Morchellaceae: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
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| name = Morchellaceae |
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| image = Morchella esculenta 2.jpg |
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| image_caption = ''[[Morchella conica]]'' |
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| image_wdith =240px |
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| regnum = [[Fungus|Fungi]] |
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| phylum = [[Ascomycota]] |
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| classis = [[Ascomycetes]] |
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| ordo = [[Pezizales]] |
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| familia = '''Morchellaceae''' |
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| familia_authority = [[Ludwig Reichenbach|Rchb.]] (1834) |
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| type_genus = ''Morchella'' |
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| type_genus_authority = [[Johann Jacob Dillenius|Dill.]] ex [[Christian Hendrik Persoon|Pers.]] (1794) |
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| subdivision_ranks = [[genus (biology)|Genera]] |
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| subdivision =''[[Costantinella]]'' (anamorph)<br> |
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''[[Disciotis]]''<br> |
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''[[Morchella]]''<br> |
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''[[Verpa]]'' |
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The '''Morchellaceae''' are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Ascomycota|ascomycete]] fungi. According to a standard reference work, the family contains 49 [[species]] distributed among 4 [[genera]].<ref name=Kirk2008/> The best-known members are the highly-regarded and commercially picked true [[morel]]s of the genus ''[[Morchella]]'', the thimble morels of the genus ''[[Verpa]]'', and a genus of cup-shaped fungi ''[[Disciotis]]''. |
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Analysis of the [[ribosomal DNA]] of many of the [[Pezizales]] showed the three genera ''Verpa'' , ''Morchella'', and ''Disciotis'' to be closely related. Thus they are now included in the family Morchellaceae.<ref name=ODonnell1997/> |
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==General description== |
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Other than the [[teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph|anamorph]] genus ''[[Costantinella]]'', the three remaining genera of Morchellaceae are distinguished by [[ascocarp]] morphology. ''[[Morchella]]'' species have an ascocarp with a sponge-like [[Pileus (mycology)|pileus]], with a hollow [[Stipe (mycology)|stipe]] and pileus. ''[[Verpa]]'' species have a cup-like or thimble-shaped, smooth or wrinkled pileus above a hollow [[stipe (mycology)|stipe]]. ''[[Disciotis]]'' has a cup-like pileus with vein-like [[hymenium|hymenial]] folds and a small or nonexistent stipe.<ref name=Bunyard1995/> The [[ascospore]]s are ellipsoid, smooth, and usually [[hyaline]].<ref name=Kimbrough1970/> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist|refs= |
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<ref name=Bunyard1995>{{cite journal |doi=10.1006/emyc.1995.1027 |author=Bunyard BA, Nicholson MS, Royse DJ. |year=1995 |title=Phylogenetic resolution of ''Morchella'', ''Verpa'', and ''Disciotis'' (Pezizales: Morchellaceae) based on restriction enzyme analysis of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene |journal=Experimental Mycology |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=223–33 |pmid=7553270}}</ref> |
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<ref name=Kimbrough1970>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/BF02858958 |author=Kimbrough JW. |year=1970 |title=Current trends in the classification of Discomycetes |journal=Botanical Review |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=91–161}}</ref> |
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<ref name=Kirk2008>{{cite book |author=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford, UK |year=2008 |page=439 |isbn=978-0-85199-826-8}}</ref> |
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<ref name=ODonnell1997>{{cite journal |author=O'Donnell K, Cigelnik E, Weber NS, Trappe JM. |year=1997|title=Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetous truffles and the true and false morels inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis |journal=[[Mycologia]] |volume=89 |issue=1 |pages=48–65 |doi=10.2307/3761172 |url=http://jstor.org/stable/3761172}} {{subscription}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 18:08, 12 November 2011
DER SICK YGM }}