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[[File:Coat of Arms of Shenkursk (Arkhangelsk oblast) (1780).png|right|thumb|Coat of arms of Shenkursk from 1780]]
[[File:Coat of Arms of Shenkursk (Arkhangelsk oblast) (1780).png|right|thumb|Coat of arms of Shenkursk from 1780]]


The area was originally populated by the [[Finno-Ugric peoples]] and then colonized by the [[Novgorod Republic]]. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]]. Historically, it was a part of [[Vazhsky Uyezd]], a vast area including almost all of the river basin of the [[Vaga River|Vaga]]. The chronicles mention [[Shenkursk]] in 1229 as Sheng-Kurye.<ref name="history_shenkursk">{{cite web|url=http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=24|title=МО "Шенкурское" " Справка|publisher=Администрация Шенкурского муниципального района|language=Russian|accessdate=8 June 2011}}</ref> In 1426, [[Varlaam Vazhsky]], who was later beautified as a saint, founded the [[Vazhsky Monastery]]. In the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710|administrative reform]] carried out in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]], the area was included into [[Archangelgorod Governorate]], In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into [[Vologda Viceroyalty]]. Vazhsky Uyezd was split, and the area of the current Shenkursky District became a part of the newly established [[Shenkursky Uyezd]]. In 1796, Shenkursky Uyezd was transferred to [[Arkhangelsk Governorate]].
The area was originally populated by the [[Finno-Ugric peoples]] and then colonized by the [[Novgorod Republic]]. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]]. Historically, it was a part of [[Vazhsky Uyezd]], a vast area including almost all of the river basin of the [[Vaga River|Vaga]]. The chronicles mention [[Shenkursk]] in 1229 as Sheng-Kurye.<ref name="history_shenkursk">{{cite web|url=http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=24|title=МО "Шенкурское" Справка|publisher=Администрация Шенкурского муниципального района|language=Russian|accessdate=8 June 2011}}</ref> In 1426, [[Varlaam Vazhsky]], who was later beautified as a saint, founded the [[Vazhsky Monastery]]. In the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710|administrative reform]] carried out in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]], the area was included into [[Archangelgorod Governorate]], In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into [[Vologda Viceroyalty]]. Vazhsky Uyezd was split, and the area of the current Shenkursky District became a part of the newly established [[Shenkursky Uyezd]]. In 1796, Shenkursky Uyezd was transferred to [[Arkhangelsk Governorate]].


Shenkursk played a prominent role in the [[Russian Civil War]]. In the autumn of 1918, about six thousand British and American troops advanced south of Shenkursk. On January&nbsp;19-25, the Bolshevik troops staged a counteroffensive, known as the [[Battle of Shenkursk]]. Three thousand troops, split into three armies, advancing from three sides, cut Shenkursk off, and moved the [[front (military)|front]] area {{convert|90|km|sp=us}} north of Shenkursk.<ref name="GSE">{{cite book|title=Шенкурская операция 1919|url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article123665.html|publisher=Great Soviet Encyclopedia}}</ref>
Shenkursk played a prominent role in the [[Russian Civil War]]. In the autumn of 1918, about six thousand British and American troops advanced south of Shenkursk. On January&nbsp;19-25, the Bolshevik troops staged a counteroffensive, known as the [[Battle of Shenkursk]]. Three thousand troops, split into three armies, advancing from three sides, cut Shenkursk off, and moved the [[front (military)|front]] area {{convert|90|km|sp=us}} north of Shenkursk.<ref name="GSE">{{cite book|title=Шенкурская операция 1919|url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article123665.html|publisher=Great Soviet Encyclopedia}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:53, 19 December 2011

Shenkursky District
Шенкурский район
District
Flag of Shenkursky District
Flag
Coat of arms of Shenkursky District
Coat of arms
Location of the Shenkursky District (red) within the Arkhangelsk Oblast
Location of the Shenkursky District (red) within the Arkhangelsk Oblast
Coordinates: 62°6′N 42°54′E / 62.100°N 42.900°E / 62.100; 42.900
CountryRussia
Federal subjectArkhangelsk Oblast
EstablishedJuly 15, 1929
Administrative centerShenkursk[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total
11,298 km2 (4,362 sq mi)
Population
 (2010 Census)[3]
 • Total
15,196
 • Density1.3/km2 (3.5/sq mi)
Administrative structure
 • Administrative divisions12 selsoviet
 • Inhabited localities[1]1 cities/towns, 0 Urban-type settlements[4]
Municipal structure
 • Municipally incorporated asVelsky Municipal District[5]
 • Municipal divisions[5]1 urban settlements, 11 rural settlements
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[6])
OKTMO ID11658000
Websitehttp://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=28

Shenkursky District (Template:Lang-ru) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.[7] Municipally, it is incorporated as Shenkursky Municipal District.[5] It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Vinogradovsky District in the north, Verkhnetoyemsky District in the east, Ustyansky District in the southeast, Velsky District in the south, Nyandomsky District in the west, and Plesetsky District in the northwest. Its administrative center is the town of Shenkursk.[1] District's population: 18,680 (2002 Census);[8] 22,597 (1989 Soviet census).[9] Population of Shenkursk accounts for 37.5% of the district's population.[3]

History

Coat of arms of Shenkursk from 1780

The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. Historically, it was a part of Vazhsky Uyezd, a vast area including almost all of the river basin of the Vaga. The chronicles mention Shenkursk in 1229 as Sheng-Kurye.[10] In 1426, Varlaam Vazhsky, who was later beautified as a saint, founded the Vazhsky Monastery. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate, In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty. Vazhsky Uyezd was split, and the area of the current Shenkursky District became a part of the newly established Shenkursky Uyezd. In 1796, Shenkursky Uyezd was transferred to Arkhangelsk Governorate.

Shenkursk played a prominent role in the Russian Civil War. In the autumn of 1918, about six thousand British and American troops advanced south of Shenkursk. On January 19-25, the Bolshevik troops staged a counteroffensive, known as the Battle of Shenkursk. Three thousand troops, split into three armies, advancing from three sides, cut Shenkursk off, and moved the front area 90 kilometers (56 mi) north of Shenkursk.[11]

Shenkursky District remained in Arkhangelsk Governorate until 1929, when several governorates were merged into Northern Krai. On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, and Shenkursky Uyezd was split into Shenkursky, Bereznikovsky, and Rovdinsky Districts. Shenkursky District became a part of Nyandoma Okrug of Northern Krai. Rovdinsky District, with the administration located in Rovdino, existed until 1959 (with a brief break between 1931 and 1935). On September 11, 1959, the district was abolished and split between Shenkursky and Velsky Districts; the district center Rovdino became a part of Shenkursky District.[10]

In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district became subordinate to the central administration of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Shenkursky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.

Location and geography

The Vaga River close to the selo of Rovdino

The district is located in the valley of the Vaga River, a major left tributary of the Northern Dvina. The major tributary of the Vaga is the Led River (left). Some areas in the east, northeast, north, and west of the district drain to various left tributaries of the Northern Dvina. There are many glacial lakes in the district, the biggest of which is Lake Lum.

Most of the district is covered by coniferous forests (taiga). There are meadows in the floodplains of the river valleys, most notably the Vaga's, and swamps.

Divisions

Administrative divisions

Administratively, the district is divided into twelve selsoviets and one urban-type settlement (Shenkursk).[1] The following selsoviets have been established (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):

  • Fedorogorsky (Nikiforovskaya);
  • Mikhaylovsky (Zapakovskaya);
  • Khozminsky (Ispolinovka);
  • Nikolsky (Shipunovskaya);
  • Rovdinsky (Rovdino);
  • Shakhanovsky (Nosovskaya);
  • Shegovarsky (Shegovary);
  • Syumsky (Kulikovskaya);
  • Tarnyansky (Rybogorskaya);
  • Ust-Padengsky (Ust-Padenga);
  • Verkholedsky (Rakovskaya);
  • Verkhopadengsky (Ivanovskoye);
  • Yamskogorsky (Odintsovskaya).

Municipal divisions

Municipally, the district is divided into one urban settlement and eleven rural settlements (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):[5]

Economy

Industry

The basis of the economy of the district is timber industry. There is also food industry, including milk production.[12]

Transport

One of the principal highways in Russia, M8 connecting Moscow and Arkhangelsk, crosses the district from south to north. Shenkursk is located several kilometers east from the highway; however, it lies on the other bank of the Vaga and is only connected with the highway by a ferry crossing. The roads on the right bank of the Vaga are minor.

The Vaga is navigable within the limits of the district, but there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation

The bell-tower of the Ascencion Church in the selo of Yamskogorye.

The district contains four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law, and additionally ninety-four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[13] Most of these are wooden rural houses, churches, and bridges built prior to 1917.

The four objects protected at the federal level include:

  • Bogoslovsky Pogost which is the ensemble consisting of the wooden Church of Three Holy Hierarchs (1782) and the Chapel of St. Varlaam of Vaga (1821), both neglected;[14]
  • The Assumption Church in Sulonda (1667), which burned down in the 1970s.

The only museum in the district is Shenkursky District Museum.[15]

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 11 258», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 11 258, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  2. ^ "Шенкурский район" (in Russian). Двина-Информ. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference 2010Census was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ The count of urban-type settlements may include the work settlements, the resort settlements, the suburban (dacha) settlements, as well as urban-type settlements proper.
  5. ^ a b c d Law #258-vneoch.-OZ
  6. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  7. ^ Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №65-5-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №232-13-ОЗ от 16 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Областные Законы в сфере осуществления местного самоуправления и взаимодействия с некоммерческими организациями». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №43, 6 октября 2009 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #65-5-OZ of September 23, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #232-13-OZ of December 16, 2014 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Dealing with the Process of Municipal Self-Government and Relations with Non-Profit Organizations. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
  8. ^ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  9. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  10. ^ a b "МО "Шенкурское" Справка" (in Russian). Администрация Шенкурского муниципального района. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  11. ^ Шенкурская операция 1919. Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
  12. ^ "Агропромышленный комплекс" (in Russian). Шенкурский муниципальный район. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  13. ^ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
  14. ^ Журавлёва, Ирина (7 November 2009). "МЕСТО ПАДКОЕ, НО ОТЖИВЧИВОЕ" (in Russian). Pravda Severa / Правда Севера. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  15. ^ "Шенкурский районный краеведческий музей" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved 8 June 2011.

Sources

  • Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №65-5-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №232-13-ОЗ от 16 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Областные Законы в сфере осуществления местного самоуправления и взаимодействия с некоммерческими организациями». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №43, 6 октября 2009 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #65-5-OZ of September 23, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #232-13-OZ of December 16, 2014 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Dealing with the Process of Municipal Self-Government and Relations with Non-Profit Organizations. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
  • Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №258-внеоч.-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2004 г. «О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №224-13-ОЗ от 16 декабря 2014 г. «Об упразднении отдельных населённых пунктов Соловецкого района Архангельской области и о внесении изменения в статью 46 Областного закона "О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №38, 8 октября 2004 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #258-vneoch.-OZ of September 23, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #224-13-OZ of December 16, 2014 On Abolishing Several Inhabited Localities in Solovetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and on Amending Article 46 of the Oblast Law "On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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