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Revision as of 04:53, 11 October 2011
Alice Boughton (14 May 1866 or 1867 – 21 June 1943) was an early 20th century American photographer known for her photographs of many literary and theatrical figures of her time. She was a Fellow of Alfred Stieglitz's Photo-Secession, a circle of highly creative and influential photographers whose artistic efforts succeeded in raising photography to a fine art form.
Life
Alice Boughton was born in Brooklyn, New York, USA, on 14 May 1866 or 1867.[1][2] Her parents were Frances Ayres and William H. Boughton, a lawyer in New York.[3]
In the 1880s, Boughton began studying art and photography at the Pratt School of Art and Design. It was there that she met fellow student Gertrude Käsebier, with whom she later studied in Paris. Käsebier also employed her an assistant in her studio, mostly likely at the same time Boughton was studying at Pratt.[4]
In 1890, she opened her own portrait studio on East 23rd Street in New York, which she maintained for the next forty years. In 1904, she sent a letter to William Butler Yeats that listed a studio address on Madison Avenue, indicating that she established or used more than one studio for at least a brief period.[1]
Around 1901, Boughton studied art in Rome and photography in Paris, where she worked in Käsebier’s summer studio. She won an honorable mention for her work at the Turn International Decorative and Fine Arts Exhibition in 1902.[3]
It is not known when she met Alfred Stieglitz, but it is clear he knew of and admired her work by 1902 when he included two of her works in the inaugural exhibition at his Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession in New York City. Four years later, in 1906, Boughton was appointed by Stieglitz as a Fellow of the Photo-Secession. The following year Stieglitz gave her, along with fellow photographers C. Yarnall Abbot and William B. Dyer, an exhibition at the Little Galleries. In 1909 she had six of her photographs and an essay called “Photography, A Medium of Expression” published in Stieglitz’s journal Camera Work (No 26, April, 1909).
During this same period, her photographs were included in major exhibitions around the world, including shows in London, Paris, Vienna, The Hague and New York.[3]
Boughton became one of the most distinguished portrait photographers of New York, although she did many landscapes in this country and Europe including the famous Rockefeller estate Kykuit at Pocantico Hills, New York. She also produced studies of children, particularly of her own two daughters, as well as female nudes in allegorical or natural settings. [5] Among her more famous works are portraits of Eugene O’Neill, Albert Pinkham Ryder, George Arliss and Robert Louis Stevenson. Her portrait of Robert Louis Stevenson was an inspiration for John Singer Sargent's own portrait of the writer.[6]
From at least 1920 until her death, Boughton shared her residences with artist and art teacher Ida Haskell (1861–1932). Haskell is known to have been an instructor at Pratt while Käsebier and Boughton studied there.[7] When Boughton traveled to Europe in 1926, Haskell accompanied her on the trip.[1] The exact nature of their relationship is unknown.
In 1931, Boughton closed her studio and discarded thousands of prints.[3] She moved permanently to the home in Brookhaven, Long Island, that she shared with Haskell.
Boughton died of pneumonia on 21 June 1943.
Her works are in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the British National Portrait Gallery, the U.S. National Portrait Gallery, the George Eastman House and other important museums.[citation needed]
Work and publications
A collection of her portraits, Photographing the Famous, was published in 1928, and included such luminaries as William Butler Yeats, Julia Ward Howe, Henry James, Walter de la Mare, G. K. Chesterton, Maxim Gorky, John Burroughs, Ruth St. Denis, Eleanora Duse and Yvette Guilbert.[citation needed]
Her work was also published in Camera Work in 1909.[8]
- Boughton, Alice (1928). Photographing the Famous. New York: Avondale Press.
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References
- ^ a b c "Entry for Alice Boughton, in The Hamlet People web site". Retrieved 2008-11-23.
- ^ "Obituary for Alice Boughton, in Photographer site". Retrieved 2008-11-23.
- ^ a b c d Weston Naef (1978). The Collection of Alfred Stieglitz: Fifty Pioneers of Modern Photography. NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 275–77–88.
- ^ Barbara L. Michaels (1992). Gertrude Käsebier, The Photographer and Her Photographs. NY: Abrams. p. 55.
- ^ "Alice Boughton (1865-1943)". Retrieved 2008-06-10.
- ^ "John Singer Sargent and Robert Louis Stevenson". Archived from the original on 2007-12-18. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
- ^ Judith Fryer Davidov and Donald Pease (1998). Women’s Camera Work: Self/Body/Other in American Visual Culture. Duke University Press. p. 403.
- ^ "Vernacular Photography". Retrieved 2008-06-10.