Β-Carbon nitride: Difference between revisions
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'''Beta carbon nitride''' (β-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) is a material predicted to be harder than diamond.<ref>{{ cite journal | journal = Nature | date = 5. Jun 2000 | url = http://www.nature.com/news/2000/000511/full/news000511-1.html | title = News: Crunchy filling | author = Ball, P. | doi = 10.1038/news000511-1 }}</ref> |
'''Beta carbon nitride''' (β-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) is a material predicted to be harder than diamond.<ref>{{ cite journal | journal = Nature | date = 5. Jun 2000 | url = http://www.nature.com/news/2000/000511/full/news000511-1.html | title = News: Crunchy filling | author = Ball, P. | doi = 10.1038/news000511-1 }}</ref> |
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The material was first proposed in 1985 by [[Marvin L. Cohen|Marvin Cohen]] and Amy Liu. Examining the nature of [[crystalline]] [[covalent bond|bonds]] they theorised that [[carbon]] and [[nitrogen]] atoms could form a particularly short and strong bond in a stable [[crystal lattice]] in a ratio of 1:1.3. That this material would be harder than [[diamond]] on the [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs scale]] was first proposed in 1989.<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Liu, A. Y.; Cohen, M. L. | title = Prediction of New Low Compressibility Solids | url = http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/245/4920/841 | journal = Science | volume = 245 | issue = 4920 | doi = 10.1126/science.245.4920.841 | pages = |
The material was first proposed in 1985 by [[Marvin L. Cohen|Marvin Cohen]] and Amy Liu. Examining the nature of [[crystalline]] [[covalent bond|bonds]] they theorised that [[carbon]] and [[nitrogen]] atoms could form a particularly short and strong bond in a stable [[crystal lattice]] in a ratio of 1:1.3. That this material would be harder than [[diamond]] on the [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs scale]] was first proposed in 1989.<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Liu, A. Y.; Cohen, M. L. | title = Prediction of New Low Compressibility Solids | url = http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/245/4920/841 | journal = Science | volume = 245 | issue = 4920 | doi = 10.1126/science.245.4920.841 | pages = 841–842 | year = 1989 }}</ref> |
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The material has been considered difficult to produce and could not be synthesized for many years. Recently, the production of beta carbon nitride was achieved. For example, nanosized beta carbon nitride crystals and nanorods of this material were prepared by means of an approach involving mechanochemical processing.<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Niu, C.; Lu, Y. Z.; Lieber, C. M. | title = Experimental Realization of the Covalent Solid Carbon Nitride | url = http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/261/5119/334 | journal = Science | volume = 261 | issue = 5119 | page = 334–337 | year = 1993 | doi = 10.1126/science.261.5119.334 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | author = Martín-Gil, J.; Martín-Gil, F. J.; Sarikaya, M.; Qian, M.; José-Yacamán, M.; Rubio, A. | title = Evidence of a Low-Compressibility Carbon Nitride with Defect-Zincblende Structure | url = http://link.aip.org/link/?JAPIAU/81/2555/1 | journal = Journal of Applied Physics | volume = 81 | issue = 6 | pages = 2555–2559 | year = 1997 | doi = 10.1063/1.364301 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | author = Yin, L. W.; Li, M. S.; Liu, Y. X.; Sui, J. L.; Wang, J. M. | url = http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0953-8984/15/2/330/c30230.pdf | format = pdf | title = Synthesis of Beta Carbon Nitride Nanosized Crystal through Mechanochemical Reaction | journal = Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter | volume = 15 | pages = |
The material has been considered difficult to produce and could not be synthesized for many years. Recently, the production of beta carbon nitride was achieved. For example, nanosized beta carbon nitride crystals and nanorods of this material were prepared by means of an approach involving mechanochemical processing.<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Niu, C.; Lu, Y. Z.; Lieber, C. M. | title = Experimental Realization of the Covalent Solid Carbon Nitride | url = http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/261/5119/334 | journal = Science | volume = 261 | issue = 5119 | page = 334–337 | year = 1993 | doi = 10.1126/science.261.5119.334 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | author = Martín-Gil, J.; Martín-Gil, F. J.; Sarikaya, M.; Qian, M.; José-Yacamán, M.; Rubio, A. | title = Evidence of a Low-Compressibility Carbon Nitride with Defect-Zincblende Structure | url = http://link.aip.org/link/?JAPIAU/81/2555/1 | journal = Journal of Applied Physics | volume = 81 | issue = 6 | pages = 2555–2559 | year = 1997 | doi = 10.1063/1.364301 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | author = Yin, L. W.; Li, M. S.; Liu, Y. X.; Sui, J. L.; Wang, J. M. | url = http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0953-8984/15/2/330/c30230.pdf | format = pdf | title = Synthesis of Beta Carbon Nitride Nanosized Crystal through Mechanochemical Reaction | journal = Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter | volume = 15 | pages = 309–314 | year = 2003 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | author = Yin, L. W.; Bando, Y.; Li, M. S.; Liu, Y. X.; Qi, Y. X. | url = http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/adma.200305307 | title = Unique Single-Crystalline Beta Carbon Nitride Nanorods | journal = Advanced Materials | volume = 15 | issue = 21 | pages = 1840–1844 | year = 2003 | doi = 10.1002/adma.200305307 }}</ref> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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Revision as of 05:16, 17 February 2012
Beta carbon nitride (β-C3N4) is a material predicted to be harder than diamond.[1]
The material was first proposed in 1985 by Marvin Cohen and Amy Liu. Examining the nature of crystalline bonds they theorised that carbon and nitrogen atoms could form a particularly short and strong bond in a stable crystal lattice in a ratio of 1:1.3. That this material would be harder than diamond on the Mohs scale was first proposed in 1989.[2]
The material has been considered difficult to produce and could not be synthesized for many years. Recently, the production of beta carbon nitride was achieved. For example, nanosized beta carbon nitride crystals and nanorods of this material were prepared by means of an approach involving mechanochemical processing.[3][4][5][6]
See also
References
- ^ Ball, P. (5. Jun 2000). "News: Crunchy filling". Nature. doi:10.1038/news000511-1.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Liu, A. Y.; Cohen, M. L. (1989). "Prediction of New Low Compressibility Solids". Science. 245 (4920): 841–842. doi:10.1126/science.245.4920.841.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Niu, C.; Lu, Y. Z.; Lieber, C. M. (1993). "Experimental Realization of the Covalent Solid Carbon Nitride". Science. 261 (5119): 334–337. doi:10.1126/science.261.5119.334.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Martín-Gil, J.; Martín-Gil, F. J.; Sarikaya, M.; Qian, M.; José-Yacamán, M.; Rubio, A. (1997). "Evidence of a Low-Compressibility Carbon Nitride with Defect-Zincblende Structure". Journal of Applied Physics. 81 (6): 2555–2559. doi:10.1063/1.364301.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Yin, L. W.; Li, M. S.; Liu, Y. X.; Sui, J. L.; Wang, J. M. (2003). "Synthesis of Beta Carbon Nitride Nanosized Crystal through Mechanochemical Reaction" (pdf). Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 15: 309–314.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Yin, L. W.; Bando, Y.; Li, M. S.; Liu, Y. X.; Qi, Y. X. (2003). "Unique Single-Crystalline Beta Carbon Nitride Nanorods". Advanced Materials. 15 (21): 1840–1844. doi:10.1002/adma.200305307.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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