 29,481 | 34,169 | 138.4% | 8.2% | 14.2% | 15.0% | 6.8% |
Agnostic+Atheist | 1,186 | 1,893 | 3,606 | 204.0% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.6% | 0.9% |
Did Not Know/ Refused to reply | 4,031 | 11,300 | 11,815 | 193.1% | 2.3% | 5.4% | 5.2% | 2.9% |
Highlights:[29]
- The ARIS 2008 survey was carried out during February–November 2008 and collected answers from 54,461 respondents who were questioned in English or Spanish.
- The American population self-identifies as predominantly Christian but Americans are slowly becoming less Christian.
- 86% of American adults identified as Christians in 1990 and 76% in 2008.
- The historic Mainline churches and denominations have experienced the steepest declines while the non-denominational Christian identity has been trending upward particularly since 2001.
- The challenge to Christianity in the U.S. does not come from other religions but rather from a rejection of all forms of organized religion.
- 34% of American adults considered themselves "Born Again or Evangelical Christians" in 2008.
- The U. S. population continues to show signs of becoming less religious, with one out of every seven Americans failing to indicate a religious identity in 2008.
- The "Nones" (no stated religious preference, atheist, or agnostic) continue to grow, though at a much slower pace than in the 1990s, from 8.2% in 1990, to 14.1% in 2001, to 15.0% in 2008.
- Asian Americans are substantially more likely to indicate no religious identity than other racial or ethnic groups.
- One sign of the lack of attachment of Americans to religion is that 27% do not expect a religious funeral at their death.
- Based on their stated beliefs rather than their religious identification in 2008, 70% of Americans believe in a personal God, roughly 12% of Americans are atheist (no God) or agnostic (unknowable or unsure), and another 12% are deistic (a higher power but no personal God).
- America's religious geography has been transformed since 1990. Religious switching along with Hispanic immigration has significantly changed the religious profile of some states and regions. Between 1990 and 2008, the Catholic population proportion of the New England states fell from 50% to 36% and in New York it fell from 44% to 37%, while it rose in California from 29% to 37% and in Texas from 23% to 32%.
- Overall the 1990–2008 ARIS time series shows that changes in religious self-identification in the first decade of the 21st century have been moderate in comparison to the 1990s, which was a period of significant shifts in the religious composition of the United States.
Asia
- The Christian population of the Kandhamal district in Orissa was 117,950 in 2001, an increase from 75,597 in 1991, or a 66% growth, higher than the overall population at 18.6%. 42,353 converted to Christianity between 1991 and 2001, and two of them converted back to Hinduism[30].
- Islam Watch claim 10,000 Muslims convert to Christianity in India every year[26].
According to a Hindu organization, 130,000 people have converted from Hinduism to Christianity between 1965 and 1990. Around 97,000 joined the Methodist Church and the rest mostly joined various Protestant denominations, as well as 2,500 who joined the Catholic Church[31].
- According to the Christian missionary group Barnabas Fund, the number of Christians in Mongolia grew from just four in 1989 to around 40,000 as of 2008[32].
The percentage of Christians among Singaporeans increased from 12.7% in 1990 to 17.5% in 2010.[33]
- In South Korea, Christianity has grown from 20.7% in 1985 to 29.5% in 2005 according to the World Christian Database[27][34].
- The US Department of State estimates that Protestant Christianity may have grown 600% over the last decade in Vietnam.[36]
Europe
- It is estimated that Orthodoxy is the fastest growing religion in Norway with a growth rate from 2000 to 2009 at 231.1%.[38]
Continents and countries with the largest Christian population in 2050 if the percentage remains the same as today:[39][40]
Rank | Continent | Christians (2010) | Rank | Continent | Christians (2050) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Americas | 804,140,000 | 1. | Americas | 1,005,838,000 |
2. | Europe | 550,911,000 | 2. | Africa | 951,270,000 |
3. | Africa | 482,240,000 | 3. | Europe | 523,607,000 |
4. | Asia | 278,273,000 | 4. | Asia | 353,125,000 |
5. | Oceania | 25,754,000 | 5. | Oceania | 37,662,000 |
Rank | Country | Christians (2010) | Rank | Country | Christians (2050) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | United States | 243,186,000 | 1. | United States | 329,343,000 |
2. | Brazil | 174,700,000 | 2. | Brazil | 235,666,000 |
3. | Mexico | 105,095,000 | 3. | Ethiopia | 179,493,000 |
4. | Russia | 99,775,000 | 4. | Congo, Democratic Republic of | 170,380,000 |
5. | Philippines | 90,530,000 | 5. | Philippines | 158,895,000 |
6. | Nigeria | 76,281,000 | 6. | Mexico | 139,773,000 |
7. | China, People's Republic of | 66,959,000 | 7. | Nigeria | 127,374,000 |
8. | Congo, Democratic Republic of | 63,825,000 | 8. | Uganda | 113,415,000 |
9. | Italy | 55,070,000 | 9. | Russia | 76,759,000 |
10. | Ethiopia | 54,978,000 | 10. | China, People's Republic of | 71,208,000 |
See also
References
- ^ The Christian Post – Christian Population Growth Rate Higher than World; Less than Muslims, Hindus
- ^ a b c d e f g "Fastest Growing Religion – Numbers".
- ^ CIA – The World Factbook
- ^ FASTEST GROWING RELIGION
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2007). "United Nations World Population Prospects: 2006 revision, Table A.15" (PDF). New York: UN. Retrieved 7 December 2009.
- ^ "Vatican: Priest numbers show steady, moderate increase". Catholic News Service. 2 March 2009. Retrieved 9 March 2008.
- ^ Froehle, pp. 4–5
- ^ Bazar, Emily (16 April 2008). "Immigrants Make Pilgrimage to Pope". USA Today. Retrieved 3 May 2008.
- ^ "Number of Catholics on the Rise". Zenit News Agency. 27 April 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help). For greater details on numbers of Catholics and priests and their distribution by continent and for changes between 2000 and 2008, see "Annuario Statistico della Chiesa dell'anno 2008". Holy See Press Office. 27 April 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010. (in Italian) - ^ Code of Canon Law, canon 11. Retrieved 9 March 2008
- ^ "– Vatican: Islam Surpasses Roman Catholicism as World's Largest Religion – International News | News of the World | Middle East News | Europe News". Foxnews.com. 30 March 2008. Retrieved 1 April 2010.
- ^ Pentecostals Celebrate World's Fastest-Growing Religion
- ^ Engendering Charismatic Economies: Pentecostalism, Global Political Economy, and the Crisis of Social Reproduction, Isabelle V. Barker
- ^ Staff (May 2007). "The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions". Foreign Policy. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
{{cite news}}
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(help) - ^ "GROWTH RATE OF CHRISTIANITY & ISLAM Which will be the dominant religion in the future?".
- ^ "The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions". Foreign Policy. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. May 2007.
- ^ "What is the fastest growing religion in the world? A Secularist Evaluation". FastestGrowingReligion.tk. 2008. Retrieved 12 September 2008.
- ^ a b c d e "San Diego Times, May 2, 2006], from 2006 Gallup survey".
- ^ "Polish lead EU in Sunday church attendance".
- ^ "'One in 10' attends church weekly [1] publisher = BBC News".
{{cite news}}
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(help) - ^ [2] NCLS releases latest estimates of church attendance], National Church Life Survey, Media release,
- ^ NorgeIDAG – Hvor mange aktive kristne finnes i Norge?
- ^ Six Million African Muslims Convert to Christianity Each Year – Al-Jazeerah Website
- ^ Six million African Muslims leave Islam per year – American Thinker
- ^ Over a Million Muslim Converts to Christianity – MND
- ^ a b c d e Muslims Turn to Christ – ChristianAction
- ^ a b c Religious Demographic Profiles – Pew Forum
- ^ Religions in Canada—Census 2001
- ^ a b c Barry A. Kosmin and Ariela Keysar (2009). "AMERICAN RELIGIOUS IDENTIFICATION SURVEY (ARIS) 2008" (PDF). Hartford, Connecticut, USA: Trinity College. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
- ^ Kandhmal: 66 percent Christian population growth in 10 years
- ^ 160,000 Have Converted Out of Hinduism in Malaysia in 25 Years
- ^ Religions in Mongolia
- ^ Better-educated S'pore residents look to religion
- ^ Pew Forum – Presidential Election in South Korea Highlights Influence of Christian Community
- ^ 35,000 Moslems convert into Christianity each year in Turkey
- ^ "Annual Report on International Religious Freedom for 2005 – Vietnam". U.S. Department of State. 30 June 2005. Retrieved 11 March 2007.
- ^ Muslims Converting to Christianity by the Thousands in France
- ^ Statistics Norway
- ^ Total Population of the Continents
- ^ Countries with highest population for 1950, 2010 and 2050