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In the context of the Indian Constitution, local government bodies are the subject of the State List and are thereby governed by State Statutes, or in the case of [[Union Territories]], by the [[Parliament of India|Union Parliament]]. Federal recognition of local government was substantively expressed in the 74th Constitution Amendment Act of 1992.
In the context of the Indian Constitution, local government bodies are the subject of the State List and are thereby governed by State Statutes, or in the case of [[Union Territories]], by the [[Parliament of India|Union Parliament]]. Federal recognition of local government was substantively expressed in the 74th Constitution Amendment Act of 1992.

The States have been grouped into five zones having an Advisory Council 'to develop the habit of cooperative working” among these States.
Five Zonal Councils were set up vide Part-III of the States Re-organisation Act, 1956. The present composition of each of these Zonal Councils is as under:

The Northern Zonal Council, comprising the States of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, National Capital Territory of Delhi and Union Territory of Chandigarh;
The Central Zonal Council, comprising the States of Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh;
The Eastern Zonal Council, comprising the States of Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Sikkim and West Bengal;
The Western Zonal Council, comprising the States of Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra and the Union Territories of Daman & Diu and Dadra & Nagar Haveli; and
The Southern Zonal Council, comprising the States of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and the Union Territory of Puducherry.


== Structure ==
== Structure ==

Revision as of 10:41, 28 May 2011

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The Administrative divisions of India are Indian subnational administrative units; they compose a nested hierarchy of country subdivisions. Indian states and territories frequently use different local titles for the same level of subdivision (e.g., the mandals of Andhra Pradesh correspond to tehsils of Uttar Pradesh and other Hindi-speaking states and taluka of Gujarat and Maharashtra).

The smaller subdivisions (villages and blocks) exist only in rural areas. In urban areas Urban Local Bodies exist instead of these rural subdivisions.

In the context of the Indian Constitution, local government bodies are the subject of the State List and are thereby governed by State Statutes, or in the case of Union Territories, by the Union Parliament. Federal recognition of local government was substantively expressed in the 74th Constitution Amendment Act of 1992.

The States have been grouped into five zones having an Advisory Council 'to develop the habit of cooperative working” among these States. Five Zonal Councils were set up vide Part-III of the States Re-organisation Act, 1956. The present composition of each of these Zonal Councils is as under: 

   The Northern Zonal Council, comprising the States of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, National Capital Territory of Delhi and Union Territory of Chandigarh;
   The Central Zonal Council, comprising the States of Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh;
   The Eastern Zonal Council, comprising the States of Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Sikkim and West Bengal;
   The Western Zonal Council, comprising the States of Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra and the Union Territories of Daman & Diu and Dadra & Nagar Haveli; and
   The Southern Zonal Council, comprising the States of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and the Union Territory of Puducherry.

Structure

Note: The State Government box in the diagram stands for both the Governments of States and Union Territories of India.

municipal setup by state in India

States and union territories

Main article: States and territories of India

India is composed of 28 states and 7 union territories (including a national capital territory).[1] The union territories are governed by administrators, appointed by the President of India. Two of the territories (Delhi and Puducherry) have been given partial statehood, with elected legislatures and executive councils of ministers, but limited powers.

States
Number State Code Capital
1 Andhra Pradesh AP Hyderabad
2 Arunachal Pradesh AR Itanagar
3 Assam AS Dispur
4 Bihar BR Patna
5 Chhattisgarh CG Raipur
6 Goa GA Panaji
7 Gujarat GJ Gandhinagar
8 Haryana HR Chandigarh
9 Himachal Pradesh HP Shimla
10 Jammu and Kashmir JK Srinagar
11 Jharkhand JH Ranchi
12 Karnataka KA Bangalore
13 Kerala KL Thiruvananthapuram
14 Madhya Pradesh MP Bhopal
15 Maharashtra MH Mumbai
16 Manipur MN Imphal
17 Meghalaya ML Shillong
18 Mizoram MZ Aizawl
19 Nagaland NL Kohima
20 Orissa OR Bhubaneswar
21 Punjab PB Chandigarh
22 Rajasthan RJ Jaipur
23 Sikkim SK Gangtok
24 Tamil Nadu TN Chennai
25 Tripura TR Agartala
26 Uttar Pradesh UP Lucknow
27 Uttarakhand UK Dehradun
28 West Bengal WB Kolkata
Union territories
Number Union territory Code Capital
A Andaman and Nicobar Islands AN Port Blair
B Chandigarh CH Chandigarh
C Dadra and Nagar Haveli DN Silvassa
D Daman and Diu DD Daman
E Lakshadweep LD Kavaratti
F National Capital Territory ND New Delhi
G Puducherry PY Puducherry
See also:
List of states and union territories of India by population (area can also be found)
Official languages of India#Languages currently used In Indian states and union territories

Regions

The States of India are divided into regions. The Regions of India are not official administrative divisions. They have no official administrative governmental status. They are purely geographic regions; some correspond to historic countries, states or provinces. A region may comprise one or more divisions, averaging about three divisions per region. However, the boundaries of the regions and the boundaries of the divisions do not always coincide exactly. So far there has been no movement to give the regions official administrative status. If this were to be done, it would presumably require that the boundaries of the regions be slightly modified so that they correspond exactly with their constituent districts.

Divisions (Super-Districts)

Indian states are subdivided into divisions each comprising several districts:

Districts

Main article: Districts of India

States and territories (or divisions) are further subdivided in Districts (zilla), of which there are 604.[2]

Districts in the states:

Districts in Territories:

Sub-divisions

In certain states districts are further divided into Sub-Divisions, (pargana, anuvibhag, mahakuma), which comprise several blocks. States with Sub-Divisions include Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.

Tehsils (Sub-Districts)

Tehsils, talukas, blocks or mandals (sub-districts), headed by a Tehsildar or Talukdar, comprise several villages or village clusters. The governmental bodies at the Tehsil level are called the panchayat samiti.

Block

The block is the next level of administrative division after the tehsil.

Hobli

A hobli is a subdivision of a taluka which groups adjoining villages in the state of Karnataka. They may have been made for administrative purposes by the revenue department of the state.

Villages

Villages are often the lowest level of subdivisions in India. The governmental bodies at the village level are called Gram Panchayat, of which there were an estimated 256,000 in 2002. Each Gram Panchayat covers a large village or a cluster of smaller villages with a combined population exceeding 500 (Gram Group). Clusters of villages are also sometimes called Hobli.

Habitations

Certain governmental functions and activities - including clean water availability, rural development, and education - are tracked at a sub-village level.[3] These hamlets are termed "habitations". India is composed of approximately 1.6 million habitations.[4] In some states, most villages have a single habitation; in others (notably Kerala and Tripura) there is a high ratio of habitations to villages.[5]

Municipalities

Municipalities of India are governed by Municipal Corporations (Mahanagar Paalika) for large urban areas, Municipal Council (Nagar Paalika) for smaller urban areas, and Town Councils (Nagar Panchayats) for suburban areas. Municipalities can be as large as a district or smaller than a Tehsil.

Historic

See also

References

  1. ^ [1] States and Union Territories of India - Source - Government of India Official Website
  2. ^ [2] Statewise Districts list in India - Source - Government of India
  3. ^ Indian Department of Drinking Water Supply
  4. ^ Indian Department of Drinking Water Supply
  5. ^ Indian Department of Education

Template:Administration in India by state or territory

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