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* On June 2, 2010, an unknown group of students transformed [[Goodsell Observatory]] into a giant R2D2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.citypages.com/blotter/2010/06/carleton_studen.php |title=Carleton students love R2-D2 so much they turn a building into the droid |author= Hart Van Denburg |date=June 3, 2010 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=21 September 2010 }}</ref>
* On June 2, 2010, an unknown group of students transformed [[Goodsell Observatory]] into a giant R2D2.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.citypages.com/blotter/2010/06/carleton_studen.php |title=Carleton students love R2-D2 so much they turn a building into the droid |author= Hart Van Denburg |date=June 3, 2010 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=21 September 2010 }}</ref>
* A group of Carleton students set the current Guinness world record for the largest number of people [[spooning]] (529) on June 4, 2010. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/Search/Details/Most-people-spooning/123693.htm |title=Guinness World Records |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=24 January 2011 }}</ref>
* A group of Carleton students set the current Guinness world record for the largest number of people [[spooning]] (529) on June 4, 2010. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/Search/Details/Most-people-spooning/123693.htm |title=Guinness World Records |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=24 January 2011 }}</ref>
* Carleton is mentioned in two [[DC Comics]] comic books. ''Trinity'' #37 (2009) and ''Superman: Secret Identity'' #2 (2004), both written by [[Kurt Busiek]].


==Notable alumni==
==Notable alumni==

Revision as of 19:08, 20 January 2012

This article is about the American liberal arts college. For Carleton University in Canada, see Carleton University.
Carleton College
File:Carletoncollegeseal.png
MottoDeclaratio Sermonum Tuorum Illuminat (Latin)
Motto in English
The Revelation / Announcement of Your Words Illuminates
TypePrivate liberal arts college
EstablishedNovember 14, 1866
EndowmentUS $640 million[1]
PresidentSteven G. Poskanzer, J.D.
Academic staff
198
Undergraduates1,958
Postgraduates0
Location
Northfield
,
Minnesota
,
USA
CampusRural, 1,040 acres (420 ha)
ColorsMaize and Blue            
Nickname"Carls", Knights
AffiliationsMIAC
Websitecarleton.edu

44°27′43″N 93°9′13.6″W / 44.46194°N 93.153778°W / 44.46194; -93.153778

Carleton College is an independent non-sectarian, coeducational, liberal arts college in Northfield, Minnesota, USA. The college enrolls 1,958 undergraduate students, and employs 198 full-time faculty members. In 2012 U.S. News and World Report ranked Carleton College the 6th best liberal arts college in the United States and ranked Carleton number one for undergraduate teaching at a national liberal arts college.[2] In 2011 Forbes named Carleton the 15th best college or university in the United States.[3]

History

The school was founded on May 3, 1866, by the Minnesota Conference of Congregational Churches as Northfield College. Two local businessmen, Charles Augustus Wheaton and Charles M. Goodsell, each donated 10 acres (4 ha) of land for the first campus. The first students enrolled in fall 1867. In 1870, the first college president, James Strong, traveled to the East Coast to raise funds for the college. On his way from visiting William Carleton of Charlestown, Massachusetts, Strong was badly injured by a train. Impressed by Strong's survival, Carleton donated US$50,000 to the fledgling institution in 1871, and the Board of Trustees renamed the school in his honor.

Carleton College

The college graduated its first class in 1874. The first two graduates, James J. Dow and Myra A. Brown, married each other later that year.[4][5]

On September 7, 1876, the James-Younger Gang, led by outlaw Jesse James, attempted to rob the First National Bank of Northfield. Joseph Lee Heywood, Carleton's Treasurer, was acting cashier at the bank that day. He was shot and killed for refusing to open the safe. Carleton later named a library fund after Heywood, and the Heywood Society is the name for a group of donors who have named Carleton in their wills.

In its early years under the presidency of James Strong, Carleton reflected the theological conservatism of its Minnesota Congregational founders. In 1903, modernist religious influences were brought when Yale Divinity School graduate William Sallmon was hired as college president. Sallmon was opposed by conservative faculty members, who forced him out by 1908.

The trustees hired another theologically liberal Yale Divinity School graduate, Donald J. Cowling, as his successor. In 1916, under Cowling's leadership, Carleton began an official affiliation with the Minnesota Baptist Convention. It lasted until 1928, when the Baptists severed the relationship as a result of fundamentalist opposition to Carleton's liberalism, including the college's support for teaching about evolution.[6] Although non-denominational for a number of years, Carleton abolished its requirement for weekly attendance at some religious or spiritual meeting in 1964. [7]

In 1927, students founded what is the nation's oldest student-run pub, The Cave. Located in the basement of Evans Hall, it continues to host live music shows and other events several times each week.

In 1942, Carleton purchased land in Stanton, about 10-mile (16 km) east of campus, to use for flight training. During World War II, several classes of male students went through air basic training at the college. The Stanton Airfield is operated for commercial use, having been sold by the college in 1944.[8]

The world premiere production of Bertolt Brecht's play The Caucasian Chalk Circle was performed in 1948 at Carleton's Nourse Little Theater.

The Reformed Druids of North America was founded at Carleton in 1963, initially as an effort by students to be excused from attending the then-required weekly chapel service. Later the group conducted legitimate spiritual exploration. Meetings continue to be held in the Carleton College Cowling Arboretum.

The popular early computer game The Oregon Trail was created, and later further developed, by students at Carleton in 1971.

President Bill Clinton gave the last commencement address of his administration at Carleton, on June 10, 2000.[9]

Academics

Carleton College is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. The next on-site review for this accreditation will be in 2018-19.[10]

Rankings

Academically, Carleton has been nationally recognized as a leading undergraduate institution. It is consistently ranked in the U.S. News and World Report's college rankings as one of the top ten U.S. liberal arts schools. According to 2012 U.S. News and World Report rankings, Carleton College is the #6 liberal arts college in the United States along with Bowdoin College, ranking after Williams College, Amherst College, Swarthmore College, Pomona College, and Middlebury College.[11]

In the Forbes Magazine ranking of American colleges, which combines liberal arts colleges and national research universities together in one list, the College is ranked #15.[12] Among liberal arts colleges only, Carleton ranks #7 in the survey.[13]

Carleton College is part of the Annapolis Group, which has made a group statement asking members not to participate in ranking surveys. President Robert Oden stated on September 7, 2007, "We commit not to mention U.S. News or similar rankings in any of our new publications, since such lists mislead the public into thinking that the complexities of American higher education can be reduced to one number."[14]

Carleton participates in the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (NAICU)'s University and College Accountability Network (U-CAN), a co-operative effort on the part of colleges to provide data for school comparison on a variety of bases.

Admissions and selectivity

On average, the middle 50 percent of first-year students received 1330-1490 on the SAT Critical Reading and Math Sections and a composite 29-33 on the ACT; more than three quarters of the entering students ranked in the top 10% of their high school graduating classes.[15]

Carleton has enrolled more students who are in the National Merit Scholarship Program than any other liberal arts college in the country.[16] Its Class of 2012 includes 93 National Merit Scholars (which includes both Carleton-sponsored and external National Merit Scholars) among its 493 students.[citation needed]

Graduates

Among American liberal arts institutions, Carleton College is a leading source of undergraduate students pursuing doctorates.[17][18] It has also been recognized for sending a large number of female students to graduate programs in the sciences.[19]

Student life

Extracurricular organizations

Carleton College Glee Club, 1913

The school's nearly 150 active student organizations include three theatre boards (coordinating as many as ten productions every term), longform and shortform improv groups and a sketch comedy troupe, seven a cappella groups, four choirs, seven specialized instrumental ensembles, five dance interest groups, two auditioned dance companies, a successful Mock Trial team, a nationally competitive debate program, seven recurring student publications, and a student-run KRLX radio station, which employs more than 200 volunteers each term.

In 5 of the last 12 years, Carleton College students received the Best Delegation award at the World Model United Nations competition.

The College's format-free student-run radio station, KRLX, founded in 1947 as KARL, was recently ranked by the Princeton Review as one of the nation's "Ten Best College Radio Stations".[20] KRLX broadcasts continually when school is in session.

Lenny Dee is Carleton's original sketch comedy group. Modeling themselves after Saturday Night Live and other such shows, Lenny Dee (often affectionately abbreviated to simply "Dee") brings a regular comedy variety show to campus once a term.

In 2009 two Carleton students founded the first and only comics magazine at Carleton, the Carleton Comics Journal (now known as the Carleton Graphic). It releases an issue once every two weeks[21] and has been generally well-received by the Carleton community.

The school has several a cappella groups. The oldest is the all-male Carleton Singing Knights, which has toured and recorded extensively over its more than 50-year history. The Knights performed a version of Daft Punk's "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger". Their video[22] on Youtube has received over 4 million views. It was this cover that prompted a student to make a video for the song, titled Daft Hands.[23] The video became an internet sensation - it has been viewed over 31 million times on Youtube and resulted in the student's appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show for a reprise performance.

The Knightingales, one of the all-female groups, are the second-oldest a capella group on campus. They performed on a special radio performance hosted by Garrison Keillor at Dacie Moses House in 2002.

Traditions

Carleton has numerous student traditions. These include painting the college's water tower. Most notably, a likeness of President Clinton was painted on the tower the night before his commencement speech in 2000. Early the following morning, college maintenance quickly painted over it. The administration's view of this particular phenomenon have changed over time. For liability-related reasons, climbing the water tower is now considered a grave infraction. Streaking is a ubiquitous phenomenon, most impressive when conducted during winter temperatures that average about 15 °F (-9 °C), and occasionally reach lows around -40° (-40 °C).

File:Gould schiller.jpg
President Emeritus Laurence Gould is briefly reunited with the bust of Schiller in this undated archive photo from The Carletonian

A bust of Friedrich Schiller, known simply as "Schiller",[24] has made regular appearances, though briefly, at large campus events. The tradition dates back to 1957, when a student took the bust from an unlocked storage area in the Gould Library, only to have it taken from him in turn. Possession of the bust escalated into an elaborate competition, which took on a high degree of secrecy and strategy.

These days Schiller's appearance, accompanied by the shout "Schiller!", is a tacit challenge to other students to try to capture the bust. The currently circulating bust of Schiller was retrieved from Puebla, Mexico in the summer of 2003. In 2006, students created an online scavenger hunt, made up of a series of complex riddles about Carleton,[25] which led participants to Schiller's hidden location. The bust was stolen from the winner of the scavenger hunt. At commencement in 2006, the holders of the bust arranged for Schiller to "graduate." When his name was called at the appropriate moment, the bust was pulled from behind the podium and prominently displayed.

In March 2010, the bust of Schiller appeared on The Colbert Report.[26] The appearance was organized by custodians of Schiller who contacted Peter Gwinn, a Carleton alumnus who is a writer for the program.[27]

The bust also appeared on a Halloween broadcast of A Prairie Home Companion on Minnesota Public Radio. [28]

Since 1990, Carleton students have played "Late Night Trivia," an annual Winter Term exam period game show broadcast over the college's radio station, KRLX. Students compete in teams to identify songs and answer questions.[29]

Campus

Gould Library

The college campus was created in 1867 with the gifts of two 10-acre (4 ha) parcels from local businessmen Charles Goodsell and Charles Augustus Wheaton. The campus sits on a hill overlooking the Cannon River, at the northeast edge of Northfield. To the north and east are athletic fields and the Cowling Arboretum. These were farm fields in the early years of the college. Open land beyond the Arboretum is still largely devoted to agriculture.

The center of campus is an open field called "the Bald Spot," which is used for ultimate frisbee in the warmer months and flooded for skating and broomball in the winter. Most of the campus buildings built before World War II surround the Bald Spot (the exceptions are Goodsell Observatory and Margaret Evans Hall).

Campus buildings

Several of Carleton's older buildings have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). These include Willis Hall, the first building on campus, which was constructed beginning in 1869 and completed in 1872. Originally it contained the men's dormitory, classrooms, library, and chapel. The building was gutted by fire in 1879, after which it was entirely rebuilt within the existing stone shell. The original front of the building became the rear entrance with the construction of Severance Hall in 1928.[30] As new buildings were built, academic departments shifted in and out of the building. Beginning in 1954, it was the college student union, until it was replaced in 1979 by the Sayles-Hill Student Center. It now houses the Economics, Political Science, and Educational Studies offices.[31] The college's clock bell tower and the main college flagpole, along with the radio tower for KRLX, sit on the roof.

Goodsell Observatory at Carleton College
Skinner Memorial Chapel

Goodsell Observatory, also on the NRHP, was constructed in 1887 and at the time was the largest observatory in the state of Minnesota. It was named for Charles Goodsell, who donated land for the campus. Goodsell Obeservatory replaced the college's original one, built in 1877. It was razed in 1905 to make room for Laird Hall. From the late 19th century to the end of the World War II, Goodsell Observatory kept the time for every major railroad west of the Mississippi River, including Northern Pacific Railway, the Great Northern Railway, the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railroad, and the St. Paul, Minneapolis, and Manitoba railroads. Goodsell served as the headquarters of a state weather service from 1883 to 1886.

Scoville Hall (originally Scoville Memorial Library), completed in 1896, is on the NRHP. It was later replaced as the college library by the Gould Library. It now houses the cinema and media studies department, the media center, and the academic support center.

Four nineteenth-century buildings were demolished: Gridley Hall was for many years the main women's dormitory. It was built in 1882 and demolished in 1967 to make way for the Music and Drama Center. Williams Hall stood in front of Leighton Hall and was the college's first science building, built in 1880 and demolished in 1961. Seccombe House was located near the site of the current Skinner Chapel, and was used for music instruction from 1880 to 1914. The original Observatory was built 1878, was replaced as college observatory in 1887, and was demolished in 1905 to make way for Laird Hall[32]

Skinner Memorial Chapel, completed in 1916, is on the NRHP. Carleton built a new 80,000-square-foot (7,400 m2) Recreation Center in 2000. A full indoor fieldhouse is located above a fitness center, which includes a climbing wall and bouldering wall.

Cowling Arboretum

Main article: Carleton College Cowling Arboretum

The Cowling Arboretum, "the Arb", was initially created from lands purchased in the 1920s by President Donald J. Cowling. As the college was having difficult financial times, it was first called "Cowling's Folly" but later became his legacy. After Carleton Farm was closed, its acreage was added to the Arboretum.

Since 1970 acreage has been removed from cultivation in sections. It consists of approximately 880 acres (360 ha) of restored and remnant forest, Cannon River floodplain, bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) savannah, and tallgrass prairie. The Arboretum is divided by Minnesota Highway 19 into the larger Lower Arb to the north (so called because it includes the Cannon River valley) and the smaller Upper Arb. There are pedestrian trails throughout the Arb, including the school's cross-country running and skiing courses, and a paved mixed-use bicycle/running trail in the Upper Arb.

Sustainability

Carleton is committed to environmentally conscious initiatives. In October 2007, the Sustainable Endowments Institute, a Cambridge, Massachusetts organization, recognized Carleton as a leader in overall college sustainability. In the "College Sustainability Report Card 2008", which evaluates the 200 colleges and universities with the largest endowments in the United States and Canada, Carleton received the highest evaluation grade of A-, putting the college in the category of College Sustainability Leader with Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Brown University, Middlebury College, University of Vermont and University of Washington. The Report Card also cited Carleton as an Endowment Sustainability Leader, along with Dartmouth College and Williams College.[33] A wind turbine located near the campus generates approximately 40 percent of Carleton's electrical energy use, though it is configured to sell this power back to the local grid.[34] Over the life of Carleton’s turbine, it is estimated that the College will reduce CO2 by 1.5 million tons.[34] In late 2011, Carleton plans to install a second wind turbine that will directly power the campus, providing for an additional 30 to 40 percent of the college's electrical energy use.[35]

Athletics

Carleton has athletic opportunities for students, including 19 varsity teams, 23 club teams, and dozens of intramural teams (including 40 separate broomball teams) forming every term. Carleton competes in NCAA Division III, meaning it offers no athletic scholarships.

Its men's and women's cross country teams have produced a number of all-Americans[citation needed] and one national championship (Fellahs', 1980).[citation needed]

The Men and Women's Swimming and Diving program participates in the Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (MIAC) conference.

The football team won the conference championship in 1992 with a 9-1 record and received one of 16 bids to the Division III National Championship Tournament.[citation needed]

In 2006, the men's basketball team tied the University of St. Thomas for the conference championship and received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament.[citation needed]

In 2007, the women's golf program sent its first individual qualifier to the Division III Women's Golf NCAA Tournament.

In 2008, the men's soccer team won the conference championship, thereby receiving an automatic NCAA bid.[citation needed] They reached the Sweet 16 of the tournament, marking one of the most successful seasons in Carleton history.

The women's soccer team won the MIAC Playoffs in 2008, receiving an automatic NCAA bid. They attained the Elite 8 of the tournament,[citation needed] marking the first time in Carleton sports history.

Carleton hosted the only NCAA-sponsored metric football game in 1977. The game was dubbed the "Liter Bowl" and was measured in meters instead of yards. Carleton lost the game to St. Olaf by a score of 43-0.[36] The event was the last to fill Carleton's Laird Stadium.[37]

Club sports

The student-run Ultimate frisbee clubs have had the most competitive success; most notably, the school's top men's team, Carleton Ultimate Team (CUT), and women's team, Syzygy, are perennial national contenders in the USA Ultimate College Division. CUT has qualified annually for nationals since 1989, and won the National Championship in 2001, 2009, and 2011.[38] Syzygy has qualified for women's nationals all but one year since 1987, and won the National Championship in 2000.[39] The second men's Ultimate team, the Gods of Plastic (GOP), won the 2009 and 2010 Division III National Championship tournaments,[40] and the second women's Ultimate team, Eclipse, won Division III nationals in 2011. [41]

In the fall of 2011, the women's rugby team was undefeated in their league and region. This led them on to win Division 3 national playoffs. After winning their league, the team was bumped up to Division 2, where they will compete in the fall of 2012.


The spring intramural softball league is known as Rotblatt, in honor of baseball player Marvin Rotblatt. Once a year a day-long game, also known as Rotblatt, lasts the same number of innings as the number of years since Carleton's founding. In 1997, Sports Illustrated honored Rotblatt in its "Best of Everything" section with the award, "Longest Intramural Event."[42]

  • Pamela Dean set her fantasy novel Tam Lin (1991) at a fictional "Blackstock College", based on Dean's alma mater, Carleton. Dean's author's note begins, "Readers acquainted with Carleton College will find much that is familiar to them in the architecture, landcape, classes, terminology, and general atmosphere of Blackstock." Blackstock's buildings were given names that reference their counterparts at Carleton (e.g. Watson Hall becomes Holmes Hall, referring to Sherlock Holmes; Burton Hall becomes Taylor Hall, referring to the marriages of Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor). [43]
  • The food fight scene from the film D3: The Mighty Ducks (1996) was shot in the Great Hall of Severance Hall.[citation needed]
  • Carleton College is mentioned in scene five of Wendy Wasserstein's 1988 Pulitizer-Prize winning play, The Heidi Chronicles.[44]
  • The Schiller bust was briefly featured on the TV show, The Colbert Report, on March 29, 2010.[45]
  • On June 2, 2010, an unknown group of students transformed Goodsell Observatory into a giant R2D2.[46]
  • A group of Carleton students set the current Guinness world record for the largest number of people spooning (529) on June 4, 2010. [47]
  • Carleton is mentioned in two DC Comics comic books. Trinity #37 (2009) and Superman: Secret Identity #2 (2004), both written by Kurt Busiek.

Notable alumni

Notable faculty

Points of interest

Presidents

  1. James Woodward Strong, 1870–1903
  2. William Henry Sallmon, 1903–1908
  3. Donald Cowling, 1909–1945
  4. Laurence McKinley Gould, 1945–1962
  5. John Nason, 1962–1970
  6. Howard R. Swearer, 1970–1977
  7. Robert Edwards, 1977–1986
  8. David Porter, 1986–1987
  9. Stephen R. Lewis Jr., 1987–2002
  10. Robert A. Oden Jr., 2002–2010 (retired June 30, 2010)[51]
  11. Steven G. Poskanzer, 2010–present[52]

References

  1. ^ "Carleton College: Vice President and Treasurer's Office: Endowment Growth Versus Inflation 1996-2009". Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  2. ^ "Best Colleges 2012". 2011-09-14. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month= and |coauthors= (help)
  3. ^ "America's Best Colleges". Forbes. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month= and |coauthors= (help)
  4. ^ "From Northfield Historical Society history of early Carleton".[dead link‍]
  5. ^ Carleton College archives timeline
  6. ^ Mark A. Greene, "The Baptist Fundamentalists Case Against Carleton, 1926-1928", Minnesota History magazine, Spring 1990, pp. 16-26, Minnesota Historical Society.
  7. ^ "Carleton History". http://apps.carleton.edu/about/history/. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  8. ^ Stanton Airfield site, with history
  9. ^ Sciolino, Elaine (2000-06-11). "Transition in Syria; A New Hurdle to Peace". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-09-15. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  10. ^ "Carleton accreditation site".
  11. ^ Liberal Arts Colleges: Top Schools, US News & World Reports, Accessed June 10, 2008.
  12. ^ "America's Best Colleges #21 Carleton College". Forbes. 11 August 2010. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  13. ^ David M. Ewalt (August 8, 2010). "America's Best Colleges". Forbes. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  14. ^ Oden, Robert (2007-09-07). "President's Letter About College Rankings". Carleton College. Retrieved 2008-09-19.
  15. ^ "College Search - Carleton College - At a Glance". Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  16. ^ "Carleton Merit Scholars". Carleton College & Admissions. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  17. ^ Gravois, John (January 7, 2005). "Number of Doctorates Edges Up Slightly". The Chronicle of Higher Education. 51 (18): A24.
  18. ^ Baccalaureate Origins Peer Analysis, Centre College, accessed February 23, 2008
  19. ^ Wilson, Robin (May 5, 2006). "A Hothouse for Female Scientists". The Chronicle of Higher Education. 52 (35): A13.
  20. ^ "Homepage". The Princeton Review. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  21. ^ "Carleton Graphic's online presence". Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  22. ^ "Daft Punk - Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger (A CAPPELLA!?)". YouTube. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  23. ^ Dan Kagan-Kans '10 (26, 2007). "Daft Hands Does L.A." Retrieved 21 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  24. ^ Schiller "Bust of Schiller". Carlwiki.org. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  25. ^ "Homepage". Wehaveschiller.com.[dead link‍]
  26. ^ http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/268468/march-29-2010/sign-off---friedrich-schiller
  27. ^ http://apps.carleton.edu/carletonian/?story_id=413380&issue_id=413354
  28. ^ http://apps.carleton.edu/reason_package/reason_4.0/www/displayers/image.php?id=686071
  29. ^ "Late Night Trivia Home".
  30. ^ Soth, Lauren (2003). Architecture at Carleton: A Brief History and Guide. Northfield, MN: Carleton College. p. 3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ "Economics department history of the building". Retrieved 18 September 2010.
  32. ^ "Carleton College: Archives: history 1866-1891". Carleton College Archives. Retrieved 2008-10-02.
  33. ^ "College Sustainability Report Card 2008" (PDF). Sustainable Endowments Institute. Retrieved 23 February 2010.
  34. ^ a b Heinz, Gloria. "Carleton College: Facilities Management: The History of Carleton's Wind Turbine". Retrieved 11 September 2011.
  35. ^ Heinz, Gloria. "Carleton College: Facilities Management: Carleton's Second Wind Turbine". Retrieved 11 September 2011.
  36. ^ "Carleton Football Report - week four" (PDF) (Press release). Carleton College Athletics. 2008-10-04. Retrieved 2008-12-08. •The "Liter Bowl" gave the series a unique twist in 1977. The squads tried to usher in the metric system; the playing field was extended nine yards to reach 100 meters in length, and the players were listed in centimeters and kilograms in the game program. The brainchild of Carleton chemistry professor Jerry Mohrig, the game attracted 10,000 fans and attention from the national media, including Sports Illustrated, The New York Times, Chicago Tribune and NBC Television. St. Olaf handily won the contest, 43-0. It is the only NCAA-sanctioned football game to have been played on a metric field.
  37. ^ Ariel Emery (December 2, 2008). "Historical oddities rest unseen in local archives". Northfield News. WebCite. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  38. ^ http://www.usaultimate.org/about/history/event_archives/college_open_division.aspx
  39. ^ http://www.usaultimate.org/about/history/event_archives/college_womens_division.aspx
  40. ^ "UPA Division III College Championships". USA Ultimate. Retrieved 21 September. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  41. ^ "D-III College Championship -- Sunday Women's Recap". USA Ultimate. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
  42. ^ "Video". CNN. 28 April 1997.
  43. ^ Dean, Pamela (1991). Tam Lin. New York: Tom Doherty Associates. ISBN 0312851375 : 9780312851378. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  44. ^ Wasserstein, Wendy (1990). The Heidi Chronicles. New York: Dramatists Play Service, Inc. ISBN 440000516X 9784400005162. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: length (help)
  45. ^ "Sign Off - Friedrich Schiller". Colbertnation.com. March 29, 2010. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  46. ^ Hart Van Denburg (June 3, 2010). "Carleton students love R2-D2 so much they turn a building into the droid". Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  47. ^ "Guinness World Records". Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  48. ^ Douglas Beck's interview with Jack El-Hai at SpeechPathology.com
  49. ^ "2010-2011 Concert Season". National Philharmonic. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  50. ^ Minnesota Monthly's profile of Dara Moskowitz Grumdahl, 19 December 2007
  51. ^ "Carleton College Board of Trustees Names Steven G. Poskanzer Next President". Carleton College. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
  52. ^ "History of the President's Office". Carlton College. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
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