Mollusc eye: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Scallop eyes.jpg|thumb|right|Scallops have up to 100 simple |
[[File:Scallop eyes.jpg|thumb|right|Scallops have up to 100 simple eyes]] |
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The [[mollusc]]s have the widest variety of [[eye]] morphologies of any [[phylum]],<ref name='Serb2008'>{{cite doi | 10.1007/s12052-008-0084-1 }}</ref> and a large degree of variation in their function. Cephalopods' eyes are as complex as those of vertebrates; [[scallop]]s have up to 100 [[simple eye]]s;<ref>Land MF and Fernald RD (1992) [http://redwood.berkeley.edu/vs265/landfernald92.pdf "The evolution of eyes"] ''Annual review of neuroscience,'' '''15''': 1–29.</ref> and some bivalves have compound eyes.<ref>{{Cite journal |
The [[mollusc]]s have the widest variety of [[eye]] morphologies of any [[phylum]],<ref name='Serb2008'>{{cite doi | 10.1007/s12052-008-0084-1 }}</ref> and a large degree of variation in their function. Cephalopods' eyes are as complex as those of vertebrates; [[scallop]]s have up to 100 [[simple eye]]s;<ref>Land MF and Fernald RD (1992) [http://redwood.berkeley.edu/vs265/landfernald92.pdf "The evolution of eyes"] ''Annual review of neuroscience,'' '''15''': 1–29.</ref> and some bivalves have compound eyes.<ref>{{Cite journal |
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Revision as of 17:21, 4 October 2011
The molluscs have the widest variety of eye morphologies of any phylum,[1] and a large degree of variation in their function. Cephalopods' eyes are as complex as those of vertebrates; scallops have up to 100 simple eyes;[2] and some bivalves have compound eyes.[3]
Diversity
Eyes have evolved independently between seven and eleven times in the molluscs, which goes some way to explain the diversity of eye types observed. Molluscs have eyes of all levels of complexity, from the pit eyes of many gastropods, to the pinhole eyes of the Nautilus, to the lensed eyes of the cephalopods. Compound eyes are present in some bivalves, and reflective 'mirrors' have been innovated by other lineages.[which?][1] As well as complexity, the eyes of molluscs span a huge range in size; they may be from 20 µm to 27 cm across.[1]
Anatomy
Gastropods and cephalopods have paired eyes on their heads (and sometimes tails),[1] but many molluscs do not have clear head regions in which to locate the eyes. Consequently, many molluscs may have a multitude of eyes in more unlikely places, such as along the edge of their shell.[1] Chitons have a dispersed network of tiny eyes over the surface of their shells which may act together as a compound eye.[1] Many gastropods have stalked eyes; the eye can be retracted into the stalk itself in the presence of danger.[1]
See also
- Arthropod eye
- Mollusc eye
- Parietal eye
- Sensory organs of gastropods
- Simple eye in invertebrates
- Vision in fish
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi: 10.1007/s12052-008-0084-1 , please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with
|doi= 10.1007/s12052-008-0084-1instead. - ^ Land MF and Fernald RD (1992) "The evolution of eyes" Annual review of neuroscience, 15: 1–29.
- ^ Ritchie, Alexander (1985). "Ainiktozoon loganense Scourfield, a protochordate? from the Silurian of Scotland". Alcheringa. 9: 137. doi:10.1080/03115518508618961.