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Revision as of 15:56, 23 November 2011

File:Brian Cowen by maxime.bernier.jpg
Brian Cowen, the Taoiseach of Ireland (2008-2011).

Two oil paintings depicting Brian Cowen, then-Taoiseach (prime minister) of Ireland, in the nude, were briefly displayed in Dublin art galleries in March 2009 as an act of guerilla art.[1] The subsequent reactions of the media, the Garda Síochána (the Irish police force), and politicians have fed together into a sustained controversy nicknamed Portraitgate.[2][3][4]

Portraits

The artist, initially unidentified, was eventually revealed to be Conor Casby, a school teacher in his thirties from Claremorris, County Mayo.[5] The first portrait was surreptitiously hung in the National Gallery of Ireland on 7 March 2009.[6] Casby is said to have entered the National Gallery carrying a shoulder bag,[1] and located a free space for his portrait and its caption among other portraits of prominent Irish people such as Michael Collins, William Butler Yeats, and Bono.[1] Casby then left the building unnoticed by security.[1] The caption which was placed beneath the portrait alluded to Cowen's nickname, "Biffo" (Big ignorant fucker from Offaly), and his time as Ireland's Minister for Finance. It was reported as having read:

Brian Cowen, Politician 1960–2008. This portrait, acquired uncommissioned by the National Gallery, celebrates one of the finest politicians produced by Ireland since the foundation of the state. Following a spell at the helm of the Department of Finance during a period of unprecedented prosperity, Brian Cowen inherited the office of Taoiseach in 2008. Balancing a public image that ranges from fantastically intelligent analytical thinker to Big Ignorant Fucker from Offaly, the Taoiseach proves to be a challenging subject to represent.[1]

The National Gallery called gardaí after it discovered the unauthorised painting. It has claimed that it had been hanging in public view for no more than twenty minutes before it was removed,[5] contradicting the Sunday Tribune's claim that it hung for over an hour.[1]

The following day, 8 March, Casby hung a second painting of Cowen in the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA). A woman attempted to buy the RHA portrait before it was removed.[1][7]

Both paintings[8][9][10] depict Cowen from the waist up, wearing his glasses. In the RHA painting, he is holding a pair of blue and white underpants in his left hand.[1] In the other, he is clutching a toilet roll.[1][11][12]

Media reports

Sunday Tribune reporter Ken Foxe was contacted by a source at the National Gallery on 9 March and was the first to break the story of Cowen's portraits. Subsequently, "Topsy Campbell" (a pseudonym for Casby) sent camera phone photographs of the paintings on display.[7] The incidents were first reported in the Tribune of 22 March.[7][13]

RTÉ

On 23 March, state broadcaster RTÉ ran a report on the hangings at the end of the Nine O'Clock News. The report by Tadhg Enright displayed the paintings, obtained an appraisal (of zero) from an art expert, and mentioned that Cowen was "not thought to have posed for the anonymous artist".[14] The report was not used on subsequent newscasts. On 24 March, the Nine O'Clock News included an apology "for any personal offence caused to Mr Cowen or his family or for any disrespect shown to the office of Taoiseach by [the prior] broadcast."[5][12] The original item was removed from the online archives at RTÉ.ie, and the apology added.[12]

Today FM

On 24 March, The Ray D'Arcy Show on commercial radio station Today FM, covered the story. Producer Will Hanafin revealed that a friend of the artist had e-mailed photographs of a similarly styled painting to him in January, a caricature of the Taoiseach urinating in a full frontal nude pose. This painting has not been displayed publicly.[15] A Garda detective visited the station requesting the emails.[5] The Garda was said to have been "sheepish and apologetic" about the visit but indicated that he had received an order from "on high" to initiate an investigation.[15] Hanafin refused to comply with the Garda request and, being told that a search warrant would be sought,[5][12] labelled the entire affair as "crazy".[15]

Abroad

The incident has been covered by foreign newspapers, including The Times of London.[1]

Online

Blogs and social network services such as Twitter were reported to be popular outlets for members of the general public to express their dissatisfaction at the attempted censorship and apology of RTÉ.[12] A YouTube video of the original RTÉ news report had received more than three thousand views within twenty-four hours.[12] The affair has been nicknamed "Picturegate"[16] and "Cowengate"[17] in online discussions.

Garda investigation

The Garda investigation was said to have taken six hours. The possible crimes were offending decency, incitement to hatred, and criminal damage for nailing the painting to the wall[5][12] (though it has also been reported that paintings were hung without the use of nails[18]) Investigators telephoned Casby and he entered Pearse Street Garda Station where he was interviewed for two hours, admitted to having hung the two paintings and was subsequently released.[6] He gave gardaí five more portraits of other politicians, including Michael McDowell.[5][7] A file was prepared for the director of public prosecutions, but it is expected that no charges will be brought.[5] Casby expressed his desire to "draw an end" to the matter by auctioning the paintings for charity.[5]

Political reaction

The incidents attracted comment from politicians.

The RTÉ News report was criticised as being in bad taste by Fianna Fáil Senators Maria Corrigan and Mary O'Rourke and TDs M. J. Nolan and Michael Kennedy. Fine Gael TD Michael W. D'Arcy called it the "most distasteful report I have seen on RTÉ in years".[14] Kennedy urged consideration for the feelings of Cowen's wife and children, and called on Director-General of RTÉ, Cathal Goan, to resign, but did not advocate charging the artist.[15]

Some suggested the government had put pressure on RTÉ to withdraw the report and apologise, or on Today FM to cooperate with the Garda. The station received several complaints that the report was in bad taste, including one from the government press secretary, Eoghan Ó Neachtain, who claimed he was acting on his own initiative.[12] Fine Gael's Enda Kenny[19] and Charles Flanagan called it a restriction on freedom of expression.[6][20]

Liz McManus of the Labour Party criticised RTÉ for "bow[ing] to political pressure".[20] RTÉ claimed the decision to withdraw the report was taken by RTÉ executives, and that Ó Neachtain's complaint was received after the late-night News on Two had already been broadcast without the report.[12]

Some criticised the Garda investigation as a waste of resources. Frances FitzGerald said it was "over the top"; Rónán Mullen defended it as appropriate.[20] Labour's Joan Burton said "While I sympathise with the Taoiseach and his family, the public has noticed that it took gardaí six months to go into the Anglo Irish Bank."[21]

References

  1. ^ Lord, Miriam (2009-03-26). "No losing sight of the big picture as Portraitgate rumbles on". The Irish Times. p. 10. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  2. ^ Hand, Lise (2009-04-01). "Portraitgate: just who called who is finally laid bare". Irish Independent. p. 18. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  3. ^ Coyle, Colin (29 March 2009). "RTÉ's 'Portrait-gate' apology reopens self-censorship debate". The Times. London. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Cowen artist 'could be charged'". BBC News. 25 March 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
  5. ^ a b c "Teacher questioned over Cowen paintings". RTÉ News. 25 March 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
  6. ^ a b c d Foxe, Ken (29 March 2009). "A stunt, a story, a nut and a hammer". Sunday Tribune.
  7. ^ Paintings on Google
  8. ^ Cowen nude portraits
  9. ^ The Emperor Has No Clothes
  10. ^ "Naked taoiseach paintings removed". BBC News. 24 March 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Gardaí visit radio station in Cowen painting inquiry". The Irish Times. 25 March 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2009.
  12. ^ Foxe, Ken (22 March 2009). "Cowen hung out to dry in National Gallery hijack". Sunday Tribune. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
  13. ^ a b McGreevy, Ronan (26 March 2009). "Cowen not consulted before complaint to RTÉ". The Irish Times. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
  14. ^ a b c d "Today FM producer brands reaction 'crazy'". Irish Examiner. 26 March 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2009.
  15. ^ "Irish internet in uproar over Picturegate censorship". siliconrepublic.com. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
  16. ^ "Cowengate and Freedom of Expression". cearta.ie. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
  17. ^ "Artist behind naughty nudes of Irish PM emerges". CBC News. 2009-03-27.
  18. ^ "Ceann Comhairle exasperated as Kenny fails to see the bigger picture". The Irish Times. 27 March 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
  19. ^ a b c "Opposition slams Govt over portrait pressure". RTÉ News. 26 March 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2009.
  20. ^ "'It took Gardaí six months to go into Anglo Irish': reaction to cowengate". Sunday Tribune. 29 March 2009. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
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