Jump to content

Giza: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 30°01′N 31°13′E / 30.017°N 31.217°E / 30.017; 31.217
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Tag: blanking
Undid revision 470515041 by 24.209.29.225 (talk) rv
Line 44: Line 44:
|area_magnitude =
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref =Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|unit_pref =Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|area_footnotes =
|area_ =[[Egypt Standard Time|EST]]
|area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
|area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
<!-- Population ----------------------->
|population_as_of =
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total = 2,681,863
|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_metro =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi =
|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities
|population_blank1 =
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
<!-- General information --------------->
|timezone =[[Egypt Standard Time|EST]]
|utc_offset = +2
|utc_offset = +2
|timezone_DST =
|timezone_DST =
Line 63: Line 81:
|website =
|website =
|footnotes = }}
|footnotes = }}
'''Giza''' ([[Coptic language|Coptic]]: {{Coptic|ⲅⲓⲍⲁ}} {{transl|coptic|geezah}}, {{lang-ar|الجيزة}} {{transl|ar|''El Geeza''}}), sometimes spelt ''Gizah'', is the third largest city in [[Egypt]]. It is located on the west bank of the [[Nile]] River, some {{convert|20|km|2|abbr=on}} southwest of central [[Cairo]]. Along with [[Shubra El-Kheima]], [[Cairo]] and [[Helwan]], the four cities form the Province of [[Greater Cairo]] metropolis.
'''Giza''' ([[Coptic language|Coptic]]: {{Coptic|ⲅⲓⲍⲁ}} {{transl|coptic|geezah}}, {{lang-ar|الجيزة}} {{transl|ar|''El Geeza''}}), sometimes spelt ''Gizah'', is the third largest city in [[Egypt]]. It is located on the west bank of the [[Nile]] River, some {{convert|20|km|2|abbr=on}} southwest of central [[Cairo]]. Along with [[Shubra El-Kheima]], [[Cairo]] and [[Helwan]], the four cities form the Province of [[Greater Cairo]] metropolis. The city of Giza is the capital of the [[Giza Governorate]], and is located near the northeast border of this governorate in coordinates. It is located right on the banks of the [[River Nile]]. The city's population was 2,681,863 in the 2006 national census, while the governorate had 6,272,571 at the same census. Its large population makes it the second largest suburb in the world, tied with [[Incheon]], South Korea and [[Quezon City]], Philippines, second only to [[Yokohama]], Japan.

Giza is most famous as the location of the [[Giza Plateau]]: the site of some of the most impressive ancient monuments in the world, including a complex of [[ancient Egypt]]ian royal mortuary and sacred structures, including the [[Great Sphinx]], the [[Great Pyramid of Giza]], and a number of other large [[pyramid]]s and [[temple]]s. The plateau and its monuments have been recorded in the Giza Plateau Mapping Project run by [[Ancient Egypt Research Associates]], directed by Dr. [[Mark Lehner]].<ref>''"The Giza Plateau Mapping Project"'', Lehner, Mark; Hunt, Brian V. [http://www.aeraweb.org/gpmp_home.asp link]</ref> AERA's 2009 field season was recorded in a blog.<ref>''"An archaeology blog from the Giza Pyramids in Egypt"'', 2009 Hunt, Brian V. [http://aerablog.wordpress.com/ link]</ref>

The Great Pyramid of Giza at one time was advocated (1884) as the location for the [[Prime Meridian]], a reference point used for determining a base longitude.<ref>''"The Canary Islands and the Question of the Prime Meridian: The Search for Precision in the Measurement of the Earth"'', Wilcomb E. Washburn. [http://muweb.millersville.edu/~columbus/data/geo/WASHBR04.GEO link]</ref>

== History ==
"[[Memphis, Egypt|Mn Nefer]]" (Memphis, in [[Greek language|Greek]]) - which means "the beautiful wall" in the [[ancient Egyptian language]] -, the capital city of the first unified Egyptian state since the days of Pharaoh King [[Narmer]], lies nearly {{convert|20|km|2|abbr=on}} south of Giza. Giza's most famous archaeological site, the [[Giza Plateau]], holds some of the most astonishing [[monuments]] in [[History of Egypt|Egyptian history]]. Once thriving with the [[Nile]] that flowed right into the Giza Plateau, the [[Giza Necropolis|pyramids of Giza]] were built overlooking the [[ancient Egyptian]] capital city of [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]], which was near modern day [[Cairo]].

The [[Giza Plateau]] is also home to many other [[ancient Egyptian]] monuments, including the tomb of Pharaoh [[Djet]] of the [[First dynasty of Egypt|First Dynasty]], as well as that of Pharaoh [[Ninetjer]] of the [[Second dynasty of Egypt|Second Dynasty]].

== Infrastructure ==
Giza has seen many changes over time. Changes in [[infrastructure]] during the different occupations of [[Egypt]] by various rulers, including the [[Great Britain|British]] in the 18th and early 20th century, focused on the construction of [[roads]], [[street]]s, and [[buildings]] in the area. Giza is a thriving centre of [[Culture of Egypt|Egyptian culture]] and is quite heavily populated, with many facilities and buildings in the current area. Giza saw much attention in particular to its vast amount of [[ancient Egypt]]ian [[monuments]] found on the [[Giza Plateau]], and has astonished thousands of visitors and tourists over the years. Giza's infrastructure saw much attention from both the British government prior to the 1952 [[coup d'etat]], as well as the current [[Egypt]]ian government due to the city's importance in [[tourism]].

[[File:GizaCity.jpg|right]]

The city hosts the first zoo on the entire African continent and one of the oldest in the [[Mediterranean]] region, the [[Giza Zoo]]. In addition, there are several parks, the most famous among them is [[Orman Park]] which means "Forest Park" in the [[Turkish language]].

=== Health ===
Giza has advanced level of medical care just like its elder twin Cairo.

A list of famous hospitals in Giza:
*Agooza in [[Agouza]] district.
* Al Salam in [[Mohandessin]] neighbourhood.
* Badran in [[Dokki]] district.
* El Safa.
* Haram Hospital in Haram.
* El Shoruk Hospital.
* Cairo Medical Lab
In addition to hospitals there are numerous medical facilities, private clinics, medical check laboratories, etc.

=== Transportation ===
Transportation in Giza comprises an extensive road network, rail system, subway system, and maritime services. Road transport is facilitated by personal vehicles, taxi cabs, privately owned public buses, and microbuses.

Giza shares with Cairo a subway system, officially called the "Metro (مترو)", a fast and efficient way of getting around. An extensive road network connects Giza with [[6th of October City]], Cairo and other cities. There are flyovers and bridges such as the 15th of May bridge.
Giza traffic is known to be overwhelming and overcrowded.

* [[Cairo Taxi]]
* [[Cairo Metro]]
* [[Cairo Yellow Cab]]
* [[Cairo Nile Ferry]]
[[File:Egipt 383.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A street in Giza with the [[Pyramid of Khafre]] in the background]]

== Districts and Neighbourhoods of Giza ==
*[[Dokki]] District: 93,660 93,025
*[[Agouza]] District: 174,460 162,851
*[[Giza District]]: 180,568 246,325, Kism Al Jizah 238,567 248,897
*[[Bulaq ad Dakrur]]: 453,884 564,791
*[[Imbabah]]: 287,357 389,049, Kism Imbabah 523,265 597,160
*[[Haram District]]200,076 295,704
*[[Omrania]]
*[[Monib]]
*[[Kafr Tuhurmus]]
The centre of the city is [[Giza Square]].

== Climate ==
Giza experiences an [[arid climate]] (Koeppen ''BWh''), but often with high humidity due to the [[Nile]] River Valley's effects. Wind storms can be frequent, bringing [[Mineral dust|Saharan dust]] into the city during the months of March and April. High temperatures in winter range from {{convert|12|°C|0|abbr=on}} to {{convert|17|°C|0|abbr=on}}, while nighttime lows drop to below {{convert|7|°C|0|abbr=on}}, often to 5°C; the lowest recorded temperature was {{convert|0.8|°C|0|abbr=on}}. In summer, the highs rarely surpass {{convert|40|°C|0|abbr=on}}, and the lows drop to about {{convert|20|°C|0|abbr=on}}. Rainfall is sparse, but sudden showers do cause harsh flooding. Hail and sleet might take place.

<div style="width:75%">
{{Weather box
|location = Giza
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan high F = 65
|Feb high F = 67
|Mar high F = 73
|Apr high F = 82
|May high F = 90
|Jun high F = 95
|Jul high F = 96
|Aug high F =96
|Sep high F = 90
|Oct high F = 85
|Nov high F =79
|Dec high F = 69
|Year high F = 82
|Jan low F = 48
|Feb low F = 48
|Mar low F = 51
|Apr low F = 56
|May low F = 64
|Jun low F = 69
|Jul low F = 71
|Aug low F = 72
|Sep low F = 70
|Oct low F = 64
|Nov low F = 59
|Dec low F = 51
|Year low F = 60
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.1
|Feb precipitation inch =0.1
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.1
|Apr precipitation inch = 0
|May precipitation inch = 0.5
|Jun precipitation inch = 0
|Jul precipitation inch = 0
|Aug precipitation inch = 0
|Sep precipitation inch = 0
|Oct precipitation inch = 0
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.1
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.5
|Year precipitation inch = 1.3
|source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase>
{{cite web
|url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=176326&refer=wikipedia |title =Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Giza, Egypt
|publisher=Weatherbase
|year=2011
}}
Retrieved on November 24, 2011.
</ref>
|date=November 2011
}}
</div>

==Economy==
Industries here include [[movies]], [[chemicals]], machinery and [[cigarettes]]. In addition, Giza has many luxury apartment buildings along the [[Nile]], making it a popular place to live.


=== International access ===
Access to the city of Giza, which has its own [[governorate]] adjacent to the governorate of [[Cairo]], is dependent on the [[Cairo International Airport]]. Another local airport is found in Giza, called the [[Imbaba Airport]], but recently the Egyptian government has decided to shut down the area and turn it into a cultural or an athletic area.

==Education==
Giza's learning institutions include the [[University of Cairo]] which was moved to Giza in [[1924]]. The city is a hub of education and educational services not only for Egypt but also for the entire [[Mediterranean Region]]. Giza has numerous schools, kindergartens, and institutes of higher learning.

== Sports ==
The city hosts the second most successful club in [[Egypt]] and [[Africa]], [[El Zamalek]], which is located in the [[Meet Okba]] neighbourhood near the [[Mohandesin]] neighbourhood. Beside El Zamalek there are other clubs like El [[Tersana]] and [[Seid Shooting Club]] which is one of the elite clubs in Egypt.

==Sister Cities==
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Los Angeles]], [[United States]]
*{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Rinkeby]], [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]
*{{flagicon|Brunei}} [[Bandar Seri Begawan]], [[Brunei Darussalam]] (since August 2nd, 2011)

== See also ==
*[[Giza Governorate]]
*[[Pyramids of Giza]]
*[[Great Sphinx]]
*[[List of Egyptian pyramids]]
*[[List of megalithic sites]]

==Giza Images gallery==
<center>
<gallery>
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 11.jpg|[[Giza District]] facing [[Nile]] -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 12.jpg|[[Giza Pyramids]] appear from a hotel [[Haram District]] -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 18.jpg|Haram Street and the Giza pyramids -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 2.jpg|[[Mohandessin]] Neighbourhood -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 22.jpg|The city of Giza as seen from [[Cairo Tower]] -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 23.jpg|Giza City as seen from its elder twin [[Cairo]] -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 27.jpg|One of Giza Hotels -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 48.jpg|Giza Pyramids looking at the modern city -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 51.jpg|Giza Zoo, [[Nahdet Masr Statue]] and the boulevard which leads to Cairo University. -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza 56.jpg|Cairo University Headquarter Campus in Giza -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza, Mena palace 1.jpg| -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Mohandesin, Mostafa Mahmoud Square 2.jpg|[[Mostafa Mahmoud]] Square one of the most famous squares in [[Giza Governorate]] -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: File:Giza_67.jpg|Gamet Dewal Boulevard, Giza -->
</gallery>
</center>

==Notes & references==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons|Giza|Giza}}
* [http://www.gizapyramids.org/ Giza Archives Project]
* [[wikitravel:Cairo/Giza|Giza]] on [[wikitravel:Main Page|Wikitravel]]
* [http://www.sas.upenn.edu/aamw/resources/fieldwork/#Giza%20%28Egypt%29 University of Pennsylvania Museum excavations at Giza]

{{coord|30|01|N| 31|13|E|type:city|display=title}}

{{EgyptLargestCities}}
{{Governorates capital of Egypt}}
{{Ancient Egypt topics}}

[[Category:Giza| ]]
[[Category:Giza Governorate]]
[[Category:Governorate capitals in Egypt]]
[[Category:Giza Plateau]]
[[Category:Populated places in Egypt]]
[[Category:Metropolitan areas of Egypt]]

[[af:Gizeh]]
[[ar:مدينة الجيزة]]
[[be:Горад Гіза]]
[[bs:Giza]]
[[br:Gizah]]
[[bg:Гиза]]
[[ca:Gizeh]]
[[cv:Гиза]]
[[cs:Gíza]]
[[cy:Giza]]
[[da:Giza]]
[[de:Gizeh]]
[[et:Giza]]
[[es:Guiza]]
[[eo:Gizo]]
[[eu:Giza (Egipto)]]
[[fa:جیزه]]
[[fr:Gizeh]]
[[fy:Gizeh]]
[[ga:Giza]]
[[gl:Giza - الجيزة]]
[[ko:기자 (이집트)]]
[[hy:Գիզա]]
[[hi:गीज़ा]]
[[hr:Giza]]
[[id:Giza]]
[[it:Giza]]
[[he:גיזה]]
[[ka:გიზა]]
[[la:Giza]]
[[lv:Gīza]]
[[lt:Giza]]
[[ms:Giza]]
[[nl:Gizeh]]
[[nds-nl:Piramides van Giza]]
[[ja:ギーザ]]
[[no:Giza]]
[[pnb:غیزہ]]
[[pl:Giza]]
[[pt:Guizé]]
[[ro:Giza]]
[[ru:Гиза]]
[[sco:Giza]]
[[simple:Giza]]
[[sk:Al-Džíza (mesto)]]
[[sl:Giza]]
[[sr:Гиза]]
[[sh:Giza]]
[[fi:Giza]]
[[sv:Giza]]
[[th:กีซา]]
[[tr:Gize]]
[[uk:Гіза]]
[[vi:Giza]]
[[war:Giza]]
[[zh:吉萨]]

Revision as of 23:42, 9 January 2012

"Gizeh" redirects here. For the name of a German brand of cigarette rolling papers, see Mascotte (rolling papers).
"Jizah" redirects here. For the Wu-Tang Clan member and rapper, see GZA.
Giza
الجيزة
ⲅⲓⲍⲁ
Pyramid Street in Giza
Pyramid Street in Giza
Country Egypt
GovernorateGiza
Population
 • Total
2,681,863
Time zoneUTC+2 (EST)

Giza (Coptic: ⲅⲓⲍⲁ [geezah] Error: {{Transliteration}}: unrecognized language / script code: coptic (help), Template:Lang-ar El Geeza), sometimes spelt Gizah, is the third largest city in Egypt. It is located on the west bank of the Nile River, some 20 km (12.43 mi) southwest of central Cairo. Along with Shubra El-Kheima, Cairo and Helwan, the four cities form the Province of Greater Cairo metropolis. The city of Giza is the capital of the Giza Governorate, and is located near the northeast border of this governorate in coordinates. It is located right on the banks of the River Nile. The city's population was 2,681,863 in the 2006 national census, while the governorate had 6,272,571 at the same census. Its large population makes it the second largest suburb in the world, tied with Incheon, South Korea and Quezon City, Philippines, second only to Yokohama, Japan.

Giza is most famous as the location of the Giza Plateau: the site of some of the most impressive ancient monuments in the world, including a complex of ancient Egyptian royal mortuary and sacred structures, including the Great Sphinx, the Great Pyramid of Giza, and a number of other large pyramids and temples. The plateau and its monuments have been recorded in the Giza Plateau Mapping Project run by Ancient Egypt Research Associates, directed by Dr. Mark Lehner.[1] AERA's 2009 field season was recorded in a blog.[2]

The Great Pyramid of Giza at one time was advocated (1884) as the location for the Prime Meridian, a reference point used for determining a base longitude.[3]

History

"Mn Nefer" (Memphis, in Greek) - which means "the beautiful wall" in the ancient Egyptian language -, the capital city of the first unified Egyptian state since the days of Pharaoh King Narmer, lies nearly 20 km (12.43 mi) south of Giza. Giza's most famous archaeological site, the Giza Plateau, holds some of the most astonishing monuments in Egyptian history. Once thriving with the Nile that flowed right into the Giza Plateau, the pyramids of Giza were built overlooking the ancient Egyptian capital city of Memphis, which was near modern day Cairo.

The Giza Plateau is also home to many other ancient Egyptian monuments, including the tomb of Pharaoh Djet of the First Dynasty, as well as that of Pharaoh Ninetjer of the Second Dynasty.

Infrastructure

Giza has seen many changes over time. Changes in infrastructure during the different occupations of Egypt by various rulers, including the British in the 18th and early 20th century, focused on the construction of roads, streets, and buildings in the area. Giza is a thriving centre of Egyptian culture and is quite heavily populated, with many facilities and buildings in the current area. Giza saw much attention in particular to its vast amount of ancient Egyptian monuments found on the Giza Plateau, and has astonished thousands of visitors and tourists over the years. Giza's infrastructure saw much attention from both the British government prior to the 1952 coup d'etat, as well as the current Egyptian government due to the city's importance in tourism.

File:GizaCity.jpg

The city hosts the first zoo on the entire African continent and one of the oldest in the Mediterranean region, the Giza Zoo. In addition, there are several parks, the most famous among them is Orman Park which means "Forest Park" in the Turkish language.

Health

Giza has advanced level of medical care just like its elder twin Cairo.

A list of famous hospitals in Giza:

  • Agooza in Agouza district.
  • Al Salam in Mohandessin neighbourhood.
  • Badran in Dokki district.
  • El Safa.
  • Haram Hospital in Haram.
  • El Shoruk Hospital.
  • Cairo Medical Lab

In addition to hospitals there are numerous medical facilities, private clinics, medical check laboratories, etc.

Transportation

Transportation in Giza comprises an extensive road network, rail system, subway system, and maritime services. Road transport is facilitated by personal vehicles, taxi cabs, privately owned public buses, and microbuses.

Giza shares with Cairo a subway system, officially called the "Metro (مترو)", a fast and efficient way of getting around. An extensive road network connects Giza with 6th of October City, Cairo and other cities. There are flyovers and bridges such as the 15th of May bridge. Giza traffic is known to be overwhelming and overcrowded.

A street in Giza with the Pyramid of Khafre in the background

Districts and Neighbourhoods of Giza

The centre of the city is Giza Square.

Climate

Giza experiences an arid climate (Koeppen BWh), but often with high humidity due to the Nile River Valley's effects. Wind storms can be frequent, bringing Saharan dust into the city during the months of March and April. High temperatures in winter range from 12 °C (54 °F) to 17 °C (63 °F), while nighttime lows drop to below 7 °C (45 °F), often to 5°C; the lowest recorded temperature was 0.8 °C (33 °F). In summer, the highs rarely surpass 40 °C (104 °F), and the lows drop to about 20 °C (68 °F). Rainfall is sparse, but sudden showers do cause harsh flooding. Hail and sleet might take place.

Climate data for Giza
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 18
(65) 		19
(67) 		23
(73) 		28
(82) 		32
(90) 		35
(95) 		36
(96) 		36
(96) 		32
(90) 		29
(85) 		26
(79) 		21
(69) 		28
(82)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 9
(48) 		9
(48) 		11
(51) 		13
(56) 		18
(64) 		21
(69) 		22
(71) 		22
(72) 		21
(70) 		18
(64) 		15
(59) 		11
(51) 		16
(60)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.5
(0.1) 		2.5
(0.1) 		2.5
(0.1) 		0
(0) 		13
(0.5) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		2.5
(0.1) 		13
(0.5) 		36
(1.4)
Source: Weatherbase [4]

Economy

Industries here include movies, chemicals, machinery and cigarettes. In addition, Giza has many luxury apartment buildings along the Nile, making it a popular place to live.


International access

Access to the city of Giza, which has its own governorate adjacent to the governorate of Cairo, is dependent on the Cairo International Airport. Another local airport is found in Giza, called the Imbaba Airport, but recently the Egyptian government has decided to shut down the area and turn it into a cultural or an athletic area.

Education

Giza's learning institutions include the University of Cairo which was moved to Giza in 1924. The city is a hub of education and educational services not only for Egypt but also for the entire Mediterranean Region. Giza has numerous schools, kindergartens, and institutes of higher learning.

Sports

The city hosts the second most successful club in Egypt and Africa, El Zamalek, which is located in the Meet Okba neighbourhood near the Mohandesin neighbourhood. Beside El Zamalek there are other clubs like El Tersana and Seid Shooting Club which is one of the elite clubs in Egypt.

Sister Cities

See also

Notes & references

  1. ^ "The Giza Plateau Mapping Project", Lehner, Mark; Hunt, Brian V. link
  2. ^ "An archaeology blog from the Giza Pyramids in Egypt", 2009 Hunt, Brian V. link
  3. ^ "The Canary Islands and the Question of the Prime Meridian: The Search for Precision in the Measurement of the Earth", Wilcomb E. Washburn. link
  4. ^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Giza, Egypt". Weatherbase. 2011. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Giza.

30°01′N 31°13′E / 30.017°N 31.217°E / 30.017; 31.217

Template:EgyptLargestCities

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Giza&oldid=470522603"