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'''Jebal Saaidé''' ({{lang-ar|جبل سعيدة}}) (or Saaidé I & Saaidé II) is a village and archaeological site {{convert|12|km|mi}} northeast of [[Baalbek]], [[Lebanon]]. In the summer of 1966, the [[Lebanese Army]] dug a trench at Saaidé I, and recovered a large number of tools and lithics including sickles, grinders, scrapers, chisels, awls and blades suggested to date to the [[PPNB]]. J. Besançon & F. Hours later discovered a [[Palaeolithic]] layer below the [[Neolithic]] level, recovering [[knives]], [[arrowheads]], scrapers and retouched blades along eith a fragment of a small, flat, cutting [[axe]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Haidar-Boustani|first=Maya|date=2001-2002|title=Le Néolithique du Liban dans le contexte proche-oriental: Etat des connaissances|journal=Annales d'histoire et d'archéologie|publisher=[[Université Saint-Joseph]]|volume=12-13|issn=1729-6927|url=http://www.usj.edu.lb/mpl/pdf/1.pdf}}</ref> |
'''Jebal Saaidé''' ({{lang-ar|جبل سعيدة}}) (or Saaidé I & Saaidé II) is a village and archaeological site {{convert|12|km|mi}} northeast of [[Baalbek]], [[Lebanon]]. In the summer of 1966, the [[Lebanese Army]] dug a trench at Saaidé I, and recovered a large number of tools and lithics including sickles, grinders, scrapers, chisels, awls and blades suggested to date to the [[PPNB]]. J. Besançon & F. Hours later discovered a [[Palaeolithic]] layer below the [[Neolithic]] level, recovering [[knives]], [[arrowheads]], scrapers and retouched blades along eith a fragment of a small, flat, cutting [[axe]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Haidar-Boustani|first=Maya|date=2001-2002|title=Le Néolithique du Liban dans le contexte proche-oriental: Etat des connaissances|journal=Annales d'histoire et d'archéologie|publisher=[[Université Saint-Joseph]]|volume=12-13|issn=1729-6927|url=http://www.usj.edu.lb/mpl/pdf/1.pdf}}</ref> |
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Saaidé II was first excavated in 1969 by Bruce Schroeder from the [[University of Toronto]] who found the site badly damaged by modern agriculture. Investigations have recovered a wide range of [[mortars]] and pestles, scrapers, [[chisels]], borers, retouched [[microliths]], geometric and non-geometric microliths. One grave was found with some tiny skull fragments from an adult aged 45-50 years. Local fauna consisted of turtles, birds ([[duck]], [[goose]], [[eagle]]) and mammals ([[badger]], [[lynx]], [[deer]], [[ox]], [[gazelle]], [[sheep]] and [[goat]]). Jebal Saaidé is the only pre-agricultural village found in [[Lebanon]] to date.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vFNtAAAAMAAJ&q=Jebal+Saaid%C3%A9&dq=Jebal+Saaid%C3%A9&hl=en&ei=f1hkTZWANtSxhQfqluS_DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&sqi=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAg|title=Berytus: archeological studies, Volumes 17-19|publisher=The [[American University of Beirut]]|year=1968}}</ref> Inhabitants seem to have hunted different animals including lynx, red deer, gazelle, and some aquatic and migratory birds.<ref name="Akk">{{Cite book |
Saaidé II, almost {{convert|0.25|ha|ft2}} in size, was first excavated in 1969 by Bruce Schroeder from the [[University of Toronto]] who found the site badly damaged by modern agriculture. Investigations have recovered a wide range of [[mortars]] and pestles, scrapers, [[chisels]], borers, retouched [[microliths]], geometric and non-geometric microliths. One grave was found with some tiny skull fragments from an adult aged 45-50 years. Local fauna consisted of turtles, birds ([[duck]], [[goose]], [[eagle]]) and mammals ([[badger]], [[lynx]], [[deer]], [[ox]], [[gazelle]], [[sheep]] and [[goat]]). Jebal Saaidé is the only pre-agricultural village found in [[Lebanon]] to date.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vFNtAAAAMAAJ&q=Jebal+Saaid%C3%A9&dq=Jebal+Saaid%C3%A9&hl=en&ei=f1hkTZWANtSxhQfqluS_DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&sqi=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAg|title=Berytus: archeological studies, Volumes 17-19|publisher=The [[American University of Beirut]]|year=1968}}</ref> Inhabitants seem to have hunted different animals including lynx, red deer, gazelle, and some aquatic and migratory birds.<ref name="Akk">{{Cite book |
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| last2 = Schwartz |
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| first2 = Glenn M. |
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Revision as of 17:48, 23 February 2011
جبل سعيدة | |
 | |
| Location | 12 km (7.5 mi) northeast of Baalbek, Lebanon |
|---|---|
| Region | Bekaa |
| Coordinates | 34° 09', 36° 13' |
| Part of | Village |
| History | |
| Founded | c. 10000 BC |
| Periods | Epipaleolithic, Natufian, PPNB |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1966, 1969 |
| Archaeologists | Bruce Schroeder, J. Besançon, F. Hours |
| Condition | ruins |
| Public access | Yes |
Jebal Saaidé (Template:Lang-ar) (or Saaidé I & Saaidé II) is a village and archaeological site 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northeast of Baalbek, Lebanon. In the summer of 1966, the Lebanese Army dug a trench at Saaidé I, and recovered a large number of tools and lithics including sickles, grinders, scrapers, chisels, awls and blades suggested to date to the PPNB. J. Besançon & F. Hours later discovered a Palaeolithic layer below the Neolithic level, recovering knives, arrowheads, scrapers and retouched blades along eith a fragment of a small, flat, cutting axe.[1]
Saaidé II, almost 0.25 hectares (27,000 sq ft) in size, was first excavated in 1969 by Bruce Schroeder from the University of Toronto who found the site badly damaged by modern agriculture. Investigations have recovered a wide range of mortars and pestles, scrapers, chisels, borers, retouched microliths, geometric and non-geometric microliths. One grave was found with some tiny skull fragments from an adult aged 45-50 years. Local fauna consisted of turtles, birds (duck, goose, eagle) and mammals (badger, lynx, deer, ox, gazelle, sheep and goat). Jebal Saaidé is the only pre-agricultural village found in Lebanon to date.[2] Inhabitants seem to have hunted different animals including lynx, red deer, gazelle, and some aquatic and migratory birds.[3]
Literature
- Besançon, J. Hours, F,. Une coupe dans le quaternaire récent. Saaidé I (Beqaa centrale, Liban), Hannon, 5, 29-61, 1970.
- Hours, F,. L'épipaléolithique au Liban. Resultats acquis en 1975, Colloque III, UISPP 1976, 9ème Congrès de l'UISPP, Nice, 130-196, 1976.
- Schroeder, H.B., Natufian in the Central Béqaa Valley, Lebanon, Bar-Yosef and Valla (eds.) 1991, The Natufian Culture in the Levant, 43-80, International Monographs in Prehistory, 1991.
- Copeland, L., Natufian Sites in Lebanon, Bar-Yosef and Valla (eds.) 1991, The Natufian Culture in the Levant, 27-42,International Monographs in Prehistory, 1991
- Ofer Bar-Yosef, François Raymond Valla,. The Natufian culture in the Levant, International Monographs in Prehistory, 1991.
- Soliveres, O., « Restes humains natoufiens du Jebal Saaidé (Epipaléolithique du Liban) », Paléorient, 3, p. 293-294, 1975-1976-1977.
- Churcher, P., « The vertebrate fauna from the Natufian level at Jebel es-Saaïde (Saaïde II), Lebanon », Paléorient, 20/2, p. 35-58, 1994,
Footnotes
- ^ Haidar-Boustani, Maya (2001–2002). "Le Néolithique du Liban dans le contexte proche-oriental: Etat des connaissances" (PDF). Annales d'histoire et d'archéologie. 12–13. Université Saint-Joseph. ISSN 1729-6927.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ Berytus: archeological studies, Volumes 17-19. The American University of Beirut. 1968.
- ^ Akkermans, Peter M. M. G.; Schwartz, Glenn M. (2003). The Archaeology of Syria: From Complex Hunter-Gatherers to Early Urban Societies (c. 16,000–300 BC). Cambridge University Press. p. 33. ISBN 0521796660.
