Gendang beleq: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Gendang Beleq musicians.JPG|thumb|The big drum (' |
[[File:Gendang Beleq musicians.JPG|thumb|The big drum (''gendang beleq'') musicians, the main players in the ensemble.]] |
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[[File:Gendang Beleq Lombok 3.JPG|thumb|The accompanying cymbal players.]] |
[[File:Gendang Beleq Lombok 3.JPG|thumb|The accompanying cymbal players.]] |
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Revision as of 14:56, 14 April 2011
Gendang beleq is a dance and music performance from Lombok island, Indonesia.[1] It is a popular performance among the native Sasak people.
The name gendang beleq is a Sasak language term, which mean "big drum (big gendang)",[2] as the performance is about a group of musicians playing, dancing and marching with their traditional instruments, centered arround two big drum (gendang) players.
Instruments
The ensemble for gendang beleq performance consisted of main players with of two (occasionaly four)[3][4] large drums. They are followed by players using a gong, a traditional flute (suling), some hand-held kettle-gongs (similiar with bonang), and many sets of cymbals.[5][6] The size of ensemble is usually 12-15 persons, with 3 person to carry and play the heavy gong.
The drum is made from wood frmae with goat skin drumhead. The wood use is selected from woods which is hard yet light. The goat skin is selected from goat with approximately 5 year-old age to make drum with best sound. The are two different type of gendang used in the ensemble: the male and female gendang. Each made with male and female goat. These two type of gendang has different sound quality.[4]
The player for the ensemble is called sekehe. It is composed of men only (usually young boys).[3] There are many gendang beleq clubs in Lombok. These clubs is supported and sponsored by Indonesian government as a way to promote Sasak culture and to make youth involved in the cultural activities.[5][3] The clubs usually practiced once in a week.[4] During performance the players will use colorful traditional Sasak dress, which is similiar with the related Balinese dress.
History
Gendang Beleq is a variant of gamelan oncer, a gamelan form in Lombok. It is used for ritual purpose and as a performance to encourage Sasak warriors that was going into -or returning from, the battlefield. [4] It is part also of ceremony in Pura Lingsar, one of the main Hindu temple in Lombok.[3]
Gendang Beleg popularity increased since 1990s due to support and promotion by Indonesian government to promote local art performances. [3] Presently the performance is not only in a ritual context but also in a cultural festival or for a tourist performances.
Performances
In a Gendang beleq performance, the drummers carry and play gendang and dance a dramatic and confrontational duet. The drummers play interlocking tune with their large drums.[3][6] Aside from able to play their instruments, the players must have the agility and stamina to perform the dance and marching with their instrument.
Gendang beleq can be performed during life-cycle ceremonies, such as celebration of birth, circumcision, wedding and funeral. It can also be performed in a ceremony to invoke rainfall or in a celebrations for national holidays.[6]
In Sasak wedding, gendang beleq performance is part of the nyongkolan ceremony, where the family of the groom went in a parade to the bride's house to bring her to the location of the marriage ceremony.[1]
The West Nusa Tenggara provincial government held "The Master of Gendang Beleq" competition where gendang beleq players compete to decide the best team. It is held in front of Governor office in Mataram, Lombok.[7]
Outside Lombok, the performance is popular among migrant Sasak in other islands of Indonesia, such as in the neighbouring Sumbawa Island.[8]
See also
References
- ^ a b Thomasson-Croll, Mary Justice (2010). Frommer's Bali & Lombok. Frommer's. p. 305. ISBN 0470497769, 9780470497760.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ Lombok pulau perawan: sejarah dan masa depannya. Kuning Mas. 1992. p. 85.
{{cite book}}:|first=missing|last=(help) - ^ a b c d e f Harnish, David D. (2006). Bridges to the ancestors: music, myth, and cultural politics at an Indonesian festival. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 082482914X, 9780824829148.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ a b c d "Gendang Beleq, Si Gendang Besar". Indosiar.
{{cite web}}:|first=missing|last=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Harnish, David (2005). "New Lines, Shifting Identities: Interpreting Change at the Lingsar Festival in Lombok, Indonesia". Ethnomusicology. 49 (1). University of Illinois Press: 1–24.
- ^ a b c Miller, Terry E. (2008). The Garland handbook of Southeast Asian music. Routledge. pp. PA401. ISBN 0415960754, 9780415960755.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ "Ribuan Penabuh Ikuti The Master of Gendang Beleq". Global FM Lombok. June 13, 2010.
- ^ "Parade Budaya Peringati Hut Kota Bima". Liputan 6. April 08, 2011.
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