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The '''Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation''' (IHME) is a research institution working in the area of [[global health]] statistics and evaluation. The institute is affiliated with the [[University of Washington Department of Global Health|Department of Global Health]], which is part of the [[University of Washington School of Medicine|School of Medicine]] and the [[University of Washington School of Public Health|School of Public Health]] at the [[University of Washington in Seattle]], and is headed by [[Christopher Murray|Dr. Christopher J.L. Murray]]. IHME's goal as expressed by Dr. Murray on the Institute's website is to concentrate on three main questions: "What are the world's major health problems? How well is society addressing these problems? How do we best dedicate resources to maximize health improvement?" <ref>IHME (2011). “Institute for Heath Metrics and Evaluation Research”. IHME. http://http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/research. Retrieved June 27, 2011</ref>" IHME conducts research and trains scientists, policymakers, and the public in health metrics concepts, methods, and tools, and its work includes judging the effectiveness and efficacy of treatments and national health systems. IHME's work seeks to be complimentary to the [[United Nations']] work in the [[World Health Organization]] in that it shares many tasks, but is independent from pressure from member countries<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/16/science/16malaria.html |title=Gates Foundation’s Influence Criticized |first=Donald |last=McNiel |work=New York Times |accessdate=May 9, 2010 | date=February 16, 2008}}</ref>
The '''Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation''' (IHME) is a research institution working in the area of [[global health]] statistics and evaluation. The institute is affiliated with the [[University of Washington Department of Global Health|Department of Global Health]], which is part of the [[University of Washington School of Medicine|School of Medicine]] and the [[University of Washington School of Public Health|School of Public Health]] at the [[University of Washington in Seattle]], and is headed by [[Christopher Murray|Dr. Christopher J.L. Murray]]. IHME's goal as expressed by Dr. Murray on the Institute's website is to concentrate on three main questions: "What are the world's major health problems? How well is society addressing these problems? How do we best dedicate resources to maximize health improvement?" <ref>IHME (2011). “Institute for Heath Metrics and Evaluation Research”. IHME. http://http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/research. Retrieved June 27, 2011</ref>" IHME conducts research and trains scientists, policymakers, and the public in health metrics concepts, methods, and tools, and its work includes judging the effectiveness and efficacy of treatments and national health systems. IHME's work seeks to be complimentary to the [[United Nations']] work in the [[World Health Organization]] in that it shares many tasks but is independent from pressure from member countries<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/16/science/16malaria.html |title=Gates Foundation’s Influence Criticized |first=Donald |last=McNiel |work=New York Times |accessdate=May 9, 2010 | date=February 16, 2008}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite news |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2004336312_healthstats09m.html |title=Seattle institute aims to help cure world-health data disorder |first=Sandi |last=Doughton |work=Seattle Times |accessdate=May 9, 2010 | date=April 9, 2008}}</ref>.
<ref>{{cite news |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2004336312_healthstats09m.html |title=Seattle institute aims to help cure world-health data disorder |first=Sandi |last=Doughton |work=Seattle Times |accessdate=May 9, 2010 | date=April 9, 2008}}</ref>.


IHME gathers health-related data from all available sources. It develops innovative analytical tools to track trends in mortality, disease, and risk factors. It evaluates interventions such as vaccines, malaria control policies, cancer screenings, and birth care. To enable researchers to replicate IHME’s work and to foster new research, IHME created the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) where methods and results are cataloged and freely accessible. IHME is also committed to expanding the field of health metrics by training students at the post-baccalaureate and post-graduate levels.
IHME gathers health-related data from all available sources. It develops innovative analytical tools to track trends in mortality, diseases, and risk factors. It evaluates interventions such as vaccines, malaria control policies, cancer screenings, and birth care. To enable researchers to replicate IHME’s work and to foster new research, IHME created the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) where methods and results are cataloged and freely accessible. IHME is also committed to expanding the field of health metrics by training students at the post-baccalaureate and post-graduate levels.


==History==
==History==
IHME was launched in June of 2007 based on a core grant primarily funded by the [[Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation]],<ref name="core grant">{{cite web |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/318405_metrics05.html |title=$105 million Gates' gift helps start global health center |first=Tom |last=Paulson |year=2007 |work=Seattle PI |accessdate=May 9, 2010}}</ref>. This grant of $105 million was given to the University of Washington in Seattle after Microsoft co-founder Larry Ellison's pledge of $115 million to Harvard for the founding of a similar institution fell through<ref name="Ellison">{{cite web |url=http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-06-21-ellison-harvard_x.htm |title=Harvard still hasn't gotten Ellison's $115M pledged last year |year=2006 |work=USA Today |accessdate=April 14, 2011}}</ref>. Among their earliest projects was to produce new estimates of mortality rates. Members of the institute published under-5 mortality rates in the Lancet in September of 2007<ref name="u52007">Murray CJL, Laakso T, Shibuya K, Hill K, Lopez AD. Can we achieve Millennium Development Goal 4? New analysis of country trends and forecasts of under-5 mortality to 2015. The Lancet. 2007 Sept 22; 370:1040–1054.</ref> and the institute updated these in 2010<ref name="u52010">Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Flaxman AD, Wang H, Levin-Rector A, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. Neonatal, postneonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4. The Lancet. 2010 May 24; 375:1988–2008. </ref>. Maternal<ref name="mmr">Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, Ahn SY, Wang M, Makela SM, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Murray CJL. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. The Lancet. 2010 May 8; 375:1609–1623.</ref> and adult mortality<ref name="adultmort">Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Levin-Rector A, Chalupka AN, Wang H, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. Worldwide mortality in men and women aged 15–59 years from 1970 to 2010: a systematic analysis. The Lancet. 2010 Apr 30; 375:1704–1720.</ref> estimates have appeared as well.
IHME was launched in June of 2007 based on a core grant primarily funded by the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]]<ref name="core grant">{{cite web |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/318405_metrics05.html |title=$105 million Gates' gift helps start global health center |first=Tom |last=Paulson |year=2007 |work=Seattle PI |accessdate=May 9, 2010}}</ref>. This grant of $105 million was given to the University of Washington in Seattle after Microsoft co-founder Larry Ellison's pledge of $115 million to Harvard for the founding of a similar institution fell through<ref name="Ellison">{{cite web |url=http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-06-21-ellison-harvard_x.htm |title=Harvard still hasn't gotten Ellison's $115M pledged last year |year=2006 |work=USA Today |accessdate=April 14, 2011}}</ref>. Among their earliest projects was to produce new estimates of mortality rates. Members of the institute published under-5 mortality rates in the Lancet in September of 2007<ref name="u52007">Murray CJL, Laakso T, Shibuya K, Hill K, Lopez AD. Can we achieve Millennium Development Goal 4? New analysis of country trends and forecasts of under-5 mortality to 2015. The Lancet. 2007 Sept 22; 370:1040–1054.</ref> and the institute updated these in 2010<ref name="u52010">Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Flaxman AD, Wang H, Levin-Rector A, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. Neonatal, postneonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4. The Lancet. 2010 May 24; 375:1988–2008. </ref>. Maternal<ref name="mmr">Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, Ahn SY, Wang M, Makela SM, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Murray CJL. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. The Lancet. 2010 May 8; 375:1609–1623.</ref> and adult mortality<ref name="adultmort">Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Levin-Rector A, Chalupka AN, Wang H, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. Worldwide mortality in men and women aged 15–59 years from 1970 to 2010: a systematic analysis. The Lancet. 2010 Apr 30; 375:1704–1720.</ref> estimates have appeared as well.


The first board meeting was April 9, 2008, along with a public open house. The board at that time included Chair [[Julio Frenk]], Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health; [[Harvey Fineberg]], President of the Institute of Medicine; [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]], former Prime Minister of Norway; Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the Minister of Health for Ethiopia; Srinath Reddy, President of the [[Public Health Foundation of India]]; Tomris Turmen, President of the International Children’s Center and Head of the Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine at the University of Ankara Medical School in Ankara, Turkey; Lincoln Chen, President of the China Medical Board; Jane Halton, Secretary of the [[Department of Health and Ageing]] in Australia; and David Roux, Co-Chief Executive of [[Silver Lake Partners]]. Board member positions rotate and in 2010, Ghebreyesus and Brundtland stepped down and [[Peter Piot]], Director of the [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]], and [[Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih]], the Minister of Health for Indonesia, joined the IHME board.
The first board meeting was April 9, 2008, along with a public open house. The board at that time included Chair [[Julio Frenk]], Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health; [[Harvey Fineberg]], President of the Institute of Medicine; [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]], former Prime Minister of Norway; Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the Minister of Health for Ethiopia; Srinath Reddy, President of the [[Public Health Foundation of India]]; Tomris Turmen, President of the International Children’s Center and Head of the Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine at the University of Ankara Medical School in Ankara, Turkey; Lincoln Chen, President of the China Medical Board; Jane Halton, Secretary of the [[Department of Health and Ageing]] in Australia; and David Roux, Co-Chief Executive of [[Silver Lake Partners]]. Board member positions rotate and in 2010, Ghebreyesus and Brundtland stepped down and [[Peter Piot]], Director of the [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]], and [[Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih]], the Minister of Health for Indonesia, joined the IHME board.

Revision as of 00:29, 28 June 2011

Digitcomme/sample
AbbreviationIHME
Formation2007
TypeGlobal health research institute
Headquarters2301 5th Ave, Suite 600
Location
Websitewww.healthmetricsandevaluation.org

The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) is a research institution working in the area of global health statistics and evaluation. The institute is affiliated with the Department of Global Health, which is part of the School of Medicine and the School of Public Health at the University of Washington in Seattle, and is headed by Dr. Christopher J.L. Murray. IHME's goal as expressed by Dr. Murray on the Institute's website is to concentrate on three main questions: "What are the world's major health problems? How well is society addressing these problems? How do we best dedicate resources to maximize health improvement?" [1]" IHME conducts research and trains scientists, policymakers, and the public in health metrics concepts, methods, and tools, and its work includes judging the effectiveness and efficacy of treatments and national health systems. IHME's work seeks to be complimentary to the United Nations' work in the World Health Organization in that it shares many tasks but is independent from pressure from member countries[2] [3].

IHME gathers health-related data from all available sources. It develops innovative analytical tools to track trends in mortality, diseases, and risk factors. It evaluates interventions such as vaccines, malaria control policies, cancer screenings, and birth care. To enable researchers to replicate IHME’s work and to foster new research, IHME created the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) where methods and results are cataloged and freely accessible. IHME is also committed to expanding the field of health metrics by training students at the post-baccalaureate and post-graduate levels.

History

IHME was launched in June of 2007 based on a core grant primarily funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation[4]. This grant of $105 million was given to the University of Washington in Seattle after Microsoft co-founder Larry Ellison's pledge of $115 million to Harvard for the founding of a similar institution fell through[5]. Among their earliest projects was to produce new estimates of mortality rates. Members of the institute published under-5 mortality rates in the Lancet in September of 2007[6] and the institute updated these in 2010[7]. Maternal[8] and adult mortality[9] estimates have appeared as well.

The first board meeting was April 9, 2008, along with a public open house. The board at that time included Chair Julio Frenk, Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health; Harvey Fineberg, President of the Institute of Medicine; Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Prime Minister of Norway; Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the Minister of Health for Ethiopia; Srinath Reddy, President of the Public Health Foundation of India; Tomris Turmen, President of the International Children’s Center and Head of the Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine at the University of Ankara Medical School in Ankara, Turkey; Lincoln Chen, President of the China Medical Board; Jane Halton, Secretary of the Department of Health and Ageing in Australia; and David Roux, Co-Chief Executive of Silver Lake Partners. Board member positions rotate and in 2010, Ghebreyesus and Brundtland stepped down and Peter Piot, Director of the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, and Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih, the Minister of Health for Indonesia, joined the IHME board.

Research

IHME's research is split into four areas, each of which has numerous research teams. The areas are: innovative measurement systems, maximizing impact, measuring health, and tracking performance. Recent research has included small area estimation of diabetes rates in the United States[10], and a large study of how global health is financed, which focused on development assistance for health in a 2009 publication[11] and public financing in a 2010 publication[12]. IHME has also worked with other organizations on major projects. For example, IHME’s malaria team helped create the 2010 WHO World Malaria Report, generating all the estimates for insecticide-treated nets[13].

In 2009, IHME launched its series of Financing Global Health policy reports [11][12] . The report led to meetings with staff from the U.S. House Foreign Affairs Committee and with a task force appointed by U.S. President Barack Obama to guide the funding of his new Global Health Initiative.

In 2010, IHME had an unprecedented level of research output and media coverage in the span of a few months with three papers related to mortality and one paper about public financing of health programs.

In 2011, IHME co-sponsored the first Global Health Metrics & Evaluation conference in Seattle with The Lancet, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Harvard School of Public Health, and University of Queensland School of Population Health.

Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx)

In March of 2011, IHME launched the Global Health Data Exchange (or GHDx), which indexes and hosts information about microdata, aggregated data, and research results with a focus on health-related and demographic datasets. At launch, the site listed about 1,000 data sets. The site includes visualization and GIS tools, and has been well received by the health and global health community[14]

Faculty

IHME faculty teach classes as part of the University of Washington Department of Global Health. The Institute is headed by Dr. Christopher J.L. Murray. Other faculty include: Jed Blore, Lalit Dandona, Majid Ezzati, Abraham Flaxman, Emmanuela Gakidou, Michael Hanlon, Santosh Kumar, Stephen Lim, Alan Lopez, Rafael Lozano, Ali Mokdad, Mohsen Naghavi, Julie Rajaratnam, and Haidong Wang.

Funders

IHME receives core grant funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation[4] and the state of Washington. It also has received grant funding from The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute on Aging, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Association of Schools of Public Health and the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation.[15]

Projects

In the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2010 IHME is attempting to measure the impact of more than 200 health conditions and 40 health risk factors. In collaboration with 800 researchers worldwide, IHME intends to produce estimates in 21 regions around the world for disability-adjusted life years by age and sex for the past two decades. Part of this research involves conducting in-person surveys in several countries and gathering health information through a website survey.

The Disease Control Priorities Network Project is generating cost-effectiveness estimates for a range of health interventions. A team of demographers, statisticians, economists, and other experts are studying how to improve the allocation of resources among interventions, technologies, hospitals, and other service delivery platforms. They are working in multiple countries, including the US, India, and South Africa.

Through the Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Project, IHME and its collaborators are creating new methods for tracking health intervention coverage in low-resource settings. The methods would be used to measure mortality, causes of death, and incidence of major illnesses where data are incomplete. Researchers are working in the Philippines, India, Tanzania, and Mexico.

The Malaria Control Policy Assessment Project evaluates the effectiveness of malaria-control interventions in two countries in sub-Saharan Africa by analyzing their effect on child mortality and producing estimates at the national and local levels.

IHME also conducts extensive US Research, including estimates of mortality, life expectancy, risk factors, health disparities, and disease prevalence. IHME is compiling national and local health trends and integrating multiple data sources to monitor disparities in chronic diseases. It also is measuring effective coverage in all Washington state counties.

Educational Programs

IHME works to expand the field of health metrics by offering lectures, workshops, and training programs for researchers, policymakers, and journalists.

Coursework

Undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Washington can take classes in an array of population health topics from IHME faculty members. The demand for special training in IHME methods was so strong that the University of Washington Department of Global Health created a Health Metrics and Evaluation track in its Master of Public Health program.

Fellowships

Every year, IHME receives more than 500 applications to fill fewer than 20 openings for Post-Bachelor and Post-Graduate Fellows. The fellows come from diverse backgrounds, such as economics, engineering, and computer science. Most are from the US, but every cohort includes a sizeable number from outside the US, including fellows from Iran, France, China, Japan, and Kenya. While at IHME, fellows have co-authored papers on child mortality, adult mortality, maternal mortality, and development assistance for health, among other topics.

Training

IHME trains researchers from around the world in advanced methods and tools for population health measurement. Through workshops, conferences, and regular seminars, IHME encourages debates. IHME also works closely with policymakers at the local, state, and national levels to teach them key health metrics concepts and to provide timely data to help guide evidence-based policy decisions.

Publications

IHME researchers have had their work published in more than 35 journal articles since the institute’s creation. IHME also has launched an annual series of policy reports about global health financing, and, in June 2010, it published a policy report on child and maternal mortality. There is a list of publications at IHME’s website.

References

  1. ^ IHME (2011). “Institute for Heath Metrics and Evaluation Research”. IHME. http://http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/research. Retrieved June 27, 2011
  2. ^ McNiel, Donald (February 16, 2008). "Gates Foundation's Influence Criticized". New York Times. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  3. ^ Doughton, Sandi (April 9, 2008). "Seattle institute aims to help cure world-health data disorder". Seattle Times. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  4. ^ a b Paulson, Tom (2007). "$105 million Gates' gift helps start global health center". Seattle PI. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  5. ^ "Harvard still hasn't gotten Ellison's $115M pledged last year". USA Today. 2006. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  6. ^ Murray CJL, Laakso T, Shibuya K, Hill K, Lopez AD. Can we achieve Millennium Development Goal 4? New analysis of country trends and forecasts of under-5 mortality to 2015. The Lancet. 2007 Sept 22; 370:1040–1054.
  7. ^ Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Flaxman AD, Wang H, Levin-Rector A, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. Neonatal, postneonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4. The Lancet. 2010 May 24; 375:1988–2008.
  8. ^ Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, Ahn SY, Wang M, Makela SM, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Murray CJL. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. The Lancet. 2010 May 8; 375:1609–1623.
  9. ^ Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Levin-Rector A, Chalupka AN, Wang H, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. Worldwide mortality in men and women aged 15–59 years from 1970 to 2010: a systematic analysis. The Lancet. 2010 Apr 30; 375:1704–1720.
  10. ^ Srebotnjak T, Mokdad AH, Murray CJL. A novel framework for validating and applying standardized small area measurement strategies. Population Health Metrics. 2010; 8:26.
  11. ^ a b Ravishankar N, Gubbins P, Cooley RJ, Leach-Kemon K, Michaud CM, Jamison DT, Murray CJL. Financing of global health: tracking development assistance for health from 1990 to 2007. The Lancet. 2009 Jun 20; 373:2113–2124.
  12. ^ a b Lu C, Schneider MT, Gubbins P, Leach-Kemon K, Jamison D, Murray CJL. Public financing of health in developing countries: a cross-national systematic analysis. The Lancet. 2010 Apr 17; 375:1375–1387.
  13. ^ "WHO: World Malaria Report 2010". World Health Organization. 2010. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  14. ^ Van Dam, Andrew (2011). "Institute launches global health data clearinghouse". Association of Health Care Journalists. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  15. ^ Ravishankar, Nirmala et al (2008). “PHIT Partnership Implementation Research Framework”. Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. http://www.ddcf.org/doris_duke_files/download_files/080225DDCFIRFramework.pdf. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
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